<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Individual and group annual rations of Russian sturgeon <italic>Acipenser gueldenstaedtii</italic> are calculated on the basis of models describing the energy balance and dynamics of the number of fish generations with natural mortality depending on age. The structure of the energy balance and its separate components were studied. It is shown that the greatest amount of energy of consumed food by the population is spent on energy process. Individual rations of Russian sturgeon increase with age, whereas group rations decrease. The received results can be used to theoretically estimate the volumes of artificial and natural reproduction that provides the formation of stocks of Russian sturgeon in accordance with the forage productivity of the Caspian Sea.</abstract>

Faculty of Geology & Geography/Innovative Natural Institute

Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Marine Biology

Kazakhstan National University named after Al-Farabi

Theoretical Estimate of Energy Balance and Nutritional Needs of the Population of Russian Sturgeon <italic>Acipenser gueldenstaedtii</italic> in the Caspian Sea

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Industrial revolution is a good indicator of economic development of a country; however, it can be a threat to the flora and fauna if the untreated effluent of an industry is discharged. The present study is aimed to assess the comparative toxicological impacts of treated and untreated industrial effluents on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in <italic>Heteropneustes fossilis</italic> and <italic>Labeo rohita</italic>, the most common edible fishes having diverse characters which include differences in morphology, habitat, food and feeding, etc. The physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphate, sulphate, nitrate, free ammonia, chloride, zinc, iron, chromium and potassium of both untreated and treated effluent from the fertilizer industry were also analyzed as these parameters were not in range as per ISO guidelines. The LC50 value for untreated effluent was 2.34% (v/v) and 0.80% (v/v) for 96 h in <italic>H. fossilis</italic> and <italic>L. rohita</italic>, respectively, while no mortality was recorded in the treated effluent. The AChE activity in both fish species was found to decline in metabolically responsive organs like brain, muscle and gills through exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (1/15th, 1/10th and 1/5th of LC50 value) of the untreated effluent for 96 h. Further studies on biochemical and molecular aspects may reveal the mechanism of their action.</abstract>

Physicochemical Characteristics of Fertilizer Industry Effluent and its Toxicological Impact on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Freshwater Teleosts <italic>Heteropneustes fossilis</italic> and <italic>Labeo rohita</italic>

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The study assesses the proximate composition, amino acid profile and its content and chemical indices of the sun-dried <italic>Schilbe mystus</italic>, <italic>Bagrus bayad</italic>, <italic>Oreochromis niloticus</italic>, <italic>Clarias anguillaris</italic> and <italic>Petrocephalus bane bane</italic> from Tiga Dam Reservoir, Nigeria. The proximate composition varied significantly (p&lt;0.05) in all five species of fish and these ranged as follows: Moisture (4.79 - 9.52 g/100 g), Crude Protein (42.20 - 57.71 g/100 g), Ash Content (0.90 - 12.51 g/100 g), Ether Extract (3.41 - 9.93 g/100 g), Crude Fibre (0.62 - 5.08 g/100 g), Nitrogen Free Extract (12.28 - 42.70 g/100 g) and Dry Matter (90.48 - 95.21 g/100 g). The amino acid also differed significantly (p&lt;0.05). The nine essential amino acids found in the five species of fish were Lysine (4.21 - 6.34 g/100 g), Histidine (1.96 - 4.30 g/100 g), Arginine (5.80 - 8.21 g/100 g), Threonine (1.93 - 5.05 g/100 g), Valine (2.91 - 5.53 g/100 g), Methionine (1.74 - 3.80 g/100 g), Isoleucine (2.04 - 3.37 g/100 g), Leucine (3.64 - 7.18 g/100 g) and Phynylalanine (1.90 - 4.23 g/100 g). Whereas, the eight non-essential amino acids included: Serine (2.12 - 5.22 g/100 g), Glutamic acid (13.24 - 16.30 g/100 g), Proline (3.12 - 6.29 g/100 g), Glycine (4.20 - 9.08 g/100 g), Alanine (5.00 - 6.36 g/100 g), Cysteine (0.94 - 1.24 g/100 g), Tyrosine (2.33 - 3.33 g/100 g) and Aspartic acid (6.34 - 11.01 g/100 g). <italic>P. bane bane</italic> was first in terms of crude protein; <italic>S. mystus</italic> had the highest lipid and essential amino acid content. Also, <italic>C. anguillaris</italic> recorded the highest calorific value and best amino acid content. Thus, <italic>P. bane bane</italic> can serve as a source of animal protein to balance deficiencies in humans. Both <italic>S. mystus</italic> and <italic>C. anguillaris</italic> can be used as a nutrient base for high energy food and oil in the food industry.</abstract>

The Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile and Chemical Indices in Five Freshwater Fishes from Tiga Dam Reservoir, Nigeria

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Effects of food availability on larval growth and survival of <italic>Spirobranchus kraussii</italic> were studied by feeding larvae different algal diets. Newly hatched larvae of <italic>S. kraussii</italic> were fed four different marine microalgae species, singly and in various mixtures. The best growth was observed when fed <italic>C. vulgaris</italic>, <italic>N. oculata</italic> as a single species and mixed-algal diet during day 15 after fertilization. Mortality was low for larvae (max. 5%); survival rate more than 95%. These results suggest that <italic>S. kraussii</italic> larvae have the capacity to feed using alternative sources of energy, and food size and quality can affect their growth and sustainability.</abstract>

Influence of Different Algal Diets on Larval Growth Rates in the Marine Serpulidae Polychaete Worm <italic>Spirobranchus kraussii</italic>

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The length-weight relationship, condition factor, fecundity, gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of <italic>Parachanna obscura</italic> from the Anambra River were determined between December 2015 and June 2016. Eighty-three live samples of <italic>P. obscura</italic> were obtained from fishermen. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the obtained data. The length-weight relationship had R values of 0.933, 0.843 and 0.896 for male, female and combined sexes, respectively. The b value of 3.133 for male and 2.674 for female were not significantly different (P>0.05). Mean condition factors of 0.89±0.33 and 0.80±0.21 were obtained for female and male, respectively. The largest number of eggs (10,965) was found in a female with the body weight of 154 g, gonad weight of 9.1 g and egg size of 1.3 mm, while the least fecund female with 1820 eggs weighed (94 g) and had a gonad weight 2.1 g with egg size of 1.0 mm. The hepatosomatic indices ranged between 0.55±0.20 and 0.64±0.29 in both male and female, respectively, while female gonadosomatic index average was 2.05±1.44. There was a positive correlation between fecundity and gonad weight.</abstract>

Length-Weight Relationship, Condition Factor and Fecundity of African Snakehead <italic>Parachanna obscura</italic> from the Anambra River, South East Nigeria

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Croatian Journal of Fisheries

Volume 77 (2019): Issue 2 (June 2019)

Theoretical Estimate of Energy Balance and Nutritional Needs of the Population of Russian Sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii in the Caspian Sea

Physicochemical Characteristics of Fertilizer Industry Effluent and its Toxicological Impact on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Freshwater Teleosts Heteropneustes fossilis and Labeo rohita

The Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile and Chemical Indices in Five Freshwater Fishes from Tiga Dam Reservoir, Nigeria

Influence of Different Algal Diets on Larval Growth Rates in the Marine Serpulidae Polychaete Worm Spirobranchus kraussii

Length-Weight Relationship, Condition Factor and Fecundity of African Snakehead Parachanna obscura from the Anambra River, South East Nigeria

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