<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

In this work, the response of temperate coniferous forests to ozone air pollution (O3) in the mountain environment of the High Tatra Mts. (Western Carpathians) was analyzed. The modelling of stomatal O3 flux is a complex method for the estimation of phytotoxicity of O3 pollution to forest vegetation. Stomatal flux-based critical levels (<italic>CLef</italic>) for effects of O3 on radial growth take into account the varying influences of O3 concentration, meteorological variables, soil properties, and phenology. The application of the model DO3SE (Deposition of Ozone for Stomatal Exchange) at five experimental plots with altitudes varying from 810 to 1,778 m a.s.l. along vertical and spatial profile in the High Tatra Mts. revealed the high phytotoxic potential of O3 on spruce forests during the growing season 2014. The accumulated stomatal O3 flux above a threshold of Y (1 nmol m−2 s−1), i.e. POD1 (Phytotoxic Ozone Dose) ranged from 13.6 mmol m−2 at the Kolové pleso site (1,570 m a.s.l.) to 16.2 mmol m−2 at Skalnaté Pleso site (1,778 m a.s.l.). <italic>CLef</italic> for POD1 (8 mmol m−2) recommended for the protection of spruce forests were exceeded at all experimental plots from early July. Similarly, AOT40 index suggests vulnerability of mountain forests to O3 pollution. AOT40 values increased with altitude and reached values varying from 6.2 ppm h in Stará Lesná (810 m a.s.l.) to 10.7 ppm h at Skalnaté Pleso close to the timber line (1,778 m a.s.l.). Concentration-based critical level (<italic>CLec</italic>) of 5,000 ppb h was exceeded from June to August and was different for each experimental site.
</abstract>

Ozone phytotoxicity in the Western Carpathian Mountains in Slovakia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

In forest management, natural conditions have long been systemized by groups of forest habitat types (GFHT). Based on them, appropriate economic measures can be taken and economic efficiency of silviculture calculated. Management intensity, the term related only to timber production in the past, has recently been defined more broadly within the sustainable, close-to-nature forest management concept. It includes economic-ecological and efficient management, and reflects potential production as well as ecological effects of forest stands. Nature and natural development are preferred where artificial interventions are unnecessary (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_forj-2016-0009_ref_010">Plíva 2000</xref>). This concept uses a specific GFHT as the elementary unit as it allows to exactly identify ecological and economic potential, management measures, quantification and monetary expression of elementary components of economic efficiency. Such optimization of management measures and their economic projections analysis can be considered a comprehensive biological-ecological-economic analysis.
</abstract>

Forest management economics based on forest typology

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Stem quality and damage was evaluated in mixed spruce-fir-beech stands. Moreover, an assortments structure was determined with their financial value. Results were compared with pure spruce (<italic>Picea abies</italic> [L.] Karst.), fir (<italic>Abies alba</italic> Mill.) and beech (<italic>Fagus sylvatica</italic> L.) stands. Repeated measurements on 31 long-term research plots, stand assortment models, assortment yield models and value yield models were used. Stem quality of fir and spruce was only slightly lower in mixed stands compared to pure stands but beech stem quality was considerably worse in mixed stands. Fir and spruce had slightly lower proportions of better IIIA quality logs and higher proportions of IIIB quality in mixed stands. Beech had worse assortment structure than spruce and fir, in general. Pure beech stands had higher proportions of better I–IIIA quality assortments than mixed stands by 1–7%. Fir and spruce average value production (€ m−3) culminated at about 56 and 62 cm mean diameters. Almost the same value production was found in pure stands. In these stands it culminated at the mean diameter of 58 and 60 cm. Beech produced substantially less value on the same sites. In mixed stands, its value production culminated at the mean diameter of 40 cm. In pure stands, it culminated at the mean diameter of 36 cm. Although the production was found to be similar in both mixed and pure forests, higher damage intensity and less stem quality in mixed forests suggest that the pure forests can be more profitable.
</abstract>

National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 2175/22, SK – 960 92 Zvolen,

Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK – 960 53 Zvolen,

Wood quality and value production in mixed fir-spruce-beech stands: long-term research in the Western Carpathians

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Since the last decades, natural disturbances in forests including protected areas have intensified. They have the potential to impact visual quality and safety of visitors as well as spread beyond protected area boundaries. While economic and ecological impacts are well studied, there is still a lack of work focused on human dimensions and social aspects. This study examines visitor perceptions towards bark beetle infestation in Tatra National Park, Poland. The findings, based on visitor surveys collected during the summer of 2014, indicate the significance of different factors influencing visitor attitudes towards the bark beetle. Age of visitors and importance of the bark beetle issue for them (based on subjective ratings of importance of bark beetle issue for respondents) are the most prominent variables. Also place of origin and environmental worldview were recognized as significantly important variables in accordance with similar studies. Results suggest management implications for park authorities including public relations and environmental education in order to increase knowledge and support for natural disturbance and ecological integrity policies in the national park.
</abstract>

Tatra National Park, ul. Kuźnice 1, 34-500 Zakopane,

Polish Academy of Sciences, al. A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków,

Perceptions of natural disturbance in Tatra National Park, Poland

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Selected forestry parameters were investigated in the system of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city along a gradient of recreational transformation. We investigated vitality, age structure and health conditions of woody plants (<italic>Acer platanoides</italic> L., <italic>Aesculus hippocastanum</italic> L., <italic>Carpinus betulus</italic> L., <italic>Frangula alnus</italic> Mill., <italic>Pinus sylvestris</italic> L., <italic>Quercus robur</italic> L., <italic>Q. rubra</italic> L., <italic>Sambucus nigra</italic> L., <italic>Tilia cordata</italic> Mill.), and species, systematic, trophic and spatial compositions of xylotrophic fungi (27 species of xylotrophs representing 22 genera, 16 families, 6 orders of divisions Basidiomycota; class Agaricomycetes). The results showed that the communities of tree vegetation and xylotrophic fungi in parks depend on the degree of recreational transformation of the environment. Vitality, age structure and health conditions of trees altered species composition of xylotrophs.
</abstract>

Communities of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city, Ukraine

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Wind is both an ecological provider and disturbance facilitator influences trees and other organisms in forests. Impacts of wind on induvidual trees and forests mainly depend on the strength (or intensity) of the wind and the stability of the trees. Wind causes large-scale damage to forests and serious economical losses for the forestry sector within Europe. Therefore, knowledge of interactions between wind and trees and/or forests provides the baseline for developing adequate prevention or mitigation of the negative consequences associated with wind disturbances in forest ecosystems. Herein, we analyse the wind as an ecological and disturbance factor in forests in Europe, emphasising forests in Slovakia. Here, strong winds destroy mostly spruce dominated forests in the following regions; Orava, High and Low Tatra Mountains, Great Fatra Mountains, Pohronie, Poľana Mountains and Slovak Ore Mountains. Increasing volumes of timber damaged by windstorms have been documented since 1961, with the maximum damage recorded in 2004. Yearly volumes of damaged timber of approximately 2.5 mil. m3 are predicted from 2016 to 2030. This highlights the data requirement regarding wind disturbances for integrated forest protection against dangerous winds and other disturbance agents in forest ecosystems in Slovakia and other European countries.
</abstract>

Czech University of Life Science Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, CZ – 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol,

Wind – an important ecological factor and destructive agent in forests

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Central European Forestry Journal

Central European Forestry Journal (published as Lesnícky Èasopis - Forestry Journal until 2016) publishes novel science originating from research in forestry and related braches. Central European Forestry Journal is a professional peer-reviewed scientific journal published 4-time a year. The journal contains original papers and review papers of basic and applied research from all fields of forestry and related disciplines. The editorial office accepts the manuscripts within the focus of the journal exclusively in English language.  The journal does not have article processing charges (APCs) nor article submission charges.  Central European Forestry Journal, abbreviation: Cent. Eur. For. J., publishes original papers and review papers of basic and applied research from all fields of forestry and related scientific areas.  The journal focuses on forestry issues relevant for Europe, primarily Central European regions. Original works and review papers can be submitted only in English language.  The corresponding author is responsible for the originality of the submitted manuscript. The manuscript must not be submitted for review or publication elsewhere at the same time.  The content and the format of the submitted papers are peer-reviewed by at least two reviewers (i.e. double blind peer review). The editor of the journal decides on the acceptance, rejection, or the need for the revision of the paper upon the reviews. If the editor decides that the manuscript needs to be revised, the authors are obliged to prepare a letter, in which they react to fundamental reviewers’ comments.  Aspects of forest ecology, management planning, protection, monitoring, economics, but also silviculture, game management, landscape creation and ecology, interactions between forestry and wood processing sectors in the Central and also other regions of Europe.  Why subscribe and read  Central European Forestry Journal presents the new knowledge, experiences and information from forestry research and science and related fields from the Central but also other regions of Europe. The journal is a platform for contacts of the Central Europe scientific community in these sectors.  Why submit  Central European Forestry Journal has over a 60-year tradition in the Slovak Republic. It has been issued since 1954 under the auspices of the Slovak Academy of Sciences as a journal for forestry science and research in the former Czechoslovakia. Currently it is issued by the National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute Zvolen (the Slovak Republic) together with the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences　(the Czech Republic).  The recent contributors of papers are researchers from forestry and related fields originating from scientific and research institutions, universities in Slovakia, Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Ukraine and other European countries.  Rejection rate:   42% (2021)  Copyrights Policy  This journal provides immediate open access to its content under the Creative Commons BY 4.0 license. Authors who publish with this journal retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY 4.0 license.  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 