<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p>Diaspora researchers work in one country but have ancestral origins in another, either through moves during a research career (mobile diaspora researchers) or by starting research in the target country (embedded diaspora researchers). Whilst mobile researchers might be tracked through affiliation changes in bibliometric databases, embedded researchers cannot. This article reports an evidence-based discussion of which countries’ diaspora researchers can be partially tracked using first or last names, addressing this limitation.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>
<p>A frequency analysis of first and last names of authors of all Scopus journal articles 2001-2021 for 200 countries or regions.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>There are great variations in the extent to which first or last names are uniquely national, from Monserrat (no unique first names) to Thailand (81% unique last names). Nevertheless, most countries have a subset of first or last names that are relatively unique. For the 50 countries with the most researchers, authors with relatively national names are always more likely to research their name-associated country, suggesting a continued national association. Lists of researchers’ first and last name frequencies and proportions are provided for 200 countries/regions.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Research limitations</h3>
<p>Only one period is tracked (2001-2021) and no attempt was made to validate the ancestral origins of any researcher.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Practical implications</h3>
<p>Simple name heuristics can be used to identify the international spread of a sample of most countries’ diaspora researchers, but some manual checks of individual names are needed to weed out false matches. This can supplement mobile researcher data from bibliometric databases.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Originality/value</h3>
<p>This is the first attempt to list name associations for the authors of all countries and large regions, and to identify the countries for which diaspora researchers could be tracked by name.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Can first or last name uniqueness help to identify diaspora researchers from any country?

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p>The aim of this study is to analyze the evolution of international research collaboration from 1980 to 2021. The study examines the main global patterns as well as those specific to individual countries, country groups, and different areas of research.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>
<p>The study is based on the Web of Science Core collection database. More than 50 million publications are analyzed using co-authorship data. International collaboration is defined as publications having authors affiliated with institutions located in more than one country.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>At the global level, the share of publications representing international collaboration has gradually increased from 4.7% in 1980 to 25.7% in 2021. The proportion of such publications within each country is higher and, in 2021, varied from less than 30% to more than 90%. There are notable disparities in the temporal trends, indicating that the process of internationalization has impacted countries in different ways. Several factors such as country size, income level, and geopolitics may explain the variance.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Research limitations</h3>
<p>Not all international research collaboration results in joint co-authored scientific publications. International co-authorship is a partial indicator of such collaboration. Another limitation is that the applied full counting method does not take into account the number of authors representing in each country in the publication.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Practical implications</h3>
<p>The study provides global averages, indicators, and concepts that can provide a useful framework of reference for further comparative studies of international research collaboration.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Originality/value</h3>
<p>Long-term macro-level studies of international collaboration are rare, and as a novelty, this study includes an analysis by the World Bank’s division of countries into four income groups.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Global trends in international research collaboration, 1980-2021<xref ref-type="fn" rid="j_jdis-2023-0015_fn_001"><sup>①</sup></xref>

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p>With the availability of large-scale scholarly datasets, scientists from various domains hope to understand the underlying mechanisms behind science, forming a vibrant area of inquiry in the emerging “science of science” field. As the results from the science of science often has strong policy implications, understanding the causal relationships between variables becomes prominent. However, the most credible quasi-experimental method among all causal inference methods, and a highly valuable tool in the empirical toolkit, Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) has not been fully exploited in the field of science of science. In this paper, we provide a systematic survey of the RDD method, and its practical applications in the science of science.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>
<p>First, we introduce the basic assumptions, mathematical notations, and two types of RDD, i.e., sharp and fuzzy RDD. Second, we use the Web of Science and the Microsoft Academic Graph datasets to study the evolution and citation patterns of RDD papers. Moreover, we provide a systematic survey of the applications of RDD methodologies in various scientific domains, as well as in the science of science. Finally, we demonstrate a case study to estimate the effect of Head Start Funding Proposals on child mortality.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>RDD was almost neglected for 30 years after it was first introduced in 1960. Afterward, scientists used mathematical and economic tools to develop the RDD methodology. After 2010, RDD methods showed strong applications in various domains, including medicine, psychology, political science and environmental science. However, we also notice that the RDD method has not been well developed in science of science research.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Research Limitations</h3>
<p>This work uses a keyword search to obtain RDD papers, which may neglect some related work. Additionally, our work does not aim to develop rigorous mathematical and technical details of RDD but rather focuses on its intuitions and applications.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Practical implications</h3>
<p>This work proposes how to use the RDD method in science of science research.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Originality/value</h3>
<p>This work systematically introduces the RDD, and calls for the awareness of using such a method in the field of science of science.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Regression discontinuity design and its applications to Science of Science: A survey

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p>This study examines the effects of using publication-based metrics for the initial screening in the application process for a project leader. The key questions are whether formal policy affects the allocation of funds to researchers with a better publication record and how the previous academic performance of principal investigators is related to future project results.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>
<p>We compared two competitions, before and after the policy raised the publication threshold for the principal investigators. We analyzed 9,167 papers published by 332 winners in physics and the social sciences and humanities (SSH), and 11,253 publications resulting from each funded project.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>We found that among physicists, even in the first period, grants tended to be allocated to prolific authors publishing in high-quality journals. In contrast, the SSH project grantees had been less prolific in publishing internationally in both periods; however, in the second period, the selection of grant recipients yielded better results regarding awarding grants to more productive authors in terms of the quantity and quality of publications. There was no evidence that this better selection of grant recipients resulted in better publication records during grant realization.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Originality</h3>
<p>This study contributes to the discussion of formal policies that rely on metrics for the evaluation of grant proposals. The Russian case shows that such policy may have a profound effect on changing the supply side of applicants, especially in disciplines that are less suitable for metric-based evaluations. In spite of the criticism given to metrics, they might be a useful additional instrument in academic systems where professional expertise is corrupted and prevents allocation of funds to prolific researchers.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Evaluating grant proposals: lessons from using metrics as screening device

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p>Nearly 122 scientific journals are currently being published in Armenia—of which only six are indexed by WoS and/or Scopus databases. The majority of the national journals are published in the Armenian language, solely possessing abstracts written in English, although there are also English-language and multi-language journals with articles not only in Armenian but also in other foreign languages. The aim of this article is to study the visibility of the (non-indexed) national Armenian journals in the WoS database through citation analysis. In consideration of the existence of a relevant Armenian “diaspora” in the world, this article also attempts to estimate its impact in terms of citation statistics.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>
<p>For this end, we have identified citations to the national/domestic Armenian journals in the WoS database in comparison with the share of citations received from “diaspora” researchers (researchers of Armenian origin born in foreign countries and those originally from Armenia who have emigrated to foreign countries).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>Among the 116 Armenian domestic journals analyzed (not indexed by WoS), only 47 were found to be cited in WoS. Of these journals, almost 12% are citations by “diaspora” researchers, most of which concern Social Science and Humanities journals.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Research limitations</h3>
<p>Although the surnames of Armenians end with -i(y)an, sometimes, the Diaspora Armenians, surnames are changed or modified or they are not ending with -i(y)an, in this case we may fail to identify them.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Practical implications</h3>
<p>This study can help to build new, more deep and comprehensive relations with scientific diasporas.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Originality/value</h3>
<p>This study offers a new understanding of multifaced research collaboration with scientific diasporas and their role in internationalization of domestic journals.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

International visibility of Armenian domestic journals: the role of scientific diaspora

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Cancer research is occasionally described as being in a reproducibility crisis. The cancer literature has ample papers retracted due to misconduct, including the use of paper mills, invalid authorship, or fake data. The objective of this paper was to gain an appreciation of the balance of retractions and associated retraction notices of 23 retracted <italic>Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals</italic> papers associated with paper mills. By 23 March 2023, these retracted papers had already accumulated 287 citations according to Web of Science Core Collection, 253 according to Scopus, and 365 according to Google Scholar, i.e., metrically speaking, they were highly rewarded. All authors had an affiliation (71% being a hospital) in China. Most (12/21; 57%) of corresponding authors had emails with a @163.com suffix. Four of the retraction notices (i.e., 17%) explicitly indicated paper mills as a reason for retraction although, in general, the retraction notices lacked details and background that could assist readers’ understanding of the retractions.</p>
</abstract>

Assessment of retracted papers, and their retraction notices, from a cancer journal associated with “paper mills”

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Journal of Data and Information Science

Journal of Data and Information Science (JDIS, formerly Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science), sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and published quarterly by the National Science Library of CAS, is the first internationally published English-language academic journal in Library and Information Science and related fields from China.  The Journal of Data and Information Science (JDIS) focuses on data-based research oriented toward the exploration of scientific research and innovation. The main areas of interest are science of science, evidence-based policymaking, research evaluation, computational social science, and scientometrics/bibliometrics/altmetrics/ informetrics. Emphasis is given to research that focuses on data, analytics, and knowledge discovery, and supports decision making and science policy. This includes modeling, innovation, data security, media and communications, and social development. Topics may include studies of metadata or full content data, text or non-textural data, structured or non-structural data, domain-specific or cross-domain data, and dynamic or interactive data.  Specific topic areas may include (but are not limited to):    Knowledge organization  Knowledge discovery and data mining  Knowledge integration and fusion  Semantic Web  Science of science  Bibliometrics and scientometrics  Analytic and diagnostic informetrics  Competitive intelligence  Predictive analysis  Social network analysis and metrics  Semantic and interactively analytic retrieval  Evidence-based policy analysis  Intelligent knowledge production  Knowledge-driven workflow management and decision-making  Knowledge-driven collaboration and its management  Domain knowledge infrastructure with knowledge fusion and analytics  Training for data &amp; information scientists  Development of data and information services    JDIS publishes theoretical and empirical work. Systematic reviews are welcome and applied research in development of advanced methods, services, and best practices is also an important part. But simple application of established informetrics on a specific research field or country is out of the scope.Welcome to submit your papers to JDIS.  Why subscribe and read  JDIS is the first and only English journal from China in Library and Information Science and related fields. With an aim to disseminate the cutting-edge research in these fields, it is devoted to the study and application of the theories, methods, techniques, services, and infrastructural facilities using big data to support knowledge discovery for decision and policy making. The basic emphasis is big data-based, analytics centered, knowledge discovery driven, and decision making supporting. JDIS has gathered a big body of high profile experts across the world who contribute their research to the journal. The international authors account for around 62% in its first publication year (2016).  Why submit  JDIS is the first and only English journal from China in Library and Information Science and related fields. It owns a number of world front-line scholars as editorial board members or reviewers. The turnaround time on average for a manuscript from submission to final decision is less than two and a half months.  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico- digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Journal of Data and Information Science

Volume 8 (2023): Issue 2 (April 2023)

Can first or last name uniqueness help to identify diaspora researchers from any country?

Global trends in international research collaboration, 1980-2021^①

Regression discontinuity design and its applications to Science of Science: A survey

Evaluating grant proposals: lessons from using metrics as screening device

International visibility of Armenian domestic journals: the role of scientific diaspora

Assessment of retracted papers, and their retraction notices, from a cancer journal associated with “paper mills”

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Journal of Data and Information Science

Volume 8 (2023): Issue 2 (April 2023)

Can first or last name uniqueness help to identify diaspora researchers from any country?

Global trends in international research collaboration, 1980-2021①

Regression discontinuity design and its applications to Science of Science: A survey

Evaluating grant proposals: lessons from using metrics as screening device

International visibility of Armenian domestic journals: the role of scientific diaspora

Assessment of retracted papers, and their retraction notices, from a cancer journal associated with “paper mills”

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Alle Bände und Hefte dieser Zeitschrift

Global trends in international research collaboration, 1980-2021^①