[ARCE, L. R and H. BANKS (2001): A preliminary survey of pollen and other morphological characters in neotropical Acacia subgenus Aculeiferum (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 135: 263-270.10.1111/j.1095-8339.2001.tb01095.x]Search in Google Scholar
[BARDAKCI, F. (2001): Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers. Turkish Journal of Biololgy 25: 185-196. ]Search in Google Scholar
[BOER, E. (2002): Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. Record from Protabase. In: PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa), edited by L. P. A. OYEN and R. H. M. J. LEMMENS, Wageningen, the Netherlands. ]Search in Google Scholar
[BRAIN, P. (1989): Genetic races in a ring species of Acacia karroo. South African Journal of Science 85: 81-85. ]Search in Google Scholar
[BRAIN, P. (1985): Leaf peroxidase types in Acacia karroo. Geographical distribution and influence of the environment. South African Journal of Botany 52: 47-52. 10.1016/S0254-6299(16)31601-5]Search in Google Scholar
[BRENAN, J. P. M. (1983): Manual on taxonomy of Acacia species. Rome FAO Forestry Division. ]Search in Google Scholar
[BURLEY, J., C. E. HUGHES and B. T. STYLES (1986): Genetic sstems of tree species for arid and semiarid lands. Forestry Ecology and Management 16: 317-344.10.1016/0378-1127(86)90031-9]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[CAMACHO, F. J. and A. LISTON (2001): Population structure and genetic diversity of Botrychium pumicola (Ophioglossaceae) based on inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR). American Journal of Botany 88: 1065-1070.10.2307/2657089]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[CASIVA, P. V., B. O. SAIDMAN, J. C. VILARDI and A. M. CIALDELLAN (2002): First comparative phenetic studies of Argentinean species of Acacia (Fabaceae), using morphometric, isozymal, and RAPD approaches. American Journal of Botany 89: 843-853.10.3732/ajb.89.5.84321665685]Search in Google Scholar
[CASIVA, P. V., J. C. VILARDI, A. M. CIALDELLAN and B. O. SAIDMAN (2004): Mating system and population structure of Acacia aroma and A. macracantha (Fabaceae). American Journal of Botany 91(1): 58-64.10.3732/ajb.91.1.5821653363]Search in Google Scholar
[CHIKAMAI, B. N. and J. A. ODERA (2002) Commercial plants gums and resins in Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya. 47-52.]Search in Google Scholar
[COATES, D. J. (1988): Genetic diversity and population genetic structure in the rare Chittering grass wattle Acacia anomala. Australian Journal of Botany 36: 273-286.10.1071/BT9880273]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[CORBASSON, M., Y. ROEDERE and E. FORNI (1985): Acacia albida (Del.). Characteristics and ecology of the species, exploration of genetic resources and collection of provenances for international trials. Forestry Genetics Resources Information No. 15, FAO, Rome, Italy.]Search in Google Scholar
[COSSALTER, C. (1991): Acacia senegal; gum trees with promise for Agroforesrty. NFT Highlights No. 91-02. ]Search in Google Scholar
[DANGASUK, O. G. and S. GUDU (2000): Allozyme variation in 16 natural populations of Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev. Hereditas 133: 133-145. 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2000.00133.x11338426]Search in Google Scholar
[DANGASUK, O. G., S. GUDU, R. A. AMAN and R. BRANDL (2002): Isozyme variation and growth performance in 16 provenances of African Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev. in Kenya. Discovery and Innovation special edition 26-36.]Search in Google Scholar
[DONDAIN, G. and G. O. PHILLIPS (1999): The regulatory journey of gum arabic. Foods and Food Ingredients Journal 179: 38-56.]Search in Google Scholar
[ESSELMAN, E. J., D. CRAWFORD, S. BRAUNER, I. F. STUSSY, G. J. ANDERSON and M. O. SILVA (2000): RAPD marker diversity within and divergence among species of Dendroseris (Asteraceae: Lactuceae). American Journal of Botany 87: 591-596.10.2307/2656603]Search in Google Scholar
[ESSELMAN, E. J., L. JIANQIAMG, D. J. CRAWFORD, J. L. WINDUS and A. D. WELFE (1999): Clonal diversity in the rare Calamagrostis porteri spp. insperata (Poaceae): comparative results for allozymes and random amplified polymorphic DNA and inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Molecular Ecology 8: 43-453. 10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00585.x]Search in Google Scholar
[FAGG, C. W. and G. E. ALLISON (2004): Acacia senegal and gum arabic trade. Oxford Forestry Institute. Tropical Forestry papers No. 42. ]Search in Google Scholar
[FAO and UNEP (1983): Notes on trees and shrubs in arid and semi arid regions. EMASAR phase 11. FAO, Rome, Italy. ]Search in Google Scholar
[FAO/IAEA (2002): Mutant Germplasm Characterization using molecular markers. A manual prepared by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna. ]Search in Google Scholar
[FERNANDEZ, A., R. E. SCHUTZKI and J. F. HANCOCK (1996): Isozyme and morphological variation in a Cornus florida L. Provenance plantation and representing geographically diverse populations. Journal of American Society and Horticultural Science 121(2): 225-230. ]Search in Google Scholar
[HAMRICK, J. L and M. J. W. GODT (1989): Allozyme diversity in plant species, pp. 1-19. In: Plant Population Genetics, Breeding and Genetic Resources, edited by A. H. D. BROWN, M. T. CLEYG, A. L. KAHLER and B. S. WEIR, Sinaner, Massachussetts. ]Search in Google Scholar
[HAMRICK, J. L. and D. MURAWSKI (1990): The breeding structure of tropical tree populations. Plant species biology 5: 157-167.10.1111/j.1442-1984.1990.tb00200.x]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[HANTULA, J., M. DUSABENYGASANI and R. C. HAMELIN (1996): Random amplified microsatellites (RAMS) - a novel method for characterizing genetic variation within fungi: European Journal of Forestry Pathology 26: 15-166. 10.1111/j.1439-0329.1996.tb00720.x]Search in Google Scholar
[HOUSTON, D. B. and D. R. HOUSTON (1993): Variation in American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh): Isozyme Analysis of Genetic Structure in Selected Stands. Silvae Genetica 43(5/6): 227-284. ]Search in Google Scholar
[INTERNATIONALE CENTRE for RESEARCH in AGROFORESTRY (1992): A selection of useful trees and shrubs of Kenya. Kenya, ICRAF. JOLY, H. I., M. ZEH-NIO, P. DANTHU and C. AYGALENT (1992): Population genetics of an African acacia: Acacia albida. Genetic diversity of populations from West Africa. Australian Journal of Botany 40: 59-73. 10.1071/BT9920059]Search in Google Scholar
[MACDONALD, S. E., B. R. THOMAS, D. M. CHENIAWSKY and B. G. PURDY (2001): Managing genetic resources of iodgepole pine in West-Central Alberta: Patterns of isozyme variation in natural populations and effects of forest management. Forest Ecology Management 152: 45-58. 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00616-2]Search in Google Scholar
[MANNIATIS, T., E. F. FRITSCH and J. SAMBROOK (1982): Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual-cold spring harbor. Cold Spring Hobart Publications. ]Search in Google Scholar
[MAUNDU, P. M., G. W. NGUGI and H. C. KASUYE (1999): Traditional food plants of Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya. MCDONALD, M. W. and B. R. MASLIN (2000): Taxonomic revision of the salwoods: Acacia aulacocarpa Cunn. Ex. Benth; and its allies (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: section juliflorae). Australian Systematic Botany 13: 21-78.]Search in Google Scholar
[MONDAL, T. K. (2002): Assessment of genetic diversity of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.). O. Kuntze) by inter-simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction. Euphytica 128: 307-315.10.1023/A:1021212419811]Search in Google Scholar
[MORAN, G. F., O. MOUNA and J. C. BELL (1989a): Acacia mangium: A tropical forest tree of the coastal lowlands with low levels of genetic diversity. Evolution 43: 231-235.10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb04223.x28568485]Search in Google Scholar
[MUONA, O., G. F. MORAN and J. C. BELL (1991): Hierarchical patterns of correlated mating in Acacia melanoxylon. Genetics 127: 619-626. 10.1093/genetics/127.3.61912043882016057]Search in Google Scholar
[NAN, P., S. SHI, S. PENG, C. TIAN and Y. ZHONG (2003): Genetic diversity in Primular obconica (Primulaceae) from central and south-west China as revealed by ISSR markers. American Journal of Botany 91: 329-333. ]Search in Google Scholar
[NATIONAL ACADEMY of SCIENCES (1984): Tropical legumes: Resources for the future. Washington DC. NEI, M. (1973): Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Genetics 70: 3321-3323.]Search in Google Scholar
[NEI, M. (1978): Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89: 583-590. 10.1093/genetics/89.3.583121385517248844]Search in Google Scholar
[OLEGHE, P. E. and F. K. AKINOUFESI (1992): Gum yield of Acacia senegal as affected by soil and water potential and season of tapping. Nitrogen fixing Tree Research reports 10: 106-109. ]Search in Google Scholar
[OLNG’OTIE, P. A. S. (1992): Acacia tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne: A study of Genetic Diversity and Breeding Systems. Unpubl. D. Phil. Thesis. Oxford University, Oxford, England, pp. 117. ]Search in Google Scholar
[PEAKALL, R and P. E. SMOUSE (2006): GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes 6: 288-295. 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[PLAYFORD, J., J. C. BELL and G. F. MORAN (1993): A major disjunction in genetic diversity over the geographic range of Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. Australian Journal of Botany 41: 355-368.10.1071/BT9930355]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[REED, D. H. and R. FRANKHAM (2001): How closely correlated are molecular and Quantitative measures of genetic variation? A mata-analysis. Evolution 55: 1095-1103.10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00629.x11475045]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[TRIEST, L. (2008): Molecular ecology and biogeography of mangrove trees towards conceptual insights on gene flow and barriers: A review. Aquatic Botany 89: 138-154.10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.013]Search in Google Scholar
[WACHIRA, F. N., J. TANAKA and Y. TAKEDA (2001): Genetic variation and differentiation in tea (Camellia sinensis) germplasm revealed by RAPD and AFLP variation. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 76(5): 557-563.]Search in Google Scholar
[WILLIAMS, J. G. K., A. R. KUBELIK, K. J. LIVAK, J. A. RAFALSKI and S. V. TINGEY (1990): DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research 18: 6531-6535.10.1093/nar/18.22.65313326061979162]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[WOLFE, A. D. and A. LISTON (1998): Contributions of PCRbased methods to plant systematics and evolutionary biology, pp. 43-86. In: Molecular systematics of plants: DNA sequencing, edited by P. S. SOLTIS, D. E. SOLTIS and J. J. DOYLE, Kluwer, New York. YEH, F. C., R. C. YANG, T. B. J. BOYLE, Z. H. YE and J. X.10.1007/978-1-4615-5419-6_2]Search in Google Scholar
[MAO (1999): POPGENE 3.2, the User Friendly Shareware for Population Genetic Analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton. ]Search in Google Scholar
[ZIETKIEWICZ, E., A. RAFALKI and D. LABUDA (1994): Genome fingerprinting by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR)-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics 20: 176-183. 10.1006/geno.1994.11518020964]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[ZOBEL, B. and J. TALBERT (1984): Applied Forest Tree Improvement. John Wiley and Sons, New York.]Search in Google Scholar