Gas Transport Characteristics of Hemocorrectors and Perfusates Based on Perfluorocarbon Blood-Substituting Emulsions

This review summarizes the data regarding the gas transport characteristics of hemocorrection and perfusates on the basis of low concentrated drugs nano-sized perfluorocarbonic 20% Perftoran (a blood substitute, it is allowed for clinical use in Russia), 20% Ftoremulsion III (an improved blood substitute, registered in Russia), 10-20% Perfusol (a perfusion solution for perfusion of the isolated heart), 20% Ftorem (a cardioplegic emulsion for surgeries on the stopped heart) used in the biomedical field. The compensation of blood loss using traditional plasma substitutes without the gas transport function or with low gas transport characteristics leads to a decrease in the oxygen capacity of the resulting mixture and subsequently to deterioration in the oxygen transport characteristics of blood. The synthetic gas-transport blood substitutes can be used in the treatment of various forms of ischemia, such as carbon monoxide poisoning. Furthermore, recent results regarding the mechanism of COVID19 infection indicate a possible use of the synthetic gas-transport blood substitutes in the treatment and therapy of COVID19 infected patients.