[Al Swidi, A. K., & Al Hosam, A. (2012). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the organizational performance: A study on the Islamic banks in Yemen using the partial least squares approach. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (OMAN Chapter), 2(1), 73-84.10.12816/0002244]Search in Google Scholar
[Allen, R. S., & Kilmann, R. H. (2001). The role of the reward system for a total quality management based strategy. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 14(2), 110-131.10.1108/09534810110388036]Search in Google Scholar
[Andersen, T. B., & Tarp, F. (2003). Financial liberalization, financial development and economic growth in LDCs. Journal of International Development, 15(2), 189-209.10.1002/jid.971]Search in Google Scholar
[Anderson, JC. and D.W, Gerbing, 1988, Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. PsychoL Bull., 103: 411-423.10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411]Search in Google Scholar
[Antoncic, B. & Hisrich, R.D. (2001). Intrapreneurship: construct refinement and cross cultural validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 495-527.10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00054-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 74-94. doi:10.1007/bf0272332710.1007/BF02723327]Search in Google Scholar
[Bagozzu R.P., Y. Yi and L.W. Phillips, 1991. Assessing construct validity in organizational research. Admin. Sci. Q., 36: 421-478,10.2307/2393203]Search in Google Scholar
[Barrett, H., Balloun, J. L., & Weinstein, A. (2012). Creative climate: a critical success factor for 21st century organisations. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 6(2), 202-219.10.1504/IJBIR.2012.045637]Search in Google Scholar
[Bierwerth, M., Schwens, C., Isidor, R., & Kabst, R. (2015). Corporate entrepreneurship and performance: A meta-analysis. Small Business Economics, 1-24.10.1007/s11187-015-9629-1]Search in Google Scholar
[Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In V. Esposito Vinzi, W. W. Chin, J. Henseler, & H. Wang (Eds.), Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655-690). Berlin, Germany: Springer.]Search in Google Scholar
[Chin, W.W., 1998. The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modelling. In: Modem Methods for Business Research, Markoulides, G A (Ed). Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.? USA., p: 95-336.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.]Search in Google Scholar
[Collin, S. O., & Smith, E. (2003). Corporate governance and corporate entrepreneurship in public associations: The case of the riding school.]Search in Google Scholar
[Covin, J.G. & Slevin, D.P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(1), 7-25.10.1177/104225879101600102]Search in Google Scholar
[Dalrymple, D. J. and L. J. Parsons. (1995). “Marketing Management,” New York: John Wiley and Sons.]Search in Google Scholar
[Davis, D. (1996). Business research for decision making (4th ed). Belmont, CA: Duxbury Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Davis, J. L. (2007). Firm-Level Entrepreneurship and Performance: An Examination and Extension of Relationships and Measurements of the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct. University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington.]Search in Google Scholar
[Deshpandé, R., Farley, J. U., & Webster Jr, F. E. (1993). Corporate Culture Customer Orientation, and Innovativeness in Japanese Firms: A Quadrad Analysis. Journal of marketing, 57(1).10.1177/002224299305700102]Search in Google Scholar
[Dess, G., Lumpkin, G.T. & McGee, J.E. (1999). Linking corporate entrepreneurship to strategy, structure and process: suggested research directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3), 85-102.10.1177/104225879902300306]Search in Google Scholar
[Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling. Akron, OH: The University of Akron Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Fase, M. M., & Abma, R. C. N. (2003). Financial environment and economic growth in selected Asian countries. Journal of Asian Economics, 14(1), 11-21.10.1016/S1049-0078(02)00237-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Fomell, C. and D.F. Larcker, 1981. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. J. Mar. Res., 18: 39-50.10.1177/002224378101800104]Search in Google Scholar
[Fornell, C., & Cha, J. (1994). Partial least squares. Advanced methods of marketing research, 407, 52-78.]Search in Google Scholar
[Fornell, C., & Cha, J. (1994). Partial least squares. Advanced methods of marketing research, 407, 52-78.]Search in Google Scholar
[Frese, M., Rousseau, D. M., & Wiklund, J. (2014). The emergence of evidence-based entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(2), 209–216.10.1111/etap.12094]Search in Google Scholar
[Gefen, D., D. Straub and M. Boudreau, 2000. Structural equation modeling and regression-Guidelines for research practice. Commun. Assoc. Inform. Syst, 7: 1-78.10.17705/1CAIS.00407]Search in Google Scholar
[George, B. A., & Marino, L. (2011). The epistemology of entrepreneurial orientation: Conceptual formation, modeling, and operationalization. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 989-1024.10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00455.x]Search in Google Scholar
[George, BA, Marino L (2011). The Epistemology of Entrepreneurial Orientation: Conceptual Formation, Modeling, and Operationalization. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 35(5): 989-1024.]Search in Google Scholar
[Goodale, J. C., Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., & Covin, J. G. (2011). Operations management and corporate entrepreneurship: The moderating effect of operations control on the antecedents of corporate entrepreneurial activity in relation to innovation performance. Journal of Operations Management, 29(1), 116-127.10.1016/j.jom.2010.07.005]Search in Google Scholar
[Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202]Search in Google Scholar
[Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414-433.10.1007/s11747-011-0261-6]Search in Google Scholar
[Hair; IF., W C. Black, B. J. Babin and R,E. Anderson, 2010. Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th Edn., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.]Search in Google Scholar
[Heavey, C., & Simsek, Z. (2013). Top management compositional effects on corporate entrepreneurship: The moderating role of perceived technological uncertainty. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(5), 837–855.10.1111/jpim.12033]Search in Google Scholar
[Heinonen, J. & Toivonen, J. (2008). Corporate entrepreneurship or silent followers? Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 29(7), 583-599.10.1108/01437730810906335]Search in Google Scholar
[Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The Use of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling in International Marketing. In R. R. Sinkovics & P. N. Ghauri (Eds.), Advances in International Marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277-320). Bingley: Emerald10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014]Search in Google Scholar
[Hornsby, J. S., Kuratko, D. F., & Zahra, S. A. (2002). Middle managers’ perception of the internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship: assessing a measurement scale. Journal of business Venturing, 17(3), 253-273.10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00059-8]Search in Google Scholar
[Hornsby, J. S., Kuratko, D. F., & Montagno, R. V. (1999). Perception of internal factors for corporate entrepreneurship: A comparison of Canadian and US managers. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(2), 9-24.10.1177/104225879902400202]Search in Google Scholar
[Hult, G.T. & Ferrell, O.C. (1997). A global learning organization structure and market information processing. Journal of Business Research, 40, 155-165.10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00006-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Hurley, R.F. & Hult, T.M. (1998). Innovation, market orientation and organizational learning: an integration and empirical examination. Journal of Marketing, 62(3), 42-54.10.1177/002224299806200303]Search in Google Scholar
[Ireland, R.D., Covin, J.G. & Kuratko, D.F. (2009). Conceptualizing corporate strategy. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(1), 19-46.10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00279.x]Search in Google Scholar
[Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. The Journal of marketing, 53-70.10.1177/002224299305700304]Search in Google Scholar
[Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.10.1177/001316447003000308]Search in Google Scholar
[Kuratko, D. F., Morris, M. H., & Covin, J. G. (2011). Corporate innovation and entrepreneurship. SOUTH-WESTERN CENGAGE Learning Australia, United States.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., & Covin, J. G. (2014). Diagnosing a firm’s internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship. Business Horizons, 57(1), 37-47.10.1016/j.bushor.2013.08.009]Search in Google Scholar
[Kuratko, D. F., Hornsby, J. S., & Hayton, J. (2015). Corporate entrepreneurship: the innovative challenge for a new global economic reality. Small Business Economics, 1-9.10.1007/s11187-015-9627-3]Search in Google Scholar
[Kuratko, D., Ireland, R.D. & Hornsby, J. (2001). Improving firm performance through entrepreneurial actions: Accordia’s corporate entrepreneurship strategy. Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), 60-71.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of management Review, 21(1), 135-172.10.2307/258632]Search in Google Scholar
[Lumpkin, G.T. & Dess, G.G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.10.2307/258632]Search in Google Scholar
[Maçães, M. A. R., Farhangmehr, M., & Pinho, J. C. (2007). Market orientation and the synergistic effect of mediating and moderating factors on performance: The case of the fashion cluster. Portuguese Journal of Management Studies, 12(1), 27-43.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mahmood, R., & Wahid, R. A. (2012). Applying corporate entrepreneurship to bank performance in Malaysia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 68-82.]Search in Google Scholar
[Morris, M.H., Kuratko, D.F., Covin, J.G. (2011). Corporate Entrepreneurship & Innovation, Entrepreneurial Development within Organisations. Mason: Thomson South-Western.]Search in Google Scholar
[Morris, M.H. & Sexton, D.L. (1996). The concept of entrepreneurial intensity: implications for company performance. Journal of Business Research, 2, 247-259.10.1016/0148-2963(95)00158-1]Search in Google Scholar
[Pakistan & Gulf Economist. (2013, September).]Search in Google Scholar
[Pakistan Bank’s Association Website - http://www.pakistanbanks.org/ – retrieved on 28 April, 2014]Search in Google Scholar
[Phan, P. H., Wright, M., Ucbasaran, D., & Tan, W. L. (2009). Corporate entrepreneurship: Current research and future directions. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(3), 197-205.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.01.007]Search in Google Scholar
[Rauch, A., Wiklund, J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Frese, M. (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 761-787.10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00308.x]Search in Google Scholar
[Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., and Becker, J.-M. 2015. “SmartPLS 3.” Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, http://www.smartpls.com.]Search in Google Scholar
[Roche (2015): Retrieved from: http://www.pragcap.com/banking-is-complex-because-the-world-has-become-more-complex/]Search in Google Scholar
[Rutherford, M. W., & Holt, D. T. (2007). Corporate entrepreneurship: An empirical look at the innovativeness dimension and its antecedents. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 20(3), 429-446.10.1108/09534810710740227]Search in Google Scholar
[Shaw, E., O’Loughlin, A. & McFadzean, E. (2005). Corporate entrepreneurship and innovation: a role and process based approach. European Journal of innovation Management, 8(4), 393-408.10.1108/14601060510627786]Search in Google Scholar
[Simsek, Z., & Heavey, C. (2011). The mediating role of knowledge-based capital for corporate entrepreneurship effects on performance: A study of small to medium-sized ¿rms. Strategic Entrepreneurial Journal, 5(1), 81–100.10.1002/sej.108]Search in Google Scholar
[Stevenson, H. & Grousbeck, H. (1992). The heart of entrepreneurial venture. In R. Sahlmand and H. Stevenson (eds). The entrepreneurial venture. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.]Search in Google Scholar
[Tajeddini, K., & Mueller, S. L. (2012). Corporate entrepreneurship in Switzerland: evidence from a case study of Swiss watch manufacturers. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 8(3), 355-372.10.1007/s11365-011-0179-y]Search in Google Scholar
[The Express Tribune. Retrieved from http://tribune.com.pk/story/286458/history-of-banking-in-pakistan--of-humble-origins-and-vast-potential/]Search in Google Scholar
[Welter, F., & Smallbone, D. (2011). Institutional perspectives on entrepreneurial behavior in challenging environments. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 107-125.10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00317.x]Search in Google Scholar
[Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource based view of the firm. Strategic management journal, 5(2), 171-180.10.1002/smj.4250050207]Search in Google Scholar
[Wiklund, J. & Shepherd, D. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20, 71-91.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.01.001]Search in Google Scholar
[Wold, H. (1975). Path models with latent variables: The NIPALS approach (pp. 307-357). Acad. Press.10.1016/B978-0-12-103950-9.50017-4]Search in Google Scholar
[Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2005). Strategies of competition in the bank card business: Innovation management in a complex economic environment. Sussex Academic Press.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wood, C., Holt, D., Reed, T. & Hudgens, B. (2008). Perceptions of corporate entrepreneurship in air force organizations: antecedents and outcomes. Journal of small Business and Entrepreneurship, 21(3), 117-132.10.1080/08276331.2008.10593416]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S. A., & Garvis, D. M. (2000). International corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: The moderating effect of international environmental hostility. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 469-492.10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00036-1]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S. A. (2010). Harvesting family firms’ organizational social capital: A relational perspective. Journal of Management Studies, 47(2), 345–366.10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00894.x]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S. A. (2012). Organizational learning and entrepreneurship in family firms: Exploring the moderating effect of ownership and cohesion. Small Business Economics, 38(1), 51–65.10.1007/s11187-010-9266-7]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S. A., & Covin, J. G. (1995). Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of business venturing, 10(1), 43-58.10.1016/0883-9026(94)00004-E]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S.A. (1993). Environment, corporate entrepreneurship and financial performance: a taxonomic approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20, 71-91.10.1016/0883-9026(93)90003-N]Search in Google Scholar
[Zahra, S.A., Jennings, D. & Kuratko, D. (1999). The antecedents and consequences of firm-level entrepreneurship: the state of the field. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(3), 45-65.10.1177/104225879902400205]Search in Google Scholar
[Zampetakis, L.A. & Moustakis, V.S. (2010). An exploratory research on the factors stimulating corporate entrepreneurship in the Greek public sector. International Journal of Manpower, 31(8), 871-887.10.1108/01437721011088557]Search in Google Scholar
[Zhang, D. (2008). Integration of market and entrepreneurial orientation. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.]Search in Google Scholar