Incorporating User Behaviour Into System Dynamics Modelling: A Case Study of Private vs. Public Transport in Latvia

[1] Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Official Journal of the European Union L 328/82, 2018. Search in Google Scholar

[2] European Environment Agency. Use of renewable energy for transport in Europe. [Online]. [Accessed 13. 04. 2021]. Available: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/use-of-cleaner-and-alternative-fuels-2/assessment. Search in Google Scholar

[3] Barisa A., Rosa M. Scenario analysis of CO₂ emission reduction potential in road transport sector in Latvia. Energy Procedia 2018:147:86–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.03610.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.036 Search in Google Scholar

[4] Yang Chao and Miao Zishan. System Dynamics Model of Shanghai Passenger Transportation Structure Evolution. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013:96:1110–1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.12710.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.127 Search in Google Scholar

[5] McKenzie E. C., Durango-Cohen P. L. Environmental life-cycle assessment of transit buses with alternative fuel technology. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2012:17(1):39–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.09.00810.1016/j.trd.2011.09.008 Search in Google Scholar

[6] Yanzhi Xu., Gbologah F. E., Dong-Yeon Lee., Haobing Liu., Rodgers M. O, Randall L.Guensler. Assessment of alternative fuel and powertrain transit bus options using real-workd operations data: Life-fyfle fuel and emissions modeling. Applied Energy 2015:154:143–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.11210.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.112 Search in Google Scholar

[7] Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. Mobility Survey of Latvia Population. 2018. [Online]. [Accessed 12. 01. 2021.] Available: https://www.csb.gov.lv/en/statistics/statistics-by-theme/transport-tourism/transport/search-in-theme/357-results-survey-mobility-survey-latvia. Search in Google Scholar

[8] Holmgren J., Ivehammar P. Mode choice in home-to-work travel in mid-size towns: The competitiveness of public transport when bicycling and walking are viable options. Transportation Research Procedia 2020:48:1635–1643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.20410.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.204 Search in Google Scholar

[9] Oña de J., Estévez E., Oña R. Public transport users versus private vehicle users: Differences about quality of service, satisfaction and attitudes toward public transport in Madrid (Spain). Travel Behaviour and Society 2021:23:76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2020.11.00310.1016/j.tbs.2020.11.003 Search in Google Scholar

[10] Tyrinopoulos J., Antoniou C. Public transit user satisfaction: Variability and policy implications. Transport Policy 2008:15(4):260–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2008.06.00210.1016/j.tranpol.2008.06.002 Search in Google Scholar

[11] Oña de J., Estévez E., Oña R. Public transport users versus private vehicle users: Differences about quality of service, satisfaction and attitudes toward public transport in Madrid (Spain). Travel Behaviour and Society 2021:23:76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2020.11.00310.1016/j.tbs.2020.11.003 Search in Google Scholar

[12] Tyrinopoulos Y., Antoniou C. Public transit user satisfaction: Variability and policy implications. Transport Policy 2008:15(4):260–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2008.06.00210.1016/j.tranpol.2008.06.002 Search in Google Scholar

[13] Chauhan V., Gupta A., Parida M. Demystifying service quality of Multimodal Transportation Hub (MMTH) through measuring users’ satisfaction of public transport. Transport Policy 2021:102:47–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.01.00410.1016/j.tranpol.2021.01.004 Search in Google Scholar

[14] Bull O., Muñoz J. C., Silva H. E. The impact of fare-free public transport on travel behavior: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Regional Science and Urban Economics 2021:86:103616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2020.10361610.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2020.103616 Search in Google Scholar

[15] Fearnley N. Free Fares Policies: Impact on Public Transport Mode Share and Other Transport Policy Goals. International Journal of Transportation 2013:1(1):75–90. https://doi.org/10.14257/ijt.2013.1.1.0510.14257/ijt.2013.1.1.05 Search in Google Scholar

[16] Baum H. J. Free public transport. The proposal in the Federal Republic of Germany. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 1973:7(1):3–19. Search in Google Scholar

[17] Urbanek A. Potential of modal shift from private cars to public transport: A survey on the commuters’ attitudes and willingness to switch – A case study of Silesia Province, Poland. Research in Transportation Economics 2021:85:101008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.10100810.1016/j.retrec.2020.101008 Search in Google Scholar

[18] Holmgren J., Ivehammar P. Mode choice in home-to-work travel in mid-size towns: The competitiveness of public transport when bicycling and walking are viable options. Transportation Research Procedia 2020:48:1635–1643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.20410.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.204 Search in Google Scholar

[19] Barisa A., Rosa M. A system dynamics model for CO₂ emission mitigation policy design in road transport sector. Energy Procedia 2018:147:419–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.11210.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.112 Search in Google Scholar

[20] Urbanek A. Potential of modal shift from private cars to public transport: A survey on the commuters’ attitudes and willingness to switch – A case study of Silesia Province, Poland. Research in Transportation Economics 2021:85:101008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.10100810.1016/j.retrec.2020.101008 Search in Google Scholar