<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p><italic>Mycobacterium (M.) abscessus</italic>, a highly pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacterium, is responsible for several clinical manifestations. A very frequent occurrence is proven in patient with various lung diseases. Furthermore, it can result in complications such as skin and soft tissue diseases, central nervous system infections, bacteremia, eye infections, and others. <italic>M. abscessus</italic> is a clinical contraindication in cystic fibrosis patients awaiting a lung transplant, as it can exacerbate disease progression. Its pathogenicity and the emergence of resistance are influenced by factors including the composition of the cell envelope, rough and smooth <italic>M. abscessus</italic> morphotypes, efflux pumps, antibiotic-modifying/inactivating enzymes, and genetic polymorphisms in target genes. Management of the infection requires multicomponent therapy due to the high level of resistance. The following antibiotics are recommended according to the guidelines from the year 2017: amikacin, tigecycline, and imipenem with a macrolide. In order to properly manage patients with <italic>M. abscessus</italic> infection, correct identification of the subspecies as well as determination of resistance is essential. To achieve this goal, molecular-genetic techniques, such as whole-genome sequencing, are becoming increasingly favored in modern clinical practice. In this review, we provide up-to-date information on the issue of infections caused by non-tuberculous <italic>M. abscessus</italic>. We focus on its characteristics, possible infectious diseases, cystic fibrosis, and resistance, as well as the benefits of whole-genome sequencing.</p>
</abstract>

Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin

Mycobacterium Abscessus – Diagnostic and Therapeutic Frontiers in Infection Management

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Objective</h3>
<p>The study was aimed to test the blood glucose level in acute stroke patients to find out any correlation with types and prognosis of different glycaemic groups.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Method</h3>
<p>It was a prospective observational study of patients admitted to hospital in Nizamabad due to an acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (&lt;24Hrs after the onset). Clinical parameters including history and clinical examination findings were recorded. CT scan of brain, blood glucose level, HbA1c, and other laboratory tests were taken in all the patients. 2D echocardiography (2D-ECHO) and X-Ray chest picture were also performed. According to glycaemia, the patients were classified into four groups such as Nondiabetic/euglycemic, known Diabetics on glycemic control therapy with or without glycemic control, Newly detected diabetics, and Stress hyperglycemia patients. On the day 1 and 15 National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was calculated to evaluate the severity of stroke and its outcome. Good prognosis was considered when NIHSS 5, moderate prognosis when NIHSS was 6–15, and poor prognosis when NIHSS was 16–20. Patients with NIHSS 20 died within 3 days of admission.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Results</h3>
<p>Finally, 158 patients with acute stroke were included. Hemorrhagic stroke was seen in 43 (27.2%) and ischaemic stroke in 115 (72.8%) patients. Maximum cases were found in 51–60 years age group (37.9%) followed by 41–50 (20.3%) and 61–70 years age group (20.3%). Majority of study subjects were males, 65.8 % (n=104). Maximum cases were Euglycemics (44.3%), followed by stress hyperglycemic (27.8%), known diabetes (15.9%), and newly diagnosed diabetes (12%) presenting with acute stroke. Higher NIHSS score was found in stress hyperglycemic patients (19.4%) followed by known diabetics (17.3%), newly detected diabetics (16.3%), and euglycemics (9.5%). Maximum proportion (81.8%) of ischaemic stroke cases were found with stress hyperglycemia compared to other glycemic conditions but in hemorrhagic stroke maximum proportion (47.3%) were newly diagnosed diabetics. Maximum proportion of large size of lesion (47.4%) was found in newly diagnosed diabetes followed by stress hyperglycemia (45.55). Medium size of the lesions was found more in newly diagnosed diabetes (52.6%) followed by known diabetes cases (52%). Good outcome was found in 51 cases (32.2%), moderate outcome in 34 (21.5%), and poor outcome was in 30 (18.9%). 43 patients with NIHSS score >20 died within 3 days of admission (27.2%). Maximum proportion of death cases in ischemic group those belongs to newly diagnosed diabetes cases (8/9=88.8%). Higher deaths were found in blood sugar &lt;110 mg/dl and blood sugar >199 mg/dl with an incidence rates of 41.2% and 53.4%.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Hyperglycaemia in non-diabetic patients after acute stroke is a stress response reflecting more severe neurological damage. Elevated HbA1c presenting stroke glycaemia status has a significant trend in increasing the risk of cause mortality. The management of hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes and non-diabetes is an important aspect of the emergency management of stroke.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

An Observational Study of Glycemic Status in New Onset Acute Stroke and Their Clinical Outcome in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Iron is a crucial mineral for our organism and its deficiency can cause serious health problems such as anaemia, fatigue, and impaired physical fitness. It has been shown that anaemia or iron deficiency is very common in patients with cancer. These patients benefit from iron supplementation either in intravenous or oral form. Our patient is a 67-year-old Russian woman with pancreatic cancer diagnosed in 2019. She fought off lymphocytic leukaemia in 2015. She refused treatment for her pancreatic cancer. The specific type of pancreatic cancer was not specified as the patient chose not to undergo targeted testing. Between March 2020 and February 2023, she took the dietary supplement Synthesit for three cycles (1 cycle lasted about a month).</p>
<p>After taking the dietary supplement, a total percentage of neutrophils became in the reference range. Subjectively, the patient started to feel better after taking Synthesit and her quality of life and well-being has improved as well. It might be supposed that the dietary supplement could have some effect on her well-being and various blood parameters such as white cells count.</p>
<p>Even though the dietary supplement is not supposed to be used for treatment of diseases, it can change some blood parameters and improve the immune system.</p>
<p>This short case study presents the patient with pancreatic cancer who started to take the dietary supplement Synthesit which contains iron in the form of citrate salt in a dosage of 800 μg per capsule, 1 capsule per day. The dietary supplement was administered over three treatment cycles (1 cycle took about a month) from March 2020 to February 2023. It describes a difference in blood test results before taking Synthesit and after the administration of Synthesit.</p>
</abstract>

Iron Citrate (Synthesit) Supplementation During Pancreas Cancer Showed Surprising Results – Case Study

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Acta Medica Martiniana

 Acta Medica Martiniana is a medical scientific journal, first published in print form in December 2001. It is a continuation of the journal / almanac Folia Medica Martiniana (1971 - 1996). The journal‘s owner is the Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Slovakia. The aims and scope of the AMM:   Dissemination of research results and scientific knowledge from all areas of medicine and nursing.  Stimulation, facilitation and supporting of publication activity for the young medical research and clinical generation. The contributions of young novice authors (PhD students and post-doctorials) are particularly welcome.   Acta Medica Martiniana (AMM) publishes, and here only in English, high quality original papers (in extenso and short-rapid communications), case reports as well as review articles.  Acta Medica Martiniana is an open-access journal, with a periodicity of publishing three times per year (Apr/Aug/Dec). It covers a wide range of basic medical disciplines, such as anatomy, histology, biochemistry, human physiology, pharmacology, etc., as well as all clinical areas incl. preventive medicine, public health and nursing. Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary manuscripts, including papers from all areas of biomedical research, are welcome.  All articles are submitted to a peer-review process. They are peer-reviewed anonymously (double blind) by external experts pursuant to the standard evaluation criteria. Based on the reviewers opinions, the Editorial Board will decide whether a paper is to be included in the journal.  Rejection Rate:   15-30%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Acta Medica Martiniana

Volume 23 (2023): Issue 3 (December 2023)

Original Research Article

Mycobacterium Abscessus – Diagnostic and Therapeutic Frontiers in Infection Management

Review Article

An Observational Study of Glycemic Status in New Onset Acute Stroke and Their Clinical Outcome in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Case Report

Iron Citrate (Synthesit) Supplementation During Pancreas Cancer Showed Surprising Results – Case Study

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