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Echocardiography in adults

Edyta Płońska-Gościniak
Edyta Płońska-Gościniak
, 
Barbara Lichodziejewska
Barbara Lichodziejewska
, 
Andrzej Szyszka
Andrzej Szyszka
, 
Tomasz Kukulski
Tomasz Kukulski
, 
Jarosław D. Kasprzak
Jarosław D. Kasprzak
, 
Olga Dzikowska-Diduch
Olga Dzikowska-Diduch
, 
Andrzej Gackowski
Andrzej Gackowski
, 
Piotr Gościniak
Piotr Gościniak
, 
Piotr Pysz
Piotr Pysz
 y 
Zbigniew Gąsior
Zbigniew Gąsior
   | 30 abr 2019
Journal of Ultrasonography's Cover Image
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Article Category: review
Publicado en línea: 30 abr 2019
Páginas: 54 - 61
Recibido: 15 ago 2018
Aceptado: 19 feb 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15557/jou.2019.0008
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© 2019 Edyta Płońska-Gościniak et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

A three-dimensional view of mitral and tricuspid valves. Leaflet morphology is visualized. The three-dimensional view allows for the assessment of the tricuspid valve in a transverse plane. TV – tricuspid valve, MV – mitral valve
A three-dimensional view of mitral and tricuspid valves. Leaflet morphology is visualized. The three-dimensional view allows for the assessment of the tricuspid valve in a transverse plane. TV – tricuspid valve, MV – mitral valve

Fig. 2.

A cross-section of the aortic valve in 2D imaging, short-axis (vascular) parasternal projection. Three closed cusps are displayed
A cross-section of the aortic valve in 2D imaging, short-axis (vascular) parasternal projection. Three closed cusps are displayed

Fig. 3.

Aortic stenosis. Flow spectrum in continuous wave Doppler. Peak velocity (Vmax), peak gradient (max PG) measurements, and aortic valve area (AVA) measurement using the equation of continuity are displayed
Aortic stenosis. Flow spectrum in continuous wave Doppler. Peak velocity (Vmax), peak gradient (max PG) measurements, and aortic valve area (AVA) measurement using the equation of continuity are displayed

Fig. 4.

Normal biphasic inflow into the left ventricle through the mitral valve in PWD in apical 4-chamber view
Normal biphasic inflow into the left ventricle through the mitral valve in PWD in apical 4-chamber view

Fig. 5.

A two-dimensional view of mitral regurgitation jet in color Doppler imaging in apical 4-chamber view. Altered color scale (Nyquist limit) and the PISA phenomenon along with the measurement of its radius (MS radius) and calculations of mitral effective regurgitant orifice area (MR ERO) and mitral regurgitant volume (MR volume)
A two-dimensional view of mitral regurgitation jet in color Doppler imaging in apical 4-chamber view. Altered color scale (Nyquist limit) and the PISA phenomenon along with the measurement of its radius (MS radius) and calculations of mitral effective regurgitant orifice area (MR ERO) and mitral regurgitant volume (MR volume)

The main echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of severe regurgitation

AR MR TR
The width of the vena contracta (mm) >6 ≥7 ≥7
ERO (mm2) ≥30 ≥40 ≥40
RVol (ml) ≥60 ≥60 ≥45
Other PHT <200 ms PISA radius – large PISA radius >9 mm

The main echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of severe valvular stenosis

Aortic stenosis Mitral stenosis Tricuspid stenosis
Orifice area (cm2) <1,0 <1,0
Effective orifice area index (cm2/m2 body surface) <0,6
Mean gradient (mm Hg) >40 >10 ≥5
Peak flow velocity (m/s) >4,0
Peak gradient (mm Hg) >64
eISSN:
2451-070X
Idioma:
Inglés
Calendario de la edición:
4 veces al año
Temas de la revista:
Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other
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