[Achat, D.L., Fortin, M., Landmann, G., Ringeval, B., Augusto, L. 2015. Forest soil carbon is threatened by intensive biomass harvesting. – Scientific Reports, 5, art. no. 15991.]Search in Google Scholar
[Agostini, A., Giuntoli, J., Boulamanti, A. 2013. Carbon accounting of forest bioenergy. JRC Technical Report, Luxembourg. [WWW document]. URL http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC70663/eur25354en_online.pdf [Accessed 8 November 2017].]Search in Google Scholar
[Barnosky, A.D., Hadly, E.A., Bascompte, J., Berlow, E.L., Brown, J.H., Fortelius, M., Getz, W.M., Harte, J., Hastings, A., Marquet, P.A., Martinez, N.D., Mooers, A., Roopnarine, P., Vermeij, G., Williams, J.W., Gillespie, R., Kitzes, J., Marshall, C., Matzke, N., Mindell, D.P., Revilla, E., Smith, A.B. 2012. Approaching a state shift in Earth’s biosphere. – Nature, 486(7401), 52–58.]Search in Google Scholar
[Barnosky, A.D., Matzke, N., Tomiya, S., Wogan, G.O.U., Swartz, B., Quental, T.B., Marshall, C., McGuire, J.L., Lindsey, E.L., Maguire, K.C., Mersey, B., Ferrer, E.A. 2011. Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction already arrived? – Nature, 471(7336), 51–57.]Search in Google Scholar
[Beland Lindahl, K., Sténs, A., Sandström, C., Johansson, J., Lidskog, R., Ranius, T., Roberge, J.-M. 2017. The Swedish forestry model: More of everything? – Forest Policy and Economics, 77, 186–199.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bellassen, V., Luyssaert, S. 2014. Managing forests in uncertain times. – Nature, 506, 153–155.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bentsen, N.C. 2017. Carbon debt and payback time – Lost in the forest? – Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, 1211–1217.]Search in Google Scholar
[Betts, R.A. 2000. Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo. – Nature, 408(6809), 187–190.]Search in Google Scholar
[Buchholz, T., Hurteau, M.D., Gunn, J., Saah, D. 2016. A global meta-analysis of forest bioenergy greenhouse gas emission accounting studies. – GCB Bioenergy, 8(2), 281–289.]Search in Google Scholar
[Carpentier, S., Filotas, E., Handa, I.T., Messier, C. 2017. Trade-offs between timber production, carbon stocking and habitat quality when managing woodlots for multiple ecosystem services. – Environmental Conservation, 44(1), 14–23.10.1017/S0376892916000357]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Ceballos, G, Ehrlich, P.R., Barnosky, A.D, García, A, Pringle, R.M., Palmer, T.M. 2015. Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. – Science Advances, 1, no. 5, e1400253.]Search in Google Scholar
[Cornwall, W. 2017. Is wood a green source of energy? Scientists are divided. – Science, doi:10.1126/science.aal0574.10.1126/.aal0574]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Costilow, K.C., Knight, K.S., Flower, C.E. 2017. Disturbance severity and canopy position control the radial growth response of maple trees (Acer spp.) in forests of northwest Ohio impacted by emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis). – Annals of Forest Science, 74(1), art. no. 10.10.1007/s13595-016-0602-1]Search in Google Scholar
[Dean, C., Kirkpatrick, J.B., Friedland, A.J. 2017. Conventional intensive logging promotes loss of organic carbon from the mineral soil. – Global Change Biology, 23(1), 1–11.10.1111/gcb.1338727273206]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Dixon, R.K., Brown, S., Houghton, R.A., Solomon, A.M., Trexler, M.C., Wisniewski, J. 1994. Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems. – Science, 263(5144), 185–190.]Search in Google Scholar
[Emmett Duffy, J., Godwin, C.M., Cardinale, B.J. 2017. Biodiversity effects in the wild are common and as strong as key drivers of productivity. – Nature, 549(7671), 261–264.]Search in Google Scholar
[Espenberg, S., Kuhi-Thalfeldt, R., Lahtvee, V., Jüssi, M., Moora, H., Laht, J., Mander, Ü., Salm, J.-O., Parts, K. 2013. Estonian possibilities for moving towards competitive low carbon economy by 2050. Final report. (Eesti võimalused liikumaks konkurentsivõimelise madala süsinikuga majanduse suunas aastaks 2050. Lõppraport.) Tartu Ülikool RAKE, SA SEI Tallinn, SA Eestimaa Loodus Fond. 429 pp. (In Estonian).]Search in Google Scholar
[Euroopa Komisjon 2011. A roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon economy in 2050. (Konkurentsivõimeline vähese CO2-heitega majandus aastaks 2050 – edenemiskava). [WWW document]. URL http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ET/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52011DC0112&from=EN [Accessed 8 November 2017].]Search in Google Scholar
[Fedrowitz, K., Koricheva, J., Baker, S.C., Lindenmayer, D.B., Palik, B., Rosenvald, R., Beese, W., Franklin, J.F., Kouki, J., Macdonald, E., Messier, C., Sverdrup-Thygeson, A., Gustafsson, L. 2014. Can retention forestry help conserve biodiversity? A meta-analysis. – Journal of Applied Ecology, 51(6), 1669–1679.10.1111/1365-2664.12289427768825552747]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Felton, A., Gustafsson, L., Roberge, J.-M., Ranius, T., Hjältén, J., Rudolphi, J., Lindbladh, M., Weslien, J., Rist, L., Brunet, J., Felton, A.M. 2016. How climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies can threaten or enhance the biodiversity of production forests: Insights from Sweden. – Biological Conservation, 194, 11–20.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ford, S.E., Keeton, W.S. 2017. Enhanced carbon storage through management for old-growth characteristics in northern hardwood-conifer forests. – Ecosphere, 8(4), art. no. e01721.]Search in Google Scholar
[Gasparatos, A., Doll, C.N.H., Esteban, M., Ahmed, A., Olang, T.A. 2017. Renewable energy and biodiversity: Implications for transitioning to a Green Economy. – Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 161–184.]Search in Google Scholar
[Gerland, P., Raftery, A.E., Ševčíková, H., Li, N., Gu, D., Spoorenberg, T., Alkema, L., Fosdick, B.K., Chunn, J., Lalic, N., Bay, G., Buettner, T., Heilig, G.K., Wilmoth, J. 2014. World population stabilization unlikely this century. – Science, 346(6206), 234–237.]Search in Google Scholar
[Gundersen, P., Christiansen, J.R., Alberti, G., Brüggemann, N., Castaldi, S., Gasche, R., Kitzler, B., Klemedtsson, L., Lobo-Do-Vale, R., Moldan, F., Rütting, T., Schleppi, P., Weslien, P., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S. 2012. The response of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes to forest change in Europe. – Biogeosciences, 9(10), 3999–4012.10.5194/bg-9-3999-2012]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Hanssen, S.V., Duden, A.S., Junginger, M., Dale, V.H., van der Hilst, F. 2017 Wood pellets, what else? Greenhouse gas parity times of European electricity from wood pellets produced in the southeastern United States using different softwood feedstocks. – GCB Bioenergy, 9(9), 1406–1422.]Search in Google Scholar
[Harmon, M.E., Moreno, A., Domingo, J.B. 2009. Effects of partial harvest on the carbon stores in douglas-fir/western hemlock forests: A simulation study. – Ecosystems, 12(5), 777–791.10.1007/s10021-009-9256-2]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Heinonen, T., Pukkala, T., Mehtätalo, L., Asikainen, A., Kangas, J., Peltola, H. 2017. Scenario analyses for the effects of harvesting intensity on development of forest resources, timber supply, carbon balance and biodiversity of Finnish forestry. – Forest Policy and Economics, 80, 80–98.10.1016/j.forpol.2017.03.011]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Humphreys, E.R., Black, T.A., Morgenstern, K., Cai, T., Drewitt, G.B., Nesic, Z., Trofymow, J.A. 2006. Carbon dioxide fluxes in coastal Douglas-fir stands at different stages of development after clearcut harvesting. – Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 140(1–4), 6–22.]Search in Google Scholar
[IPCC 2014. Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. – Core Writing Team. Pachauri, R.K., Meyer, L.A. (eds.). Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. 151 pp.]Search in Google Scholar
[Isbell, F., Craven, D., Connolly, J., Loreau, M., Schmid, B., Beierkuhnlein, C., Bezemer, T.M., Bonin, C., Bruelheide, H., De Luca, E., Ebeling, A., Griffin, J.N., Guo, Q., Hautier, Y., Hector, A., Jentsch, A., Kreyling, J., Lanta, V., Manning, P., Meyer, S.T., Mori, A.S., Naeem, S., Niklaus, P.A., Polley, H.W., Reich, P.B., Roscher, C., Seabloom, E.W., Smith, M.D., Thakur, M.P., Tilman, D., Tracy, B.F., van Der Putten, W.H., van Ruijven, J., Weigelt, A., Weisser, W.W., Wilsey, B., Eisenhauer, N. 2015. Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. – Nature, 526(7574), 574–577.]Search in Google Scholar
[James, J., Harrison, R. 2016. The effect of harvest on forest soil carbon: A meta-analysis. – Forests, 7(12), art. no. 308.]Search in Google Scholar
[Körner, C. 2017. A matter of tree longevity: Tree longevity rather than growth rate controls the carbon capital of forests. – Science, 355(6321), 130–131.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lal, R. 2005. Forest soils and carbon sequestration. – Forest Ecology Management, 220 (1–3), 242–58.]Search in Google Scholar
[Laporte, M.F., Duchesne, L.C., Morrison, I.K. 2003. Effect of clearcutting, selection cutting, shelterwood cutting and microsites on soil surface CO2 efflux in a tolerant hardwood ecosystem of northern Ontario. – Forest Ecology and Management, 174(1–3), 565–575.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lavoie, M., Kellman, L., Risk, D. 2013. The effects of clear-cutting on soil CO2, CH4, and N2O flux, storage and concentration in two Atlantic temperate forests in Nova Scotia, Canada. – Forest Ecology and Management, 304, 355–369.]Search in Google Scholar
[Luyssaert, S., Ciais, P., Piao, S.L., Schulze, E.-D., Jung, M., Zaehle, S., Schelhaas, M.J., Reichstein, M., Churkina, G., Papale, D., Abril, G., Beer, C., Grace, J., Loustau, D., Matteucci, G., Magnani, F., Nabuurs, G.J., Verbeeck, H., Sulkava, M., van der Werf, G.R., Janssens, I.A. 2010. The European carbon balance. Part 3: Forests. – Global Change Biology, 16(5), 429–1450.10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02056.x]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Lõhmus, A., Runnel, K. 2014. Ash dieback can rapidly eradicate isolated epiphyte populations in production forests: A case study. – Biological Conservation, 169, 185–188.]Search in Google Scholar
[Mantau, U. 2012. Wood flows in Europe (EU27). Project report. Celle 2012. 24 pp.]Search in Google Scholar
[Minkkinen, K., Laine, J. 2006. Vegetation heterogeneity and ditches create spatial variability in methane fluxes from peatlands drained for forestry. – Plant and Soil, 285(1–2), 289–304.]Search in Google Scholar
[Nabuurs, G.J., Masera, O., Andrasko, K., Benitez-Ponce, P., Boer, R., Dutschke, M., Elsiddig, E., Ford-Robertson, J., Frumhoff, P., Karjalainen, J., Krankina, O., Kurz, W.A., Matsumoto, M., Oyhantcabal, W., Ravindranath, N.H., Sanz Sanchez, M.J., Zhang, X. 2007. Forestry. In: Metz, B., Davidson, O.R., Bosch, P.R., Dave, R., Meyer, L.A. (eds.), Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.]Search in Google Scholar
[Naudts, K., Chen, Y., McGrath, M.J., Ryder, J., Valade, A., Otto, J., Luyssaert, S. 2016. Forest management: Europe’s forest management did not mitigate climate warming. – Science, 351(6273), 597–599.]Search in Google Scholar
[Noormets, A., Nouvellon, Y. 2015. Introduction for special issue: Carbon, water and nutrient cycling in managed forests. – Forest Ecology and Management, 355, 1–3.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ojanen, P., Minkkinen, K., Alm, J., Penttilä, T. 2010. Soil-atmosphere CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes in boreal forestry-drained peatlands. – Forest Ecology and Management, 260(3), 411–421.]Search in Google Scholar
[Olsson, R. 2011. To manage or protect? – Boreal forest from a climate perspective. Air Pollution and Climate Series 26. 67 pp.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pohjanmies, T., Triviño, M., Le Tortorec, E., Salminen, H., Mönkkönen, M. 2017. Conflicting objectives in production forests pose a challenge for forest management. – Ecosystem Services, 28(C), 298–310.]Search in Google Scholar
[Prévost, M., Dumais, D. 2014. Shelterwood cutting in a boreal mixedwood stand: 10-year effects of the establishment cut on growth and mortality of merchantable residual trees. – Forest Ecology and Management, 330, 94–104.]Search in Google Scholar
[Profft, I., Mund, M., Weber, G.E., Weller, E., Schulze, E.D. 2009. Forest management and carbon sequestration in wood products. – European Journal of Forest Research, 128, 399–413.]Search in Google Scholar
[Puhlick, J.J., Weiskittel, A.R., Fernandez, I.J., Fraver, S., Kenefic, L.S., Seymour, R.S., Kolka, R.K., Rustad, L.E., Brissette, J.C. 2016. Long-term influence of alternative forest management treatments on total ecosystem and wood product carbon storage. – Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 46(11), 1404–1412.10.1139/cjfr-2016-0193]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Pukkala, T. 2017. Does management improve the carbon balance of forestry? Forestry, 90 (1), 125–135.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pärt, E. 2013. Increase in stand volume – basics and myths in forestry. (Puistute juurdekasv – metsanduse põhitõed ja müüdid). – Eesti Mets, 3, 24–27. (In Estonian).]Search in Google Scholar
[Ranius, T., Hämäläinen, A., Egnell, G., Olsson, B., Eklöf, K., Stendahl, J., Rudolphi, J., Sténs, A., Felton, A. 2018. The effects of logging residue extraction for energy on ecosystem services and biodiversity: A synthesis. – Journal of Environmental Management, 209, 409–425.]Search in Google Scholar
[RMK rakendusuuringu projekt 2016. Carbon and nitrogen cycling in drained forests. Project period 24.04.2013–30.04.2016, principal investigator Mander, Ü. (Süsiniku- ja lämmastikuringe muudetud veerežiimiga metsades. Projekti kestus 24.04.2013−30.04.2016, projekti juht Mander, Ü). [WWW document]. URL http://media.rmk.ee/files/Rakendusuuringu%20lopparuanne_Kodusoometsad.pdf [Accessed 8 November 2017]. (In Estonian).]Search in Google Scholar
[Salm, J.-O., Kimmel, K., Uri, V., Mander, Ü. 2009. Global warming potential of drained and undrained peatlands in Estonia: A synthesis. – Wetlands, 29(4), 1081–1092.10.1672/08-206.1]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
[Santaniello, F., Djupström, L.B., Ranius, T., Weslien, J., Rudolphi, J., Sonesson, J. 2017. Simulated longterm effects of varying tree retention on wood production, dead wood and carbon stock changes. – Journal of Environmental Management, 201, 37–44.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sievänen, R., Salminen, O., Lehtonen, A., Ojanen, P., Liski, J., Ruosteenoja, K., Tuomi, M. 2014. Carbon stock changes of forest land in Finland under different levels of wood use and climate change. – Annals of Forest Science, 71(2), 255–265.]Search in Google Scholar
[Simola, H. 2017. Persistent carbon loss from the humus layer of tilled boreal forest soil. – European Journal of Soil Science. Article in press.10.1111/ejss.12498]Search in Google Scholar
[Sims, A. 2016. Changes in data analysis methodology and results in 2015. Presentation at the Ministry of the Environment on 20nd of Dec., 2016. (Andmeanalüüsi metoodika muudatused ja 2015. a. tulemused. Ettekanne Keskkonnaministeeriumis 20.12.2016). http://www.keskkonnaagentuur.ee/sites/default/files/andmeanaluusi_metoodika_muudatused_ja_2015.pdf [Accessed 8 November 2017]. (In Estonian).]Search in Google Scholar
[Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, S.E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E.M., Biggs, R., Carpenter, S.R., De Vries, W., De Wit, C.A., Folke, C., Gerten, D., Heinke, J., Mace, G.M., Persson, L.M., Ramanathan, V., Reyers, B., Sörlin, S. 2015. Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planeet. – Science, 347 (6223), art. no. 1259855.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sundqvist, E., Vestin, P., Crill, P., Persson, T., Lindroth, A. 2014. Short-term effects of thinning, clear-cutting and stump harvesting on methane ex change in a boreal forest. – Biogeosciences, 11(21), 6095–6105.]Search in Google Scholar
[Zhou, D., Zhao, S. Q., Liu, S., Oeding, J. 2013. A metaanalysis on the impacts of partial cutting on forest structure and carbon storage. – Biogeosciences, 10, 3691–3703.]Search in Google Scholar
[Taylor, A.R., Wang, J.R., Kurz, W.A. 2008. Effects of harvesting intensity on carbon stocks in eastern Canadian red spruce (Picea rubens) forests: An exploratory analysis using the CBM-CFS3 simulation model. – Forest Ecology and Management, 255(10), 3632–3641.]Search in Google Scholar
[Thorpe, H.C., Thomas, S.C., Caspersen, J.P. 2007. Residual- tree growth responses to partial stand harvest in the black spruce (Picea mariana) boreal forest. – Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 37(9), 1563–1571.]Search in Google Scholar
[Triviño, M., Pohjanmies, T., Mazziotta, A., Juutinen, A., Podkopaev, D., Le Tortorec, E., Mönkkönen, M. 2017. Optimizing management to enhance multifunctionality in a boreal forest landscape. – Journal of Applied Ecology, 54(1), 61–70.]Search in Google Scholar
[Trømborg, E., Sjølie, H.K., Bergseng, E., Bolkesjø, T.F., Hofstad, O., Rørstad, P.K., Solberg, B., Sunde, K., 2011. Carbon cycle effects of different strategies for utilisation of forest resources-a review. Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences. 34 pp.]Search in Google Scholar
[Usi, D.A.N., Lal, R. 2017. Carbon Sequestration for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, Cham. 563 pp.]Search in Google Scholar
[Valade, A., Bellassen, V., Magand, C., Luyssaert, S. 2017. Sustaining the sequestration efficiency of the European forest sector. – Forest Ecology and Management, 405, 44–55.]Search in Google Scholar
[Wang, W., Dwivedi, P., Abt R., Khanna, M. 2015. Carbon savings with transatlantic trade in pellets: accounting for market-driven effects. – Environmental Research Letters, 10, 114019.]Search in Google Scholar
[Warren, R., Vanderwal, J., Price, J., Welbergen, J.A., Atkinson, I., Ramirez-Villegas, J., Osborn, T.J., Jarvis, A., Shoo, L.P., Williams, S.E., Lowe, J. 2013. Quantifying the benefit of early climate change mitigation in avoiding biodiversity loss. – Nature Climate Change, 3(7), 678–682.]Search in Google Scholar
[Winjum, J.K., Dixon, R.K., Schroeder, P.E. 1993. Forest management and carbon storage: An analysis of 12 key forest nations. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 70(1–4), 239–257.]Search in Google Scholar
