Numerical modeling of elastomeric bearings in structural engineering

The intention of this paper is the discussion of different possibilities for the numerical modeling of elastomeric bearings. It is focused on issues of the complex material behavior and the specific mechanical conditions of the bearings. The relevant considerations are based on the experiences from extensive material tests on elastomer and reinforcement as well as from loading and deformation tests on full scale bearings. It shows the possibilities and the limitations of the numerical bearing models as a tool for research and bearing design.