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Validating Lithium-Polymer Battery Discharge Models to Ensure Uav Flight Safety and Performance

Anastasiia Shcherban

Anastasiia Shcherban

Department of Information and Measurement Technologies, Faculty of Instrumentation Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”Kyiv, Ukraine
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Shcherban, Anastasiia
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Vladymir Eremenko

Vladymir Eremenko

Department of Information and Measurement Technologies, Faculty of Instrumentation Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”Kyiv, Ukraine
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Eremenko, Vladymir
  
30. Dez. 2024
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Artikel-Kategorie: Review Article
Online veröffentlicht: 30. Dez. 2024
Seitenbereich: 80 - 100
Eingereicht: 09. Dez. 2023
Akzeptiert: 02. Dez. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/tar-2024-0024
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© 2024 Anastasiia Shcherban et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1.

Family of AB discharge characteristics at +25°C.
Family of AB discharge characteristics at +25°C.

Fig. 2.

Algorithm for analyzing results under repeatability conditions.
Algorithm for analyzing results under repeatability conditions.

Fig. 3.

Algorithm for analyzing results under reproducibility conditions.
Algorithm for analyzing results under reproducibility conditions.

Fig. 4.

Plot of overall average value and overall dispersion of discharge characteristic measurements at a temperature of +25°C.
Plot of overall average value and overall dispersion of discharge characteristic measurements at a temperature of +25°C.

Fig. 5.

Plot of overall average value and the overall dispersion of LPAB temperature characteristic measurements at an ambient temperature of +25°C.
Plot of overall average value and the overall dispersion of LPAB temperature characteristic measurements at an ambient temperature of +25°C.

Fig. 6.

Plot of overall average value of LPAB discharge characteristic measurements for the temperature range from -20°C to +50°C.
Plot of overall average value of LPAB discharge characteristic measurements for the temperature range from -20°C to +50°C.

Fig. 7.

Plot of the overall average value of LPAB surface temperature characteristic measurements of LPAB for the range of ambient temperatures from -20°C to +50°C.
Plot of the overall average value of LPAB surface temperature characteristic measurements of LPAB for the range of ambient temperatures from -20°C to +50°C.

Measurements of LPAB discharge characteristics of at +25°C_

Meas. No. 0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
1 12.52 11.07 10.88 10.75 10.63 10.48 10.08 9.38 9.37
2 12.48 11.09 10.89 10.76 10.64 10.5 10.18 9.38 9.37
3 12.49 11.1 10.91 10.76 10.65 10.51 10.25 9.38 9.37
4 12.52 11.08 10.87 10.73 10.61 10.46 10.13 9.37 9.36
5 12.48 11.07 10.88 10.75 10.66 10.54 10.21 9.36 9.36
6 12.49 11.08 10.83 10.72 10.62 10.46 9.98 9.36 9.35
7 12.51 10.99 10.82 10.69 10.59 10.47 10.21 9.35 9.34
8 12.49 10.96 10.75 10.62 10.49 10.33 9.97 9.35 9.34
9 12.49 10.97 10.78 10.65 10.55 10.41 10.11 9.36 9.35
10 12.5 11.02 10.85 10.72 10.62 10.49 10.1 9.36 9.36

LPAB discharge characteristics for Sample No_ 2 at +25°C obtained at 0 min_ from the moment the engine starts_

Measurement No. 0 m.
1 12.5
2 12.48
3 12.49
4 12.52
5 12.48
6 12.49
7 12.51
8 12.49
9 12.49
10 12.5

Results of one-time tests of LPAB at different external temperatures_

TEXT 0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
+50°C 12.49 11.32 11.06 10.81 10.77 10.65 10.41 9.38 9.27
+49°C 12.46 11.33 11.06 10.81 10.75 10.63 10.33 9.38 9.32
+48°C 12.52 11.32 11.11 10.93 10.80 10.68 10.48 9.41 9.31
+47°C 12.50 11.32 11.09 10.89 10.77 10.65 10.31 9.41 9.31
+46°C 12.49 11.29 11.07 10.88 10.76 10.63 10.21 9.41 9.34
+45°C 12.50 11.26 11.05 10.88 10.75 10.60 10.14 9.43 9.27
+40°C 12.50 11.15 11.01 10.80 10.70 10.55 10.00 9.38 9.32
+35°C 12.50 11.08 10.91 10.76 10.64 10.44 9.42 9.42 9.31
+30°C 12.50 11.01 10.88 10.74 10.61 10.39 9.43 9.40 9.34
+25°C 12.50 10.95 10.82 10.70 10.57 10.36 9.41 9.40 9.27
+20°C 12.48 10.88 10.77 10.68 10.57 10.37 9.42 9.40 9.32
+15°C 12.50 10.87 10.65 10.58 10.38 10.11 9.40 9.37 9.30
+10°C 12.49 10.86 10.59 10.48 10.29 9.94 9.39 9.37 9.33
+5°C 12.50 10.60 10.50 10.39 10.21 9.82 9.38 9.36 9.32
+4°C 12.49 10.67 10.53 10.36 10.21 10.01 9.46 9.40 9.34
+3°C 12.50 10.66 10.54 10.40 10.24 10.06 9.53 9.35 9.27
+2°C 12.48 10.63 10.51 10.42 10.28 10.07 9.60 9.34 9.32
+1°C 12.49 10.71 10.53 10.44 10.25 10.06 9.56 9.35 9.31
0°C 12.50 10.77 10.56 10.42 10.26 10.03 9.53 9.33 9.31
−1°C 12.49 10.45 10.53 10.40 10.22 10.01 9.50 9.32 9.31
−2°C 12.49 10.75 10.52 10.37 10.19 9.93 9.48 9.33 9.32
−3°C 12.50 10.70 10.49 10.36 10.19 9.92 9.45 9.33 9.32
−4°C 12.49 10.68 10.47 10.35 10.17 9.90 9.45 9.33 9.31
−5°C 12.49 10.67 10.46 10.34 10.17 9.89 9.43 9.32 9.27
−10°C 12.49 10.79 10.46 10.29 10.09 9.77 9.49 9.32 9.32
−15°C 12.48 10.42 10.19 10.02 9.76 9.66 9.43 9.33 9.31
−17°C 12.49 9.83 10.03 10.02 9.82 9.42 9.51 9.32 9.31
−20°C 12.48 9.72 9.83 9.88 9.51 9.63 9.50 9.35 9.34

Calculation of discrepancies a_

0.04
0.03 -0.01
0 -0.04 -0.03
0.04 0 0.01 0.04
0.03 -0.01 0 0.03 -0.01
0.01 -0.03 -0.02 0.01 -0.03 -0.02
0.03 -0.01 0 0.03 -0.01 0 0.02
0.03 -0.01 0 0.03 -0.01 0 0.02 0
0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.02 -0.02 -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.01

Discharge chracteristics for Sample No_ 2 at +25°C_

Meas. No. 0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
1 12.5 11.06 10.89 10.76 10.63 10.48 10.08 9.38 9.37
2 12.48 11.09 10.89 10.77 10.65 10.5 10.17 9.38 9.37
3 12.49 11.09 10.9 10.76 10.65 10.5 10.25 9.38 9.37
4 12.52 11.09 10.88 10.73 10.61 10.47 10.13 9.37 9.36
5 12.48 11.07 10.87 10.76 10.65 10.54 10.19 9.36 9.35
6 12.49 11.08 10.88 10.72 10.63 10.47 9.98 9.36 9.36
7 12.51 11 10.82 10.69 10.58 10.47 10.23 9.36 9.34
8 12.49 10.99 10.78 10.62 10.5 10.37 9.98 9.36 9.34
9 12.49 10.99 10.76 10.65 10.56 10.5 10.13 9.36 9.35
10 12.5 11.01 10.85 10.73 10.62 10.49 10.2 9.37 9.36

Overall average value and the overall dispersion of LPAB surface temperature measurements at an ambient temperature of +25°C_

0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
x¯ 22.595 25.595 31.085 33.365 35.520 36.745 36.010 35.200 34.670
S2 0.00155 0.00682 0.47818 0.00555 0.00800 0.00997 0.10832 0.02105 0.00642
C 0.079 0.165 1.383 0.149 0.179 0.199 0.658 0.290 0.160

Measurements f LPAB surface temperature of an LPAB at +25°C_

Meas. No. 0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
1 22.6 25.6 31.5 33.5 35.7 36.8 35.8 34.9 34.7
2 22.6 25.6 30.7 33.4 35.5 36.8 35.8 35.2 34.7
3 22.6 25.3 31.5 33.3 35.6 36.6 35.8 35.5 34.7
4 22.5 25.6 31.5 33.4 35.5 36.7 36.5 35.2 34.5
5 22.6 25.6 29.7 33.3 35.6 36.8 35.8 35.1 34.7
6 22.5 25.6 31.5 33.2 35.4 36.8 36.5 35.2 34.7
7 22.6 25.8 31.5 33.4 35.5 36.5 35.8 35.3 34.7
8 22.6 25.6 29.9 33.4 35.6 36.7 35.8 35.2 34.7
9 22.7 25.6 31.5 33.4 35.6 36.8 36.5 35.2 34.6
10 22.6 25.6 29.9 33.4 35.6 36.7 35.8 35.2 34.7

Overall average value and overall dispersion of voltage measurement results at a temperature of +25°C_

0 m. 1 m. 2 m. 3 m. 4 m. 5 m. 6 m. 7 m. 8 m.
12.500 11.050 10.850 10.720 10.610 10.470 10.130 9.370 9.360
S2 0.00018 0.0023 0.0024 0.0023 0.0024 0.0026 0.0086 0.000108 0.00013
C 0.027 0.095 0.098 0.096 0.097 0.102 0.190 0.021 0.023

LPAB discharge characteristics at +25°C obtained at 0 min_ from the moment the engine starts_

Measurement No. 0 m.
1 12.52
2 12.48
3 12.49
4 12.52
5 12.48
6 12.49
7 12.51
8 12.49
9 12.49
10 12.5
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