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Risks and safety for Australian children on the internet

Lelia Green
Lelia Green
, 
Danielle Brady
Danielle Brady
, 
Kjartan Ólafsson
Kjartan Ólafsson
, 
John Hartley
John Hartley
 und 
Catharine Lumby
Catharine Lumby
   | 01. Jan. 2011
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Online veröffentlicht: 01. Jan. 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/csci.40
© 2011 Lelia Green, Danielle Brady, Kjartan Ólafsson, John Hartley, Catharine Lumby, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Relating online use, activities and risk factors to harm to childrenLivingstone, S., Haddon, L., Görzig, A., and Ólafsson, K., (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full findings Available at www.eukidsonline.net (p. 15)
Relating online use, activities and risk factors to harm to childrenLivingstone, S., Haddon, L., Görzig, A., and Ólafsson, K., (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full findings Available at www.eukidsonline.net (p. 15)

Figure 2

Children’s use of internet at home QC301a, b: Looking at this card, please tell me where you use the internet these days. Base: All children who use the internet.
Children’s use of internet at home QC301a, b: Looking at this card, please tell me where you use the internet these days. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 3

Child accesses the internet using a mobile phone or a handheld device QC300h, e: Which of these devices do you use for the internet these days? In Figure 2, the percentage for ‘mobile phone’ may overlap with handheld device as multiple responses were allowed. In Figure 3, these are recalculated as mutually exclusive. Base: All children who use the internet.
Child accesses the internet using a mobile phone or a handheld device QC300h, e: Which of these devices do you use for the internet these days? In Figure 2, the percentage for ‘mobile phone’ may overlap with handheld device as multiple responses were allowed. In Figure 3, these are recalculated as mutually exclusive. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 4

How often children use the internet QC303: How often do you use the internet? Base: All children who use the internet.
How often children use the internet QC303: How often do you use the internet? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 5

How long children use the internet for on an average day (in minutes) Derived from QC304 and QC305: About how long do you spend using the internet on a normal school day / normal non-school day? Base: All children who use the internet.
How long children use the internet for on an average day (in minutes) Derived from QC304 and QC305: About how long do you spend using the internet on a normal school day / normal non-school day? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 6

"I know more about the internet than my parents" QC319a: How true are these of you? I know more about the internet than my parents. Please answer not true, a bit true or very true.
"I know more about the internet than my parents" QC319a: How true are these of you? I know more about the internet than my parents. Please answer not true, a bit true or very true.

Figure 7

Excessive use of the internet among children (age 11+) QC144a-e: How often have these things happened to you? Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.
Excessive use of the internet among children (age 11+) QC144a-e: How often have these things happened to you? Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.

Figure 8

“There are lots of things on the internet that are good for children of my age” QC319c: There are lots of things on the internet that are good for children of my age. Response options: very true, a bit true, not true. Base: All children who use the internet.
“There are lots of things on the internet that are good for children of my age” QC319c: There are lots of things on the internet that are good for children of my age. Response options: very true, a bit true, not true. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 9

Children who have a profile on a social networking site QC313: Do you have your OWN profile on a social networking site that you currently use, or not? Base: All children who use the internet.
Children who have a profile on a social networking site QC313: Do you have your OWN profile on a social networking site that you currently use, or not? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 10

Children’s use of privacy settings on their social networking profile QC317: Is your profile set to …? Public, so that everyone can see; partially private, so that friends of friends or your networks can see; private so that only your friends can see; don’t know. Base: All children who have a profile on a social networking site.
Children’s use of privacy settings on their social networking profile QC317: Is your profile set to …? Public, so that everyone can see; partially private, so that friends of friends or your networks can see; private so that only your friends can see; don’t know. Base: All children who have a profile on a social networking site.

Figure 11

Online and offline communication compared (% 11+ who say a bit true or very true) QC103: How true are these of you? Percentage who said ‘A bit true’ or ‘Very true’ Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.
Online and offline communication compared (% 11+ who say a bit true or very true) QC103: How true are these of you? Percentage who said ‘A bit true’ or ‘Very true’ Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.

Figure 12

Nature of children’s online contacts (11+) QC310: I’d like you to tell me the types of people you have had contact with when doing each of these things. Response options: people who you first met in person face to face; people who you first met on the internet, but who are friends or family of other people you know in person; people who you first met on the internet, but who have no other connection to your life outside of the internet. (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children aged 11-16 who use internet and have given at least one valid response about the nature of their online contacts.
Nature of children’s online contacts (11+) QC310: I’d like you to tell me the types of people you have had contact with when doing each of these things. Response options: people who you first met in person face to face; people who you first met on the internet, but who are friends or family of other people you know in person; people who you first met on the internet, but who have no other connection to your life outside of the internet. (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children aged 11-16 who use internet and have given at least one valid response about the nature of their online contacts.

Figure 13

Online experiences that have bothered children, according to child and parent QC110: In the PAST 12 MONTHS, have you seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered you in some way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen it. QP228: As far as you are aware, in the past year, has your child seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered them in some way? QC322: Do you think there are things on the internet that people about your age will be bothered by in any way? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Online experiences that have bothered children, according to child and parent QC110: In the PAST 12 MONTHS, have you seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered you in some way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen it. QP228: As far as you are aware, in the past year, has your child seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered them in some way? QC322: Do you think there are things on the internet that people about your age will be bothered by in any way? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 14

Child has seen sexual images online or offline in past 12 months QC128: Have you seen anything of this kind [obviously sexual] in the past 12 month? QC129: How often have you seen [images, photos, videos that are obviously sexual] in the past 12 months. Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has seen sexual images online or offline in past 12 months QC128: Have you seen anything of this kind [obviously sexual] in the past 12 month? QC129: How often have you seen [images, photos, videos that are obviously sexual] in the past 12 months. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 15

Child has seen sexual images online and was bothered by this QC131: Have you seen these kinds of things on any websites in the past 12 months? And QC134: In the LAST 12 MONTHS have you seen any things like this that have bothered you in any way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen them. Base: All children who use the internet. Only children who have seen sexual images online.
Child has seen sexual images online and was bothered by this QC131: Have you seen these kinds of things on any websites in the past 12 months? And QC134: In the LAST 12 MONTHS have you seen any things like this that have bothered you in any way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen them. Base: All children who use the internet. Only children who have seen sexual images online.

Figure 16

Child has been bullied online or offline in past 12 months QC112: Has someone acted in this kind of hurtful or nasty way to you in the past 12 months? QC113: How often has someone acted in this kind [hurtful and nasty] way towards you in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has been bullied online or offline in past 12 months QC112: Has someone acted in this kind of hurtful or nasty way to you in the past 12 months? QC113: How often has someone acted in this kind [hurtful and nasty] way towards you in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 17

Child has bullied others online or offline in past 12 months QC125: Have you acted in a way that might have felt hurtful or nasty to someone else in the past 12 months? QC126: How often have you acted in this kind [hurtful and nasty] way in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has bullied others online or offline in past 12 months QC125: Have you acted in a way that might have felt hurtful or nasty to someone else in the past 12 months? QC126: How often have you acted in this kind [hurtful and nasty] way in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 18

Child has seen or received sexual messages online in past 12 months (age 11+) QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? QC168: How often have you received sexual messages of any kind on the internet in the past 12 months? This could be words, pictures or videos. Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.
Child has seen or received sexual messages online in past 12 months (age 11+) QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? QC168: How often have you received sexual messages of any kind on the internet in the past 12 months? This could be words, pictures or videos. Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.

Figure 19

Child has seen or received sexual messages in past 12 months and was bothered (age 11+) QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? This could be words, pictures or videos. QC171: In the last 12 months, has any sexual message that you have seen or received bothered you in any way? Base: All children age 11-16 who use the internet. Children who have seen or received sexual messages online in the past 12 months.
Child has seen or received sexual messages in past 12 months and was bothered (age 11+) QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? This could be words, pictures or videos. QC171: In the last 12 months, has any sexual message that you have seen or received bothered you in any way? Base: All children age 11-16 who use the internet. Children who have seen or received sexual messages online in the past 12 months.

Figure 20

Child has communicated online or gone to an offline meeting with someone not met face to face QC147: Can I just check, have you ever had contact on the internet with someone you have not met face to face before? QC148: Have you ever gone on to meet anyone face to face that you first met on the internet in this way. Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has communicated online or gone to an offline meeting with someone not met face to face QC147: Can I just check, have you ever had contact on the internet with someone you have not met face to face before? QC148: Have you ever gone on to meet anyone face to face that you first met on the internet in this way. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 21

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC327 and QP220: Does your parents/do either of your parents sometimes [which of the following things, if any do you (or your partner/other carer) sometimes do with your child]… Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC327 and QP220: Does your parents/do either of your parents sometimes [which of the following things, if any do you (or your partner/other carer) sometimes do with your child]… Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 22

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet safety, according to child and parent QC329 and QP222: Has your parent/either of your parents [have you] ever done any of these things with you [your child]? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet safety, according to child and parent QC329 and QP222: Has your parent/either of your parents [have you] ever done any of these things with you [your child]? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 23

Parents’ restrictive mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC328 and QP221: Whether your parents let you [your child is allowed to] do this all of the time, only with permission/supervision or never allowed. Note: The latter two options are combined to calculate the percentage for whom rules or restrictions apply. Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Parents’ restrictive mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC328 and QP221: Whether your parents let you [your child is allowed to] do this all of the time, only with permission/supervision or never allowed. Note: The latter two options are combined to calculate the percentage for whom rules or restrictions apply. Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 24

Parent’s monitoring of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC330 and QP223: Does your parent/either of your parents sometimes check any of the following things? Base: All children who use the internet at home and one of their parents.
Parent’s monitoring of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent QC330 and QP223: Does your parent/either of your parents sometimes check any of the following things? Base: All children who use the internet at home and one of their parents.

Figure 25

Parents’ use of parental controls or other means of blocking or filtering some types of websites QC331: Does your parent/either of your parents make use of the following? Use of parental controls or other means of blocking or filtering some types of websites. Base: All children who use the internet at home and one of their parents.
Parents’ use of parental controls or other means of blocking or filtering some types of websites QC331: Does your parent/either of your parents make use of the following? Use of parental controls or other means of blocking or filtering some types of websites. Base: All children who use the internet at home and one of their parents.

Figure 26

Whether parental mediation limits the child’s activities on the internet, according to child QC333: Do the things that your parent does (parents do) relating to how you use the internet limit what you can do on the internet or not really? Base: All children who use the internet.
Whether parental mediation limits the child’s activities on the internet, according to child QC333: Do the things that your parent does (parents do) relating to how you use the internet limit what you can do on the internet or not really? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 27

Whether child ignores what parents say when they use the internet, according to child QC334: And do you ever ignore what your parent(s) tell you when use the internet, or not really? Base: All children who use the internet.
Whether child ignores what parents say when they use the internet, according to child QC334: And do you ever ignore what your parent(s) tell you when use the internet, or not really? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 28

Whether parents do anything differently because the child has been bothered by something on the internet, according to child and parent QC335: Does your parent / Do your parents do anything new or different these days because you have been bothered by something on the internet in the past, or not really? QP227: Do you (or your partner/other carer) do anything different these days because your child has been bothered by something on the internet in the past or not really? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Whether parents do anything differently because the child has been bothered by something on the internet, according to child and parent QC335: Does your parent / Do your parents do anything new or different these days because you have been bothered by something on the internet in the past, or not really? QP227: Do you (or your partner/other carer) do anything different these days because your child has been bothered by something on the internet in the past or not really? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 29

Children who would like their parent(s) to take more interest in what they do online, and parents who think they should do more QC326: Overall, would you like your parent(s) to take more or less interest in what you do on the internet, or to stay about the same? And is that a lot/little more/less? QP226: Speaking of things you do in relation to your child's internet use, do you think you should do more, or not really? Note: graph shows children who say yes, a bit or a lot more, and parents who say yes, a bit or a lot more. Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Children who would like their parent(s) to take more interest in what they do online, and parents who think they should do more QC326: Overall, would you like your parent(s) to take more or less interest in what you do on the internet, or to stay about the same? And is that a lot/little more/less? QP226: Speaking of things you do in relation to your child's internet use, do you think you should do more, or not really? Note: graph shows children who say yes, a bit or a lot more, and parents who say yes, a bit or a lot more. Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 30

Teachers’ mediation of child’s internet use, according to child QC338: Have any teachers at your school ever done any of these things? (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children who use the internet.
Teachers’ mediation of child’s internet use, according to child QC338: Have any teachers at your school ever done any of these things? (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 31

Peer mediation of child’s internet use, according to child QC336: Have your friends ever done any of these things? (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children who use the internet.
Peer mediation of child’s internet use, according to child QC336: Have your friends ever done any of these things? (Multiple responses allowed) Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 32

Peer mediation of child’s safe internet use, according to child QC337: Have you ever suggested ways to use the internet safely to your friends. QC336c: Have your friends ever done any of these things – suggested ways to use the internet safely. Base: All children who use the internet.
Peer mediation of child’s safe internet use, according to child QC337: Have you ever suggested ways to use the internet safely to your friends. QC336c: Have your friends ever done any of these things – suggested ways to use the internet safely. Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 33

Whether parents, peers or teachers have ever suggested ways to use the internet safely, according to child QC329c: Have your parents ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? QC336c: Have your friends ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? QC338d: Have your teachers ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? Base: All children who use the internet.
Whether parents, peers or teachers have ever suggested ways to use the internet safely, according to child QC329c: Have your parents ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? QC336c: Have your friends ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? QC338d: Have your teachers ever suggested ways to use the internet safely? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 34

Children who have encountered one or more online risk factors by children’s average number of online activities, by countryLivingstone, S., Haddon, L., Görzig, A., and Ólafsson, K., (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full findings Available at www.eukidsonline.net (p. 141)
Children who have encountered one or more online risk factors by children’s average number of online activities, by countryLivingstone, S., Haddon, L., Görzig, A., and Ólafsson, K., (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full findings Available at www.eukidsonline.net (p. 141)

Figure 35

Ladder of opportunities, by country
Ladder of opportunities, by country

Figure 36

Online experiences that have bothered children, according to child and parent, by country QC110: In the PAST 12 MONTHS, have you seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered you in some way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen it. QP228: As far as you are aware, in the past year, has your child seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered them in some way? QC322: Do you think there are things on the internet that people about your age will be bothered by in any way? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.
Online experiences that have bothered children, according to child and parent, by country QC110: In the PAST 12 MONTHS, have you seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered you in some way? For example, made you feel uncomfortable, upset, or feel that you shouldn’t have seen it. QP228: As far as you are aware, in the past year, has your child seen or experienced something on the internet that has bothered them in some way? QC322: Do you think there are things on the internet that people about your age will be bothered by in any way? Base: All children who use the internet and one of their parents.

Figure 37

Child has seen sexual images online or offline in past 12 months, by country QC128: Have you seen anything of this kind [obviously sexual]? QC131: Have you seen these kinds of things on any websites in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has seen sexual images online or offline in past 12 months, by country QC128: Have you seen anything of this kind [obviously sexual]? QC131: Have you seen these kinds of things on any websites in the past 12 months? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 38

Child has been bullied online or offline in past 12 months, by country QC112: Has someone acted in this kind of hurtful or nasty way to you in the past 12 months? QC115: At any time during the last 12 months has this happened on the internet? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has been bullied online or offline in past 12 months, by country QC112: Has someone acted in this kind of hurtful or nasty way to you in the past 12 months? QC115: At any time during the last 12 months has this happened on the internet? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 39

Having seen or received or sent sexual messages in past 12 months (children aged 11-16), by country QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? This could be words, pictures or videos. QC179: In the past 12 months, have you sent or posted a sexual message (words, pictures or video) of any kind on the internet? This could be about you or someone else. Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.
Having seen or received or sent sexual messages in past 12 months (children aged 11-16), by country QC167: In the past 12 months have you seen or received sexual messages of any kind on the internet? This could be words, pictures or videos. QC179: In the past 12 months, have you sent or posted a sexual message (words, pictures or video) of any kind on the internet? This could be about you or someone else. Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.

Figure 40

Child has communicated online with, or gone to an offline meeting with, someone not met face to face before, by country QC147: Can I just check, have you ever had contact on the internet with someone you have not met face to face before? QC148: Have you ever gone on to meet anyone face to face that you first met on the internet in this way? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child has communicated online with, or gone to an offline meeting with, someone not met face to face before, by country QC147: Can I just check, have you ever had contact on the internet with someone you have not met face to face before? QC148: Have you ever gone on to meet anyone face to face that you first met on the internet in this way? Base: All children who use the internet.

Figure 41

Child has seen potentially harmful usergenerated content on websites in past 12 months (age 11+), by country QC142: In the past 12 months, have you seen websites where people discuss...? Bars show percentage of children who have seen any such material at all on websites (i.e. bottom row of Error! Reference source not found.). Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.
Child has seen potentially harmful usergenerated content on websites in past 12 months (age 11+), by country QC142: In the past 12 months, have you seen websites where people discuss...? Bars show percentage of children who have seen any such material at all on websites (i.e. bottom row of Error! Reference source not found.). Base: All children aged 11-16 who use the internet.

Figure 42

Child accesses the internet using a mobile phone or handheld device, by country QC300h, e: Which of these devices do you use for the internet these days? Base: All children who use the internet.
Child accesses the internet using a mobile phone or handheld device, by country QC300h, e: Which of these devices do you use for the internet these days? Base: All children who use the internet.

Parents’ desired sources of information on internet safety, by age of child

Age of child
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
Your child's school 65 70 72 55 65
Government, authorities local 51 52 58 60 55
Websites with safety information 47 51 51 39 47
Television, radio, newspapers or magazines 46 41 52 37 44
Internet providers service 36 50 48 37 43
Family and friends 46 37 37 30 37
Manufacturers and selling retailers the products 35 31 38 20 31
From my child 23 24 32 22 25
Children's welfare organisations/char ities 21 29 28 22 25
Other sources 22 18 18 10 17
None, I don’t want more information about this 1 1 1 2 1

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent

% who say that their parents sometimes… Child no parent no Child yes parent no Child no parent yes Child yes parent yes
Talk to you about what you do on the internet 4 5 29 62
Stay nearby when you use the internet 17 12 20 51
Encourage you to explore and learn things on the internet on your own 25 9 31 35
Sit with you while you use the internet 37 11 23 29
Do shared activities together with you on the internet 40 8 22 30

Parent’s monitoring of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent

% who say parents check… Child no parent no Child yes parent no Child no parent yes Child yes parent yes
Which visited websites you 28 11 19 41
Your profile on a social network or online community 31 8 19 43
Which friends or contacts you add to social networking profile 41 9 21 29
The messages in your email or instant messaging account 63 5 20 13

Whether parent thinks child will experience problems on the internet in the next six months

% of parents who 9-12 years 13-16 years
say… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Not at all likely 27 16 24 16 21
Not very likely 42 43 43 52 45
Fairly likely 25 31 26 21 25
Very likely 6 10 7 11 8

Child has seen potentially harmful user-generated content in past 12 months (age 11+)

Age
% 11-13 years 14-16 years
Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Hate messages that attack certain groups or individuals 18 17 21 47 26
Ways to be very thin (such as being anorexic or bulimic) 6 9 4 18 9
Talk about or share their experiences of taking drugs 9 4 11 26 12
Ways of physically harming or hurting themselves 16 8 11 20 14
Ways of committing suicide 1 5 7 4 4
Has seen such material at all on any websites 31 22 34 52 34

Child has experienced misuse of personal data in past 12 months (age 11+)

Age
% 11-13 years 14-16 years
Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Somebody used my password to access my information or to pretend to be me 15 15 9 12 13
Somebody used my personal information in a way I didn't like 11 15 3 8 9
I lost money by being cheated on the internet 6 4 0 3 3
Has experienced personal data misuse of any kind 21 22 9 17 17

Child has seen sexual images online and was bothered by this, by country

All children who use the internet Child
% Child has seen sexual images online Child bothered by seeing sexual images online bothered, of those who have seen sexual images online
EE 29 14 49
TR 13 6 49
RO 19 8 44
IE 11 4 38
*AU 28 10 36
DE 4 2 35
PL 15 5 33
ES 11 3 32
FR 20 6 32
AT 17 5 30
BE 17 5 30
HU 11 3 30
DK 28 8 28
CY 12 3 26
IT 7 2 26
SE 26 7 26
UK 11 3 24
CZ 28 6 23
LT 25 6 23
NL 22 5 23
NO 34 9 23
PT 13 3 23
FI 29 6 20
BG 20 4 17
EL 14 2 15
SI 25 4 15
ALL 14 4 32

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet safety, according to child and parent

% who say that their parents sometimes… Child no parent no Child yes parent no Child no parent yes Child yes parent yes
Helped you when something is difficult to do or find on the internet 9 12 11 67
Explained why some websites are good or bad 7 7 19 67
Suggested ways to use the internet safely 8 14 16 61
Suggested ways to behave towards other people online 15 13 18 54
Helped you in the past when something has bothered you on the internet 39 16 16 29
Talked to you about what to do if something on the internet bothered you 16 13 19 52

Children’s digital literacy and safety skills (age 11+)

11-12 year old 13-16 year old
% who say they can… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Bookmark a website 84 80 90 92 88
Block messages from someone you don’t want to hear from 63 72 92 81 80
Change privacy settings on a social networking profile 58 62 82 87 76
Find information on how to use the internet safely 67 62 79 83 76
Compare different websites to decide if information is true 67 56 71 77 70
Block unwanted adverts or junk mail/spam 65 47 79 72 69
Delete the record of which sites you have visited 57 39 78 70 65
Change filter preferences 26 13 54 37 37
Average number of skills 4.6 4.2 6.1 5.9 5.4

Where Australian children use the internet

% children who say they use the internet at the following locations
At school or college 96
Living room (or other public room) at home 87
At a friend's home 70
At a relative's home 62
Own bedroom (or other private room) at home 45
When 'out and about' 31
In a public library or other public place 26
In an internet café 6
Average number of locations 4.2

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet safety, according to child

% who say that 9-12 years 13-16 years
their parent does… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Helped you when something is difficult to do or find on the internet 83 88 75 71 79
Explained why some websites are good or bad 72 78 80 67 74
Suggested ways to use the internet safely 76 78 72 76 75
Suggested ways to behave towards other people online 60 75 69 64 44
Helped you in the past when something has bothered you on the internet 41 51 35 48 67
Talked to you about what to do if something on the internet bothered you 57 72 61 67 64
One or more of these 94 99 95 90 94

Parents’ technical mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child

% who say 9-12 years 13-16 years
parents check… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Software to prevent spam/junk mail or viruses 74 73 80 80 78
Parental controls or other means of keeping track of the websites you visit 57 54 31 27 36
Parental controls or other means of blocking or filtering some types of website 50 34 29 34 35
A service or contract that limits the time you spend on the internet 28 21 19 20 21
One or more of these 83 68 85 84 81

Whether parental mediation is helpful, according to child and parent

% who say that do helps to make what parents the child’s Yes
internet experience better A lot A little No
9-12 years Child says Parent says 38 38 44 44 18 18
13-16 years Child says Parent says 13 40 53 32 34 28
All children Child says Parent says 25 39 49 38 26 23

Parent’s active mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child

% who say that their parent does… 9-12 years 13-16 years
Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Talk to you about what you do on the internet 68 70 69 59 67
Stay nearby when you use the internet 73 74 54 52 63
Encourage you to explore and learn things on the internet on your own 49 48 42 36 44
Sit with you while you use the internet 46 41 43 31 40
Do shared activities together with you on the internet 45 47 31 31 38
One or more of these 89 96 94 86 91

Children’s activities online in the past month

9-12 year old 13-16 year old
% who have… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Used the internet for school work 84 84 88 88 86
Watched video clips Played internet games 80 77 89 92 85
on your own or against the computer 94 78 75 61 78
Sent/received email 48 55 74 91 67
Visited a social networking profile 35 50 85 84 63
Used messaging instant 29 36 63 74 51
Put (or posted) photos, videos or music to share with others 18 35 57 72 45
Played games with other people on the internet 60 39 54 20 44
Downloaded films music or 25 23 57 66 43
Put message (or posted) on a website a 23 28 49 64 41
Read/news watched on the internet the 26 19 52 38 34
Used a webcam 22 29 32 37 30
Created pet or avatar a character, 42 34 15 13 26
Used file sharing sites 8 8 30 26 19
Visited a chatroom 19 19 17 15 18
Spent time in a virtual world 20 17 14 13 16
Written diary a blog or online 7 5 6 17 9
Average activities number of 6.2 6.2 8.5 8.7 7.3

Parents’ restrictive mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child

% who say that 9-12 years 13-16 years
rules apply about… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Give out personal information others on the to internet 95 100 83 79 89
Download music or films on the internet 89 91 42 32 63
Upload photos, videos or music to share with others 84 83 36 34 59
Have your own social networking profile 72 75 26 27 49
Use messaging instant 73 71 25 21 47
Watch on the video internet clips 54 64 20 19 39
One or more of these 99 99 83 83 91

Whether the child would like their parent(s) to take more interest in what they do online

9-12 years 13-16 years
% who say … Boys Girls Boys Girls All
A lot more 10 10 4 7 8
A little more 16 12 5 11 11
Stay the same 61 73 76 74 71
A little less 11 4 11 7 8
A lot less 2 1 4 1 2

Parents’ accounts of whether child has met online contacts offline

Met someone face to face that Child’s answer
first met on the internet? Yes No
% Parent answer:
Yes 11 0
No 78 98
Don't know 11 2
100 100

Summary of online risk factors shaping children’s probability of experiencing harm

Age
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
Seen sexual images on websites in past 12 months 11 17 25 56 28
Have been sent nasty or hurtful internet messages in past 12 on the months 6 15 14 15 13
Seen or received sexual messages internet in on past the 12 months n.a. 9 9 27 15
Ever had contact on the internet not met with face someone to face before 18 23 35 53 34
Ever gone on to meet anyone face to face that first met on the internet 2 2 5 9 5
Have come across one or more types of potentially harmful user- generated content in past 12 months n.a. 27 33 43 34
Have experienced one or of more personal types data of misuse in past 12 months n.a. 20 17 14 17
Encountered more of the above one or 24 57 63 84 58
Acted in a nasty or hurtful others way on the towards internet in the past 12 months 0 5 7 8 5
Sent or posted a sexual message the internet of in any the kind past on 12 months n.a. 5 0 5 4
Done either of these 0 8 5 8 5

Children’s actions in relation to online contacts

% who have, in the past 12 months . . . Never/ not in past year Less than monthly More often
Looked for new friends on the internet 76 9 15
Added people to my friends list or address book that I have never met face to face 80 10 11
Sent a photo or video of myself to someone that I have never met face to face 89 6 4
Sent personal information to someone that I have never met face to face 94 2 4
Pretended to be a different kind of person on the internet from what I really am 94 4 3

Parents’ accounts of whether child has seen or received sexual messages online (age 11+)

Seen or been sent sexual images Child’s answer
on the internet? Yes No
% Parent answer:
Yes 27 5
No 51 83
Don't know 22 12
100 100

Ways in which children have been bullied in past 12 months

9-12 years 13-16 years
% Boys Girls Boys Girls All
In person face to face 16 26 17 20 20
On the internet 4 19 11 19 13
By mobile phone calls, texts or image/video texts 0 5 3 7 3
Has been bullied at all, online or offline 26 39 22 29 29

What kind of sexual images the child has seen online in past 12 months, by age (age 11+)

Age
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
Images or video of someone naked n.a. 11 14 45 24
Images or video of someone's 'private parts n.a. 8 14 29 17
Images or video of someone having sex n.a. 6 11 29 16
Images or video or movies that show sex in a violent way n.a. 4 8 7 6
Something else n.a. 2 3 6 4
Seen sexual images online

Information on whether child has seen sexual images online at all are available for all age groups, but the 9-10 year olds were not asked about the types of sexual images seen online. The total figures here are included for comparative purposes

 11 17 25 56 28

What happened when child was bullied online in past 12 months (age 11+)

Age
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
Nasty or hurtful messages were sent to me n.a. 5 6 10 7
Nasty or hurtful messages about me around were or passed posted where others could see n.a. 5 5 3 4
Other nasty or hurtful things on the internet n.a. 3 6 1 3
I was threatened on the internet n.a. 3 6 1 3
I was left out or excluded from a group or activity on the internet n.a. 2 0 4 2
Something else n.a. 2 1 2 2
At all on the internet 6 15 14 15 13

How much parents know about their child’s internet use, according to child

% who say that 9-12 years 13-16 years
their parent(s) know(s)… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
A lot 48 59 24 33 41
Quite a bit 33 27 52 30 36
Just a little 18 12 23 34 22
Nothing 1 2 1 3 2

Peer mediation of child’s internet use, according to child

% who say friends 9-12 years 13-16 years
at their school have ever… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Helped you when something to do or find is on difficult the 69 72 80 79 75
internet
Explained why some websites are good or bad 40 32 40 47 39
Helped you in the past when something has bothered you on the internet 25 37 29 56 37
Suggested ways to behave towards other people online 26 27 38 43 33
Suggested ways to use the internet safely 29 29 34 36 32
One or more of all of the above 80 76 83 88 82

Teachers’ mediation of child’s internet use, according to child

% who say 9-12 years 13-16 years
teachers at their school have ever… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Suggested ways to use the internet safely 66 78 74 81 74
Explained why some websites are good or bad 33 41 22 26 30
Helped you when something difficult to do is or find on the internet 80 86 73 75 79
Suggested ways to other behave people towards online 66 73 75 84 75
Talked to you about what to do if something on the internet bothered you 80 83 80 90 83
Helped you in the past when something has bothered you on the internet 70 67 66 79 70
One or more forms of active mediation 97 98 96 96 97
Made rules about what you can do on the internet at school 97 96 96 90 95
Talked to you about what you do on the internet 69 77 74 78 74
One or more of all of the above 98 99 96 99 98

Kinds of sexual messaging child has encountered online in past 12 months (age 11+)

Age
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
I have been sent a sexual message on the internet n.a. 3 5 18 9
I have seen a sexual message posted other people where could see it on the internet n.a. 1 2 9 4
I have seen other people perform sexual acts n.a. 0 0 14 5
I have been asked on the internet for a photo or video showing my private parts n.a. 0 2 7 3
I have been asked to talk about sexual acts with someone on the internet n.a. 1 1 15 6
Has seen or received at all n.a. 9 9 27 15

Children’s and parents’ accounts of whether child has seen sexual images online

Child has seen sexual images on Child’s answer
the internet? Yes No
% Parent answer:
Yes 38 17
No 49 47
Don't know 14 36
100 100

Parents’ technical mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent

% who say parents check… Child no parent no Child yes parent no Child no parent yes Child yes parent yes
Software spam/junk to mail prevent or viruses 5 5 16 74
Parental controls or other means of keeping track of the websites you visit 49 8 15 28
Parental controls or other means filtering of some blocking types or of website 51 7 15 28
A service or contract that limits the time you spend on the internet 69 8 10 13

Child has seen sexual images online or offline in past 12 months, by age and gender

9-12 years 13-16 years
% Boys Girls Boys Girls All
On any websites 16 13 45 39 28
On or video/television, DVD film 11 15 34 29 22
In book a magazine or 7 9 18 14 12
By text (SMS),
images (MMS), or otherwise on my 2 3 14 5 6
mobile phone
By Bluetooth 1 0 3 0 1
Has seen at all, online or offline 27 27 58 61 44

Parents' accounts of whether child has been bullied online

Child has been sent nasty or Child’s answer:
hurtful messages on the internet? Yes No
% Parent answer:
Yes 58 4
No 33 91
Don't know 9 6
100 100

Children’s sources of advice on internet safety (other than parents, teachers or friends)

9-12 years 13-16 years
% Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Other relative 61 66 45 55 57
Television, radio, newspapers or magazines 27 29 34 45 34
Librarian 28 22 14 24 22
Someone whose job is to give advice over the internet 21 20 16 29 22
Websites 11 14 26 25 19
Internet service provider 2 7 20 13 11
Youth social or worker church or 9 3 15 15 11
I haven't received advice from any of these 29 24 18 17 22

Parents’ ability to help their child and child’s ability to cope, according to parent

Extent
% of parents… Not at all Not very much A fair amount A lot
To what extent, if at all, do you feel you are able to help your child to deal with anything on the internet that bothers them?
Parents aged 9 to of 12 children years 1 10 41 48
Parents aged 13 of to children 16 years 3 14 35 49
Parents of all children 2 12 38 48
To what extent, if at all, do you feel your child is able to deal with anything on the internet that bothers them?
Parents 9 to 12 years of children aged 12 16 57 16
Parents 13 to 16 of years children aged 1 12 51 36
Parents of all children 6 14 54 26

Devices by which children go online

% children who use the internet
Shared PC 76
Games console 51
Other handheld portable device/smartphone 45
Television set 43
Mobile phone 40
Shared laptop 38
Own laptop 31
Own PC 26
Average number of devices of use 3.5

Parents’ restrictive mediation of the child’s internet use, according to child and parent

% who say that rules apply about … Child no parent no Child yes parent no Child no parent yes Child yes parent yes
Give out personal information to others on the internet 3 7 0 88
Download on the internet music or films 28 9 12 51
Upload music to photos, share videos with others or 27 14 6 53
Have networking your own profile social 39 12 6 43
Use instant messaging 44 10 7 39
Watch video clips on the internet 45 16 9 30

Parents’ actual sources of information on internet safety, by age of child

Age of child
% 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16 All
Family and friends 56 59 59 57 58
Your child's school 45 71 61 55 58
Television, radio, newspapers or magazines 41 38 47 41 42
Government, authorities local 28 37 37 35 34
Internet providers service 18 35 36 36 32
Websites with safety information 30 29 29 32 30
From my child 16 21 31 33 25
Other sources 15 19 22 18 19
Manufacturers and selling retailers the products 18 16 23 15 18
Children's welfare organisations/char ities 10 11 9 8 9
None, I don't get any information about this 3 4 1 6 4

Parent’s monitoring of the child’s internet use, according to child

% who say 9-12 years 13-16 years
parents check… Boys Girls Boys Girls All
Which you visited websites 61 62 49 42 53
Your profile on a social network or online community 60 61 48 42 49
Which friends or contacts you add to social networking profile 46 56 29 35 38
The messages in your instant email messaging or account 41 28 15 8 18
One or more of these 54 64 60 60 59
eISSN:
1836-0416
Sprache:
Englisch
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