<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The main objectives of this paper are to correctly define the equivalent Thévenin and Norton circuits and to presents the complete and exact proof of Thévenin and Norton theorems. These circuits allow the separation of the linear portions of the electronic circuits from the nonlinear ones and in this way the polarization process of the electronic devices becomes much more efficient. When linear and/or nonlinear analyzed circuits have a small number of nonlinear circuit elements, their analysis, synthesis, and simulation are performed much more efficiently if the nonlinear part of the circuit is separated from the linear one. By determining the equivalent Thévenin or Norton circuits in relation to the load to connected terminals of a system with two or more magnetic coupled coils, that are part of the wireless power transfer systems, optimal load parameters are determined so that the maximum active power is transmitted to the load.
</abstract>

The Equivalent Circuits Thévenin and Norton

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This paper article aims to explore the study of different network topologies using Cisco Packet Tracer as the primary investigative tool. 
</abstract>

Study of Different Network Topologies Using Cisco Packet Tracer

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nowadays, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is more present in any standard evaluation of a product or process. In automotive industry, the IEC 61508 Standard adapted the ISO 26262 restrictions for Electrical and Electronic Devices. Conducting an FMEA reduces the costs by focusing on preventing failures, improving safety and increasing customer satisfaction. This paper presents a case study of a FMEA on a CAN (Controller Area Network) Bus Harness considering the entire process from defining the scope and building the team, to the action plan that will reduce the Risk Priority Number below the acceptable risk value. Also, the brainstorming that identifies the possible failure modes is presented.</abstract>

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Automotive Industry: A Case Study

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) is necessary to keep the terminal voltage of a loaded alternator constant. It is widely used to increase the regulation and stability of synchronous alternators especially in bulk power plants where efficiency and stability is of paramount importance. The AVR is a feedback controller that varies the excitation of the alternator to support a constant output voltage by increasing or decreasing the excitation level of the alternator as the load varies. In this research, the transfer functions of the various stages of the AVR are decided for the purpose of the design of the Voltage Regulator. The performance of the AVR is decided by the basic no load and load test on the alternator. The results show that there was tremendous improvement in the terminal voltage of the alternator with the AVR and a significant drop in the terminal voltage of the alternator without the AVR.
</abstract>

Design and Construction of an Automatic Voltage Regulator for a Synchronous Alternator

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Nowadays, the use of quadcopters in daily life has become important due to its capabilities and ability to carry out many tasks in many fields like civil, military, industrial, and agricultural fields. The modelling of the quadcopter and deeply understanding its movements is very important to ensure that the simulations of its behaviour are as close as possible to reality and also helps us to design a flight controller. In this work, we used a modern technique on MATLAB (Simscape) to simulate a quadcopter in real-time. At first, we build a quadcopter using Simscape multibody then we simulated the PID regulator, the command algorithms, and the motor model with the applied forces on the body to achieve the global model that we can use to study the movement of the quadcopter on the three-axis which ensure a stable functioning. The results obtained show the stability of the four movements of the quadcopter (roll, pitch, yaw, and altitude).
</abstract>

Quadcopter Prototype Stability Analysis Using Matlab Simscape Library

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Photovoltaic (PVS) generators’ nonlinear electrical characteristics allow for greater performance and efficiency when they are forced to operate at their peak power (MPP). This article suggests an adaptive method for maximizing power point tracking that makes use of artificial neural network (ANN) techniques (MPPT). A step-up converter powered by a separate solar generator is under the control of an ANN controller built on a neural network training database (PVS). The results show that ANN-MPPT has good control performance and is near to the maximum power point of PVS when compared to conventional MPPT methods like perturb and observe and incremental conductance.
</abstract>

Improved Artificial Neural Network Design for MPPT Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Nowadays, there is a legitimization of enhancing managerial processes in professional environment. Efficiently managing resources, processes, and practices is fundamental. Entrepreneurs and public institution managers are actively seeking innovative solutions to achieve organizational goals swiftly, utilizing fewer resources, and minimizing or eradicating human errors. Given the challenging security environment, this paper aims to ascertain whether the public administration can leverage the advantages of Agile Culture implementation within the organizational framework of Romanian Administration. This study embarks on a structured literature review focusing on three pivotal pillars: organizational culture, Agile Culture, and Romanian public administration. It scrutinizes the feasibility of implementing Agile Culture within the organizational landscape of the Romanian Public Sector, situated within an integrative framework delineated by the current security context.
</abstract>

Compatibility between Agile Culture and Romanian Public Administration in the context of National Security Environment

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The aim of this article is to present monitoring system management using the AGILE SCRUM Methodology and microprocessors based systems for temperature monitorization of a grain reception base for organic wheat. In this article is presented the well-detailed proof of concept for a web-based temperature monitoring system, using Arduino and temperature sensors for temperature monitorization and AGILE SCRUM Methodology for software development management. In this way, the operators from grain reception base will be able to monitor the temperature from different halls, build from different materials, remotely.
</abstract>

Monitoring System Management for Organic Wheat Reception Base

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Three different types of MPPT techniques will be studied and compared in this work. MPPT is a technology for maximizing the power produced by solar energy systems. Fuzzy logic-based control (FLC), one of the most widely utilized MPPT approaches, is examined, perturbation and monitoring (P&amp;O), and plug-in (Inc). The power and effectiveness of a solar energy system with lead-acid batteries for storage, an energy management plan, and associated photovoltaics In order to confirm the benefit, FL-MPPT was examined in this study, and the performance of its algorithm was compared and evaluated. Using both techniques, P&amp;O and Inc. Using Matlab/Simulink 2018-a tools, simulation results showed that the power quality was higher using MPPTFLC.
</abstract>

Etude and Optimization of MPPT Controllers in Photovoltaic Systems with Battery Energy Storage

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>

Increased distributed generation (DG) integration into power system via power electronic devices results in a reduction in the total equivalent inertia of power grid utility, which lead to serve frequency stability and performance degradation of the power system. To facilitate the penetration of DG into the power grid utility, improved control schemes of the power electronics converter based DG are required to improve the system stability when it is dominated by DG based inverter. A virtual synchronous generator (VSG ) approach is suggested, which consists in controlling the static power converter to mimic the essential dynamic behavior of the conventional synchronous generator.
The main objective of this paper is to review the most recent topologies of virtual inertia control. Along this work, a detail description of each topology is presented. In addition, VSG control equations given voltage and frequency control is explained in detail. The VSG problems and future research on VSG control are discussed.
</abstract>

A Review of Recent Control Trchniques of Virtual Synchronous Machine for Renewable Energy

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Future Algerian agricultural projects are oriented to the Sahara. Knowing that generally electrical energy is supplied largely by Generator Diesel (DGs). Due to the difficulty and lack of land roads for these desert areas, which creates fluctuations in the fuel supply process for farmers. In order to find a solution to mitigate this fluctuation requires the use of modern technology such as the hybridization of local renewable energy such as solar energy. Our system consists of the integration of a photogenerator (PVG) with a DG to feed a synchronous motor coupled to a central water pump controlled by means of transformers. This work presents an intelligent approach for improving and optimizing the control performance of a system using the Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method. In this article, we will analyze a contribution to the use of a hybrid energy system (PVG-DG) according to a management strategy whose purpose is to reduce energy costs and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (CO2). Our simulation results presented at the end of the article have demonstrated the efficiency and flexibility of the Matlab simulated techniques system based on the actual geographic information of the study area to validate the performance of the proposed system. Which can be used in other practical studies in the future.
</abstract>

Power Control Energy of a Pumping System (Photovoltaic- Diesel)

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
For didactic purposes, the aim of this work was to improve a simulation model of surface electromyographic (sEMG) signal by taking into consideration the shortcomings of previously developed models. This model started with the simulation of the single fibre action potential (SFAP), then the model of the single motor unit action potential (MUAP), afterwards the imitation of the train of MUAP and finally the modellig of the resultant sEMG signal which is the sum of the MUAPs trains. SFAP simulation was based on: i) the description of the volume conductor model which is composed of four layers (bone, muscle, fat and skin), ii) the description of the electrodes shapes and sizes as well as spatial filters, iii) and the transmebrane current. The proposed model shows its effectiveness in the possibility of carrying out practical work by simulation on the modelling of SFAP, MUAP, MUAPT and the sEMG signal. The most important result of this model is that signal processing tools can be applied to analyze and interpret real-world phenomena such as the effects of physiological, non physiological and sensing system parameters on the shape of the simulated sEMG signal.
</abstract>

Simulated Surface Electromyographic (SEMG) Signal Generation and Detection Model

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nowadays, phasor measurement units have many applications in the power network. Fault location using the network’s impedance matrix and phasor measurement units (PMU) is a subject that has been recently brought to the location light. In this research, we review the effect of the increased number of PMUs on the precision of the fault location. The method presented in this study uses the impedance transferring between these units and the fault location based on the fault distance. In the suggested method, the uncertainty on the network’s parameters has been considered and using the least-squares of faults, we can obtain the most optimal response. The advantage of this method is that it is not affected by the fault type and resistance of the short connection. In the end, the suggested method is implemented on the 14 bus distribution network and its performance has been evaluated.</abstract>

Fault Location in Distribution Network Based on Phasor Measurement Units (PMU)

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> In line with the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC), EU member states have intensified their efforts to increase the share of renewable energy in energy supply. Renewable energy sources will be a challenge for the current district heating concept, requiring system flexibility both in terms of heat supply and heat consumption. Besides, they are hard to accommodate in areas with high population density, as it is the case with many towns and cities. The municipalities will have to identify suitable locations, which in turn will lead to distributed heat supply. The requirement of the 2010/31/EU (EPBD) Directive that all new buildings will have to be nearzero energy buildings will result in buildings fitted with solar collectors; some buildings will produce more energy than they can use. To accommodate all these challenges, the scientists have come up with the new concept of Thermal Smart Grids. The renewable energy will then be shared with the whole district heating grid, and the network will also be used for heat storage when consumption is lower than production. Smart thermal grids are expected to be an integrated part of the future smart energy systems, integrated electricity, gas and thermal grids.</abstract>

UTCB Technical University of Civil Engineering, 122-124 Lacul Tei Blvd, 020396 Bucharest, Romania

ASRO Romanian Association for Standardization, 21-25 Mendeleev Street, 010362 Bucharest,

Smart Thermal Grids – A Review

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nowadays, many factors lead to selection and utilization of distributed generations (DG) in distributed networks. But more penetration of DG's in network faced with problem due to existence of passive and inactive distribution networks. One of these essential issues is voltage rise due to injection of active power generated by DG's. That in this paper, control strategies for controlling of voltage profile of distribution network and adjustment of increase of DG's penetration is assessed and an optimal strategy for voltage rise with mathematical formulation is presented that will include both local and coordinated control approaches of reactive power generation. Finally, in this paper an implementation plan with smart control tools of DG's is suggested.</abstract>

Voltage Control in Distribution Networks in Presence of Distributed Generators Based on Local and Coordinated Control Structures

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Developing Artificial Intelligence is a labor intensive task. It implies both storage and computational resources. In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art service based infrastructure for deploying, managing and serving computational models alongside their respective data-sets and virtual environments. Our architecture uses key-based values to store specific graphs and datasets into memory for fast deployment and model training, furthermore leveraging the need for manual data reduction in the drafting and retraining stages. To develop the platform, we used clustering and orchestration to set up services and containers that allow deployment within seconds. In this article, we cover high performance computing concepts such as swarming, GPU resource management for model implementation in production environments with emphasis on standardized development to reduce integration tasks and performance optimization.</abstract>

Innovative Devops for Artificial Intelligence

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Informational capabilities of microwave and optical tools for environmental monitoring are assessed when they are located on the mobile platforms. This paper presents new approach to the combined use of microwave and optical sensors as basic elements of environmental monitoring system architecture oriented on the registration of information about characteristics of hydrological and hydrochemical objects. Geoecological in-formation-modeling system (GIMS) is proposed as the GIS generalization with regard to the solution of series of the tasks arising in the agriculture, water quality assessment and operational diagnostics of stressful natural processes. Algorithms and models are characterized to be as the GIMS components that realize the decision making procedures providing the monitoring regime optimization and reconstruction of spatial image of the controlled environmental object using anisotropic data fluxes. Functional characteristics of several mobile platforms equipped by microwave radiometers are given as tools for the monitoring of hydrological objects. Two optical instruments are represented and their functions are characterized. </abstract>

INFORMATION-INSTRUMENTAL TOOLS OF MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In this paper is presented the change request management approach of a web-based application which represents an online marketplace for local producers. Nowadays, for all type of businesses, working both offline and online is a must. In digitalization era, the fast development of a compact online marketplace platform involves both a well-established project plan and change management control system.
</abstract>

Marketing Online Using Change Request Management

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The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty

 Although the beginning of higher education in Targoviste has its roots in the Middle Ages, it became official and institutionalized after 1990, when, on the 1st of June...

 Although the beginning of higher education in Targoviste has its roots in the Middle Ages, it became official and institutionalized after...