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Increased protein excretion, including albumin, by children of patients with urolithiasis

Thasinas Dissayabutra
Thasinas Dissayabutra
, 
Jakkapan Rattanapan
Jakkapan Rattanapan
, 
Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
, 
Supawadee Mingmongkol
Supawadee Mingmongkol
, 
Wattanachai Ungchareonwattana
Wattanachai Ungchareonwattana
, 
Chanchai Boonla
Chanchai Boonla
 und 
Piyaratana Tosukhowong
Piyaratana Tosukhowong
   | 31. Jan. 2017
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Article Category: Brief communication (Original)
Online veröffentlicht: 31. Jan. 2017
Seitenbereich: 401 - 408
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.0903.410
Schlüsselwörter
© 2015 Thasinas Dissayabutra, Jakkapan Rattanapan, Nuttiya Kalpongnukul, Supawadee Mingmongkol, Wattanachai Ungchareonwattana, Chanchai Boonla, Piyaratana Tosukhowong
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

The level of urinary protein (A) and albumin (B) in the children of patients with urolithiasis (G2) compared with the children of healthy volunteers (G4). G2 participants had higher level of urinary protein and albumin than their G4 counterparts (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively)
The level of urinary protein (A) and albumin (B) in the children of patients with urolithiasis (G2) compared with the children of healthy volunteers (G4). G2 participants had higher level of urinary protein and albumin than their G4 counterparts (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively)

Figure 2

Two-dimensional SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showing four bands of proteins, which were identified as Tamm–Horsfall protein, albumin, κ and λ-2 light chain immunoglobulin, respectively, were significantly increased in the 24 h urine samples of G2 participants (left lane) compared with their G4 counterparts (right lane).
Two-dimensional SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showing four bands of proteins, which were identified as Tamm–Horsfall protein, albumin, κ and λ-2 light chain immunoglobulin, respectively, were significantly increased in the 24 h urine samples of G2 participants (left lane) compared with their G4 counterparts (right lane).

Urinary sediment, protein, and albumin level

Patients with urolithiasis (G1)Children of patients with urolithiasis (G2)Healthy volunteers (G3)Children of healthy volunteers (G4)
Urine strip test (individuals)
  Blood ≥1+4000
  Protein ≥1+5000
  Glucose ≥1+7050
  Ketone ≥1+0000
Urinary protein (mg/day)436.6 ± 117.878.4 ± 8.6

P < 0.05 comparing G1 and G2 (family groups including a urolithiasis proband),

34.8 ± 7.7

P < 0.05 comparing G1 and G3 participants,

23.2 ± 3.7

P < 0.05 comparing G2 and G4 (children of G1 and G3 participants),

Microalbuminuria (mg/day)223.2 ± 73.06.3 ± 2.1c7.7 ± 2.0

P < 0.05 comparing G1 and G3 participants,

0.4 ± 0.2

P < 0.05 comparing G2 and G4 (children of G1 and G3 participants),

Demographic data of the participants

Patients with urolithiasis (G1) (n = 28)Children of patients with urolithiasis (G2) (n = 28)Healthy volunteers (G3) (n = 30)Children of healthy volunteers (G4) (n = 30)
Sex (% male)64.3%42.8%

P < 0.05 comparing G1 and G2 (urolithiasis family groups),

56.7%46.7%
Age (years)46.1 ± 9.719.6 ± 8.7

P < 0.05 comparing G1 and G2 (urolithiasis family groups),

45.6 ± 9.019.7 ± 7.3

P < 0.05 comparing G3 and G4 (healthy volunteer family groups), N/A data not available; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate

  (range, years)(32–69)(10–45)(28–62)(7–33)
BMI (kg/m2)24.0 ± 3.6N/A24.5 ± 3.6N/A
Smoking (%)28.6%17.9%26.7%13.3%
Alcohol drinking (%)35.7%14.3%46.7%13.3%
Underlying disease (individuals)
  Diabetes mellitus6140
  Hypertension7060
  Dyslipidemia3010
  Cardiovascular disease2002
  Chronic liver disease1100
  Chronic renal disease
  (eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2)2010
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