[
Berlin M, Jansson G, KA Høgberg, Helmersson A (2019) Analysis of non-additive genetic effects in Norway spruce. Tree Genetics & Genomes 15:42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-019-1350-9
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Beuker E (1994) Adaptation to climatic changes of the timing of bud burst in opulations of Pinus sylvestris L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst. Tree Physiology, 14: 961-970. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/14.7-8-9.961
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Burdon RD (1977) Genetic correlation as a concept for studying genotype-environment interaction in forest tree breeding. Silvae Genetica 26:168-175.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Butler, D (2009) asreml: asreml() fits the linear mixed model. R package version 3.0. www.vsn.co.uk
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Butlerr DG, Cullis BR, Gilmour AR, Gogel BG, Thompson R (2017) ASReml-RReference Manual Version 4. emel Hempstead, HP1 1ES, UK: VSN International Ltd.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cannell MGR, Thompson S, Lines R (1976) An Analysis of Inherent Differences in Shoot Growth Within Some North Temperate Conifers. In Cannell. MGR and Last, FT (eds) Tree Physiology and Yield Improvement, pp 173 - 205. London: Academic Press.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chen ZQ, Hai HNT, Helmersson A, Liziniewicz M, Hallingbäck HR, Fries A, Berlin M, Wu HX (2020) Advantage of clonal deployment in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst). Annals of Forest Science 77:14. Annals of Forest Science (2020) 77:14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-0920-1
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Chmura DJ (2006) Phenology differs among Norway spruce populations in relation to local variation in altitude of maternal stands in the Beskidy Mountains. New Forests, 32:21-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-005-3390-2
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cornelius J (1994) Heritabilties and additive genetic coefficients of variation in forest trees. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:372-379. https://doi.org/10.1139/x94-050
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Dæhlen AG, Johnsen Ø, Kohmann K (1995) Høstfrostherdighet hos unge gran-planter fra norske provenienser og frøplantasjer (Autumn frost hardiness in young seedlings of Norway spruce from Norwegian provenances and seed orchards). Rapp. Skogforsk, 1/95:1-24.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Falconer DS, Mackay TFC(1996). Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 4th ed. Longman Group Ltd. London 464 pp.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gilmour AR, Gogel, BJ Cullis BR,Thompson R (2006) ASReml user guide. Hemel Hempstead, UK.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hannerz M, Sonesson J, Ekberg I (1999) Genetic correlations between growth and growth rhythm observed in a short-term test and performance in long-term field trials of Norway spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29:768-778. https://doi.org/10.1139/x99-056
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Helmersson A, Westin J (2019) Tidig tillväxtstart för gran (Picea abies (L.) kan påverka andelen dubbeltoppar. ARBETSRAPPORT. Uppsala: Skogforsk. 44 pp.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Houle D (1992) Comparing evolvability and variability of quantitative traits. Genetics 130:195-204. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/130.1.195
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Huang W, Mackay TFC (2016) The Genetic Architecture of Quantitative Traits Cannot Be Inferred from Variance Component Analysis. PLOS Genetics November 3, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006421
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hänninen H (1991) Does climatic warming increase the risk of frost damage in northern trees? Plant Cell and Environment 14:449-454. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb01514.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Högberg KA, Karlsson B (1998).Nursery selection of Picea abies clones and effects in field trials. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 13 (1): 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827589809382957
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Jansson G, Li B, Hannrup B (2003) Time trends in genetic parameters for height and optimal age for parental selection in Scots pine. Forest Science, 49 (5): 696-705.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kramer M, Erbe M, Bapst B, Bieber B, Simianer H (2013) Estimation of genetic parameters for novel functional traits in Brown Swiss cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 96: 5954-5964. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6236
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kroon J, Ericsson T, Jansson G, Andersson B (2011) Patterns of genetic parameters for height in field genetic tests of Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris in Sweden. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7: 1099-1111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-011-0398-y
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lambeth CC (1980 Juvenile-mature correlations in Pinaceae and implications for early selection. Forest Science, 26: 571-580.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lande R, Shannon S (1996) The role of genetic variation in adaptation and population persistence in a changing environment. Evolution 50 (1): 434-437. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb04504.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Langvall O (2011) Impact of climate change, seedling type and provenance on the risk of damage to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings in Sweden due to early summer frosts. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 26: 56-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2011.564399
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Larsen JB, Wellendorf H (1990) Early Test in Picea abies Full Sibs by Applying Gas Exchange, Frost Resistance and Growth Measurements. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 5: 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827589009382620
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lussana C, Tveito OE, Dobler A, Tunheim T (2019) seNorge_2018, daily precipitation, and temperature datasets over Norway. Earth System Science Data 11 (4): 1531-1551. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1531-2019
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mikola J (1989) Age-to age correlations for growth among families and provenances of Norway spruce. In Stener, L.-G. & Werner, M. (eds). Report No. 11. Uppsala: The Institute for Forest Improvement. 113-123 pp.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Milesi P, Berlin M, Chen J, Orsucci M, Li LL, Jansson G, Karlsson B, Lascoux M (2019) Assessing the potential for assisted gene flow using past introduction of Norway spruce in southern Sweden: Local adaptation and genetic basis of quantitative traits in trees. Evolutionary Applications 12: 1946-1959. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12855
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T (1996) Diallel crosses in Picea abies. II. Performance and inbreeding depression of selfed families. Forest Genetics 3: 69-79.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Tho T (1990) Diallel Crosses in Picea abies I. Variation in seed yield and seed weight. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 5:355-367. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827589009382619
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Magnussen S (1993) Provenance Variation in Shoot Growth Components of Norway Spruce. Silvae Genetica 42: 111-120.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Steffenrem A (2016) Selection in a provenance trial of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) produced a land race with desirable properties. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 31: 439-449. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2015.1081983
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Solvin TM (2019) Genetic variation and inheritance in a 9 x 9 diallel in silver birch (Betula pendula). Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 34:178-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2019.1576921
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Steffenrem A (2019) Genetic variation in phenology and growth among and within Norway spruce populations from two altitudinal tran-sects in Mid-Norway. Silva Fennica 53: 19. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10076
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Solvin TM, Steffenrem A (2023a) Diallel crosses in Picea abies III. Variation and inheritance patterns in nursery trials. Silvae Genetica 72: 49-57. https://doi.org/sg-2023-0005
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Skrøppa T, Solvin TM, Steffenrem A (2023b) Diallel crosses in Picea abies IV. Genetic variation and inheritance patterns in short-term trials. Silvae Genetica 72: 58-71. https://doi.org/sg-2023-0006
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sonesson J, Jansson G, Eriksson G (2002) Retrospective genetic testing of Picea abies under controlled temperature and moisture regimes. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 32:81-91. https://doi.org/10.1139/x01-175
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Stinchcombe JR (2005) Measuring natural selection on proportional traits: Comparisons of three types of selection estimates for resistance and susceptibility to herbivore damage. Evolutionary Ecology 19:363-373. Evolutionary Ecology (2005) 19: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-005-7550-9
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ununger J, Ekberg I, Kang H (1988) Genetic control and age-related changes of juvenile growth characters in Picea abies. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 3: 55-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/02827588809382495
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vestjordet E (1967) Functions and Tables for Volume of Standing Trees. Norway Spruce. Meddelelser Fra Det Norske Skogforsøksvesen 22:545-574.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
von Wühlisch G, Muhs HJ (1986) Influence of Age on Sylleptic and Proleptic Free Growth of Norway Spruce Seedlings. Silvae Genetica 35:42-48.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Wu HX (1998) Study of early selection in tree breeding - 1. Advantage of early selection through increase of selection intensity and reduction of field test size. Silvae Genetica 47:146-155.
]Search in Google Scholar