A comparative study of sustainable industrial heat supply based on economic and thermodynamic factors
y | 02 mar 2018
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Article Category: Research Article
Publicado en línea: 02 mar 2018
Páginas: 145 - 156
Recibido: 05 jul 2017
Aceptado: 20 oct 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/boku-2017-0013
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© 2017 Magdalena Wolf, Tobias Pröll
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Figure 5
Figure 6
Share of each heat production technology depending on the specific investment costs for the HTHP system in the period January 2013 to June 2016Tabelle 6. Erzeugungsrate der einzelnen Wärmebereitstellungsmethoden in Abhängigkeit unterschiedlicher spezifischen Investitionskosten der Wärmepumpe von Jänner 2013 bis Juni 2016
| Specific investment | 1 000 | 750 | 500 | 250 | EUR/kWQ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | % |
| GT | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | % |
| GT-CC | 54.8 | 42.9 | 31.0 | 23.8 | % |
| HTHP | 45.2 | 57.1 | 69.0 | 76.2 | % |
Thermodynamic results of the simulation of the industrial heat supply for gas turbine and gas and steam turbine combined cycle processesTabelle 4. Thermodynamische Ergebnisse der Simulation der industriellen Prozesswärmebereitung mit Gasturbine und Gas- und Dampfturbine
| Gas turbine | ||
|---|---|---|
| 39.01 | % | |
| 45.21 | % | |
| 84.22 | % | |
| 49.82 | % | |
| 221 | MW | |
| 86 | MW | |
| 100 | MW | |
| Gas and steam turbine combined cycle | ||
| 46.49 | % | |
| 35.44 | % | |
| 81.93 | % | |
| 53.44 | % | |
| 282 | MW | |
| 131 | MW | |
| 100 | MW | |
Nomenclature
| capital costs | EUR/a | |
| electricity price | EUR/MWh | |
| gas price | EUR/MWh | |
| Personal costs for operating the HTHP | EUR/a | |
| service costs of the HTHP | EUR/a | |
| costs of heat for the GT and the GT-CC process | EUR/MWh | |
| consumption related costs of heat for the HTHP | EUR/MWh | |
| (fixed) capital and operation costs of heat for the HTHP | EUR/MWh | |
| cumulative costs of heat for the HTHP | EUR/MWh | |
| coefficient of performance | - | |
| imputed depreciation | EUR/a | |
| specific exergy of the fuel | kJ/kg | |
| exergy stream of the fuel | MW | |
| exergy stream of the heat source of the heat pump | MW | |
| exergy stream of the heat | MW | |
| difference of specific enthalpy of the used process heat | kJ/kg | |
| lower heating value | MJ/kg | |
| required rate of return | % | |
| acquisition costs | EUR | |
| imputed interests | EUR/a | |
| mass flow of the fuel | kg/s | |
| mass flow of the steam used as process heat | kg/s | |
| expected life time | a | |
| electric power of the compressor | MW | |
| power of used fuel referred to the lower heating value (LHV) | MW | |
| pressure ratio of the SGT-800 GT process | - | |
| minimum pressure level of the process steam | bar(abs) | |
| heat stream | MW | |
| heat source stream of the heat pump | MW | |
| process heat | MWh | |
| heating power used as process heat | MW | |
| liquidity receipts | EUR | |
| environmental temperature | °C | |
| feedwater temperature of the used process steam | °C | |
| temperature of the heat | °C | |
| turbine outlet temperature of the SGT-800 GT process | °C | |
| outlet temperature of the used process steam | °C |
General performance assumptions for key process componentsTabelle 1. Leistungsangaben und Wirkungsgrade wichtiger Prozesskomponenten
| Parameter | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| ηCompr | 0.80 | - |
| ηmotor | 0.97 | - |
| ηSGT-800 | 0.39 | - |
| pratio SGT-800 | 21.4 : 1 | - |
| TSGT-800, out | 551 | °C |
Technological setting for the heat supply processes for a paper millTabelle 2. Technische Parameter zur Prozesswärmebereitung in der Papierindustrie
| Parameter | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| TFeedwater | 120 | °C |
| T Steam, Out | 142 | °C |
| p Steam, out | 3.8 | bar(abs) |
| Δh | 2232 | kj/kg |
| ṁSteam | 44.8 | kg/s |
| Q̇process | 100 | MW |
Assumptions and calculations for modelling the economic model of the capital related costs of heat productionTabelle 3. Annahmen und Kalkulationen für das ökonomische Model zur Berechnung der Kapitalkosten der Prozesswärmebereitung
| Parameter | A | B | C | D | Unit | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specific acquisition costs | 1 000 | 750 | 500 | 250 | EUR/kWQ | |
| I0 | 100 000 000 | 75 000 000 | 50 000 000 | 25 000 000 | EUR | |
| RW | 0 | EUR | ||||
| n | 20 ( | A | ||||
| t | 6 000 | H | ||||
| i | 5.0 | % | ||||
| QProcess | 600 000 | MWh/a | ||||
| CPersonnel | 40 000 | EUR/a | ||||
| CService | 10 000 | EUR/a | ||||
| DC | 5 000 000 | 3 750 000 | 2 500 000 | 1 250 000 | EUR/a | |
| IC | 2 500 000 | 1 875 000 | 1 250 000 | 625 000 | EUR/a | |
| CoHf, HTHP | 12.58 | 9.46 | 6.33 | 3.21 | EUR/MWh |
Simulation results for the industrial heat pump system assuming three different COP situationsTabelle 5. Simulationsergebnisse für die industrielle Wärmepumpe bei drei unterschiedlichen COP’s
| Heat pump | ||
| 50.0 | °C | |
| 69 | MW | |
| 33 | MW | |
| 100 | MW | |
| 3.0 | - | |
| 59.57 | % | |
| 75.0 | °C | |
| 77 | MW | |
| 25 | MW | |
| 100 | MW | |
| 4.0 | - | |
| 70.15 | % | |
| 90.0 | °C | |
| 82 | MW | |
| 20 | MW | |
| 100 | MW | |
| 5.0 | - | |
| 78.35 | % | |
Greek Letters
| exergetic efficiency of the GT and GT-CC process | - | |
| exergetic efficiency of the heat pump system | - | |
| isentropic efficiency of the compressor | - | |
| net electric efficiency of the GT process referred to the lower heating value (LHV) | - | |
| heat utilization efficiency of the process referred to the lower heating value (LHV) | - | |
| conversion efficiency from the motor | - | |
| gross efficiency of the SGT-800 GT process referred to the lower heating value (LHV) | - | |
| total fuel utilization efficiency | - |