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Description of Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from rhizosphere soil of limpograss from Florida, USA

Alemayehu W. Habteweld
Alemayehu W. Habteweld
, 
Faruk Akyazi
Faruk Akyazi
, 
Soumi Joseph
Soumi Joseph
, 
William T. Crow
William T. Crow
, 
Eyualem Abebe
Eyualem Abebe
 y 
Tesfamariam Mekete
Tesfamariam Mekete
   | 04 dic 2019
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Article Category: Arts & Humanities
Publicado en línea: 04 dic 2019
Páginas: 1 - 15
Recibido: 03 ago 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-083
© 2019 Alemayehu W. Habteweld et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. female: (A) Anterior region; (B) tail region (arrow 1: subterminal notch, arrow 2: ventral projection); (C) tail region. Scale bars in A, B, C = 20 µm.
Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. female: (A) Anterior region; (B) tail region (arrow 1: subterminal notch, arrow 2: ventral projection); (C) tail region. Scale bars in A, B, C = 20 µm.

Figure 2:

Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. male: (A) Anterior region; (B, C, D) tail region (arrows: pointed and round tail terminus). Scale bars in A, B, C, D = 20 µm.
Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. male: (A) Anterior region; (B, C, D) tail region (arrows: pointed and round tail terminus). Scale bars in A, B, C, D = 20 µm.

Figure 3:

SEM photomicrographs of Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. female: (A) Lip region (arrow: incomplete lip annules); (B) lateral field in anterior region (arrows: incomplete annules; rings and incisures on the beginning on lateral field); (C) posterior region; (D) vulva and lateral fields; (E) lateral field in middle body region showing incomplete aerolations; (F) tail region with subterminal notch (arrow: subterminal notch).
SEM photomicrographs of Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp. female: (A) Lip region (arrow: incomplete lip annules); (B) lateral field in anterior region (arrows: incomplete annules; rings and incisures on the beginning on lateral field); (C) posterior region; (D) vulva and lateral fields; (E) lateral field in middle body region showing incomplete aerolations; (F) tail region with subterminal notch (arrow: subterminal notch).

Figure 4:

Phylogenetic relationship based on D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequences within the genus Hirschmanniella. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the maximum likelihood method and Kimura 2-parameter model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−3,442.77) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter  =  0.3519)). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. This analysis involved 25 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 795 positions in the final data set. Accession preceded by ♦ is a new sequence.
Phylogenetic relationship based on D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequences within the genus Hirschmanniella. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the maximum likelihood method and Kimura 2-parameter model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−3,442.77) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter  =  0.3519)). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. This analysis involved 25 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 795 positions in the final data set. Accession preceded by ♦ is a new sequence.

Figure 5:

Phylogenetic relationship based on ITS rRNA sequences within the genus Hirschmanniella. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the maximum likelihood method and Tamura 3-parameter model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−4,485.75) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter  =  0.9061)). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. This analysis involved 16 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 1,486 positions in the final data set. Accession preceded by ♦ is a new sequence.
Phylogenetic relationship based on ITS rRNA sequences within the genus Hirschmanniella. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the maximum likelihood method and Tamura 3-parameter model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−4,485.75) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (5 categories (+G, parameter  =  0.9061)). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. This analysis involved 16 nucleotide sequences. There were a total of 1,486 positions in the final data set. Accession preceded by ♦ is a new sequence.

Morphometrics of Hirschmanniella dicksoni n. sp.

Female Male
Character Holotype Paratypes Paratype
n – 19 20
L 1,906 1714 ± 152 1506 ± 143
(1,582–1,929) (1,235–1,772)
a 61 59 ± 4.9 60 ± 6.3
(50–69) (47–72)
b 11 11 ± 1.1 9.6 ± 0.9
(10–14) (8.6–11.3)
b′ 4.1 4.2 ± 0.4 4.3 ± 0.4
(3.8–4.8) (3.8–5.1)
c 13 14 ± 0.9 15 ± 1.5
(13–15) (13–18)
c′ 6.7 6.2 ± 0.5 6.2 ± 0.8
(5.1–6.7) (4.8–7.2)
G1 22 23 ± 2.3 –
(20–26)
G2 20 20 ± 1.8 –
(17–24)
T – – 37 ± 5
(29–45)
V 55 53 ± 1.7 –
(50–56) –
M 51 52 ± 1.7 54 ± 1.9
(51–55) (51–57)
o 23 22 ± 2.2 21 ± 2.9
(19–27) (17–27)
DGO 4.5 4.3 ± 0.4 4 ± 0.6
(3.8–5.1) (3.3–5.1)
Lip region diameter 10 10 ± 0.7 9.9 ± 0.4
(9.1–11.2) (9.2–11)
Lip region height 3.7 4.1 ± 0.3 4.3 ± 0.3
(3.7–4.8) (4.0–5.1)
Stylet length 19 20 ± 0.6 19 ± 0.5
(19–21) (18–20)
Conus length 9.8 10 ± 0.5 10 ± 0.4
(9.7–11) (9.6–11)
Shaft length 9.5 9.3 ± 0.4 8.7 ± 0.4
(8.6–9.9) (8.2–9.6)
Stylet knob height 3 2.7 ± 0.4 2.7 ± 0.2
(2–3.4) (2.4–3.2)
Stylet knob width 4.6 4.5 ± 0.4 4.3 ± 0.5
(3.8–5.3) (3.4–5.0)
Procorpus length 80 63 ± 13.8 70 ± 7.2
(50–87) (54–80)
Median bulb length 17 17 ± 1.4 16 ± 1.3
(15–20) (14–18)
Median bulb diam. 13 12 ± 0.8 11 ± 1.4
(11–13) (7.5–13)
Median bulb valve length 5.8 5 ± 0.7 4.7 ± 0.7
(3.5–6.3) (3.8–6)
Median bulb valve width 3.6 2.9 ± 0.4 2.9 ± 0.5
(2.3–3.6) (2.1–3.6)
Anterior end to oesophageal-intestinal junction 177 154 ± 12 158 ± 13
(142–177) (129–179)
Anterior end to excretory (EP) pore 146 133 ± 7 119 ± 11
(124–146) (87–134)
EP pore to oesophageal-intestinal junction 31 25 ± 4.3 39 ± 8.9
(20–32) (24–50)
Metacorpus valve from anterior end 89 85 ± 4.1 80 ± 4.7
(80–94) (72–87)
Nerve ring from anterior end 116 113 ± 5 102 ± 10
(105–122) (73–114)
Oesophageal gland overlap 294 257 ± 34 193 ± 23
(204–311) (150–223)
Oesophagus length 470 411 ± 38 351 ± 30
(330–470) (303–392)
Max body length 31 29 ± 1.6 26 ± 3.1
(26–31) (21–30)
Length from phasmids to terminus 32 29 ± 2 32 ± 2.9
(25–32) (27–35)
Tail length 149 125 ± 11 102 ± 11
(103–149) (84–119)
Anal body width 22 20 ± 1 17 ± 1.8
(18–22) (15–20)
From cloaca to anterior most part of testis – 559 ± 92
(420–708)
Vulva to anterior end 1045 912 ± 90 –
(803–1056)
Anterior genital branch 420 391 ± 57 –
(305–472)
Posterior genital branch 385 333 ± 39 –
(289–433)
Ant. Spermatheca length 26 28 ± 4.2 –
(20–35)
Ant. Spermatheca diam 15 16 ± 2.6 –
(9.3–19)
Post. Spermatheca length 24 24 ± 3.9 –
(17–30)
Post. Spermatheca diam 14 14 ± 2 –
(8.9–17)
Bursa – – 70 ± 15
(45–94)
Cloaca to anterior tip of bursa – – 25 ± 5.8
(15–33)
Cloaca to posterior tip of bursa – – 45 ± 9.5
(27–61)
Gubernaculum – – 8.9 ± 1.1
(7.4–11)
Spicules – – 25 ± 2.9
(19–30)
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