Rare cancers are common: time to act

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fco-2019-0017_s_006_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1aab1c15b1Aa"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Pancreatic tumors are reported rarely in childhood and represent an extremely rare entity in Pediatric Oncology. One of the least common types of pediatric pancreatic tumor is acinar cell carcinoma (ACC). We aim to present a rare case of ACC and the difficulties we faced during diagnosis and treatment.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2019-0017_s_007_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1aab1c15b2Aa"><h3>Patient and Methods</h3><p>An 8-year old girl presented with jaundice. Workup revealed a tumor originating from the head of the pancreas with multiple metastatic lesions in her liver. Evaluation of tumor markers revealed elevated levels of AFP. Pathology report was indicative of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2019-0017_s_008_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1aab1c15b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>After consulting the EXPeRT group (European Cooperative Study Group for Pediatric Rare Tumors), chemotherapy was initiated. Partial response was observed after the first 4 courses with decrease of AFP levels. While planning her surgery, AFP elevated and a second-line course of chemotherapy was administered. Our patient underwent Whipple’s Duodenopancreatectomy with partial metastasectomy. Although the postoperative period was uneventful, AFP continued to rise even after postoperative chemotherapy was administered. There were signs of metastatic disease progression. Our patient received a third-line regimen with no improvement. She received local radiotherapy and a next-line chemotherapy course. Local relapse and metastatic disease progression placed our patient in palliative care. She passed away nine months after the initial diagnosis.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2019-0017_s_009_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1aab1c15b4Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare type of pediatric cancer with very challenging diagnosis and treatment. Cooperation at the European level and multicenter management of those rare cases is vital for the optimum outcome.</p></sec></abstract>

Acinar cell carcinoma in childhood: A case report of a very rare tumor

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fco-2019-0023_s_005_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c15b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Desmoid tumors/aggressive fibromatosis (DTs/AF) are cytological bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. The exact cause still remains unknown, however, they may present sporadically or as a manifestation of a hereditary syndrome called familial adenomatous polyposis <italic>(FAP</italic>). Although they lack the capacity to establish metastases, DTs/AF may be devastated and occasionally fatal. As a result of the heterogeneity of DTs/AF, treatment needs to be individualized to improve local tumor control and maintain patients’ quality of life. Therefore, after a multidisciplinary approach, all treatment options should be discussed with patients. Where systemic chemotherapy has been shown to be unsuccessful with marked side effects in case of advanced DTs/AF, new therapeutic options are needed.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2019-0023_s_006_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c15b2Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>A Medline search was conducted and published articles in different studies from 2000 to the present were reviewed.</p></sec><sec id="j_fco-2019-0023_s_007_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c15b3Aa"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>More research is needed to illustrate both the prognostic and predictive factors of the targeted therapy and the value of their combinations with or without other treatment modalities to get the best result for the treatment of advanced DTs/AF.</p></sec></abstract>

Targeted therapy in advanced desmoid tumors: Current perspectives

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Though Yoga has originated in India, its scientific use to alleviate the sufferings of cancer patients in India is thin. There are very few published studies on yoga intervention for cancer patients from India. The objective of this review was to analyze the studies that have used yoga as an adjuvant for cancer treatment. Literature searches were made in PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Proquest and Science Direct for retrieving the related studies. Data were analyzed according to the objective. The compiled results show that yoga and pranayama interventions for cancer patients in India focused mostly on psychological aspects like anxiety and depression. Few studies have explored deep into the mechanisms by which the interventions produce the desired effects. Only very few researchers have analyzed the genetic or biochemical changes that occur in the human body as a result of practicing yoga. Currently, the focus is generally on breast cancer. Researches with yoga and pranayama as an adjuvant for other cancers also need to be experimented.</p></abstract>

Yoga as an Adjuvant for Cancer Patients in India

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Post-surgical recurrence and metastasis remain to be the major concern in oncology. The absence of any therapeutic modality during the interim period between the surgical intervention and initiation of conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy allows the residual cancer cells to proliferate, culminating in recurrence and/or metastasis. Introducing a therapeutic modality during this interim period could suppress the proliferation of the residual tumor cells. Further, as the detrimental effects of conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy drastically reduce the patient’s quality of life, use of therapeutic modality with localized effect can reduce the risk of systemic toxicity. Thus, the present manuscript reviews the potential use of scaffold-mediated local chemotherapy in oncology. Its localized effect would prevent systemic toxicity, while the scaffold serves as an ideal vehicle for the sustained targeted delivery of therapeutic agents.</p></abstract>

Reviewing the potential use of scaffold-mediated localized chemotherapy in oncology

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Forum of Clinical Oncology

Volume 11 (2020): Issue 3 (December 2020)

Editorial

Rare cancers are common: time to act

Research Article

Acinar cell carcinoma in childhood: A case report of a very rare tumor

Targeted therapy in advanced desmoid tumors: Current perspectives

Yoga as an Adjuvant for Cancer Patients in India

Reviewing the potential use of scaffold-mediated localized chemotherapy in oncology

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