<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Objectives</h3>
<p>To investigate the prevalence of posterior tongue tie in orthodontic patients using numerical and clinical assessment methods in order to identify an association between posterior tongue tie and transverse maxillary deficiency.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Materials and methods</h3>
<p>Seventy-nine participants from an orthodontic clinic were divided into two groups. The first group of 44 patients exhibited a skeletally narrow maxilla and required maxillary skeletal expansion (MSE group) and 35 patients without a transverse discrepancy comprised a control group. Posterior tongue tie was examined by the Kotlow tongue tie classification, tongue range of motion ratio (TRMR) and via a clinical assessment. The prevalence of posterior tongue tie was compared between the two groups.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>There was no significant difference in the level of the Kotlow classification grade between the two groups (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05) and the overall majority was diagnosed as normal. However, a higher proportion of posterior tongue tie was found in the MSE group than in the control group by clinical assessment (MSE group, 72.7%; control group, 42.9%; <italic>p</italic> = 0.005). The proportion of TRMR grade 2 was also higher in the MSE group than in the control group (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Of the subjects diagnosed with posterior tongue tie by clinical findings, approximately 94% showed TRMR grades 2 or 3.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>A clinical assessment of posterior tongue tie was found to be simple and accurate, whereas a numerical assessment alone provided diagnostic difficulty. Considering the high prevalence of observed posterior tongue tie in the MSE group, there was a significant association between posterior tongue tie and transverse maxillary deficiency.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence of posterior tongue tie in orthodontic patients using numerical and clinical assessment methods in order to identify an association between posterior tongue tie and transverse maxillary deficiency.


Materials and methods
Seventy-nine participants from an orthodontic clinic were divided into two groups. The first group of 44 patients exhibited a skeletally narrow maxilla and required maxillary skeletal expansion (MSE group) and 35 patients without a transverse discrepancy comprised a control group. Posterior tongue tie was examined by the Kotlow tongue tie classification, tongue range of motion ratio (TRMR) and via a clinical assessment. The prevalence of posterior tongue tie was compared between the two groups.


Results
There was no significant difference in the level of the Kotlow classification grade between the two groups (p > 0.05) and the overall majority was diagnosed as normal. However, a higher proportion of posterior tongue tie was found in the MSE group than in the control group by clinical assessment (MSE group, 72.7%; control group, 42.9%; p = 0.005). The proportion of TRMR grade 2 was also higher in the MSE group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Of the subjects diagnosed with posterior tongue tie by clinical findings, approximately 94% showed TRMR grades 2 or 3.


Conclusions
A clinical assessment of posterior tongue tie was found to be simple and accurate, whereas a numerical assessment alone provided diagnostic difficulty. Considering the high prevalence of observed posterior tongue tie in the MSE group, there was a significant association between posterior tongue tie and transverse maxillary deficiency.

The prevalence of posterior tongue tie in patients with transverse maxillary deficiency

Australasian Orthodontic Journal

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Posterior tongue tie in patients with maxillary deficiency

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence of posterior tongue tie in orthodontic patients using numerical and clinical assessment methods in order to identify...

		Posterior tongue-tie (n = 47)
		Subjects	Proportion(%)
TRMR grade	Grade 1	3	6.4
	Grade 2	40	85.1
	Grade 3	4	8.5
	Grade 4	0	0.0

		MSE group (n = 44)	Control group (n = 35)	p-value
Kotlow free toungue measurement	Normal	33 (75.0%)	31 (88.6%)
	Class 1	10 (22.7%)	4 (11.4%)	0.239
	Class 2	1	0
	Class 3	0	0
	Class 4	0	0
TRMR grade	Grade 1	3 (6.8%)	14 (40.0%)
	Grade 2	36 (81.1%)	20 (57.1%)	0.001
	Grade 3	5	1
	Grade 4	0	0
Clinical assessment	Anterior tongue tie	2	0
	Posterior tongue tie	32 (72.7%)	15 (42.9%)
	without tongue tie	10 (22.7%)	20 (57.1%)	0.005

The prevalence of posterior tongue tie in patients with transverse maxillary deficiency

Article Category: research-article

Publicado en línea: 19 oct 2021

Páginas: 294 - 300

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.033

© 2021 Wakako Tome et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Correlation between the TRMR grade and clinical finding within patients with posterior tongue-tie.

The intergroup comparison of proportion of each grade and clinical findings of tongue tie.