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Sunitinib potentiates the cytotoxic effect of electrochemotherapy in pancreatic carcinoma cells

Masa Bosnjak

Masa Bosnjak

  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
  • Faculty of Pharmacy, University of LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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Bosnjak, Masa
, 
Tanja Jesenko

Tanja Jesenko

  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
  • Faculty of Medicine, University of LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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Jesenko, Tanja
, 
Bostjan Markelc

Bostjan Markelc

  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
  • Faculty of Health Sciences, University of LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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Markelc, Bostjan
, 
Anja Cerovsek

Anja Cerovsek

Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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Cerovsek, Anja
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Gregor Sersa

Gregor Sersa

  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
  • Faculty of Health Sciences, University of LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
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Sersa, Gregor
 und 
Maja Cemazar

Maja Cemazar

  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, Slovenia
  • Faculty of Health Sciences, University of PrimorskaIzola, Slovenia
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Cemazar, Maja
  
28. März 2022
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Artikel-Kategorie: Research Article
Online veröffentlicht: 28. März 2022
Seitenbereich: 164 - 172
Eingereicht: 10. Feb. 2022
Akzeptiert: 02. März 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2022-0009
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© 2022 Masa Bosnjak, Tanja Jesenko, Bostjan Markelc, Anja Cerovsek, Gregor Sersa, Maja Cemazar, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Survival fraction of BxPC-3 cells after electrochemotherapy (ECT). Survival of cells treated with ECT with bleomycin after 3 days (A) and 7 days (B) and survival fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with ECT with cisplatin after 3 (C) and 7 days (D). The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. untreated control cells, n = 3.
Survival fraction of BxPC-3 cells after electrochemotherapy (ECT). Survival of cells treated with ECT with bleomycin after 3 days (A) and 7 days (B) and survival fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with ECT with cisplatin after 3 (C) and 7 days (D). The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. untreated control cells, n = 3.

Figure 2

Targeted therapy of BxPC-3 pancreatic carcinoma cells with sunitinib. (A) Expression of different tyrosine kinases as sunitinib targets; n = 2. Surviving fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with different sunitinib concentrations incubated for (B) 3 and (C) 7 days. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. untreated control cells, n = 3. FLT1 = fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1/VEGFR1; FLT3 = fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3; KDR = kinase insert domain receptor/VEGFR2; KIT = KIT proto-oncogene; RET = ret proto-oncogene; PDGFR = platelet-derived growth factor receptor
Targeted therapy of BxPC-3 pancreatic carcinoma cells with sunitinib. (A) Expression of different tyrosine kinases as sunitinib targets; n = 2. Surviving fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with different sunitinib concentrations incubated for (B) 3 and (C) 7 days. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. untreated control cells, n = 3. FLT1 = fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1/VEGFR1; FLT3 = fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3; KDR = kinase insert domain receptor/VEGFR2; KIT = KIT proto-oncogene; RET = ret proto-oncogene; PDGFR = platelet-derived growth factor receptor

Figure 3

Surviving fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with ECT monotherapy with bleomycin (A) or cisplatin (B) combined with 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 statistically significant difference vs. annotated groups, n = 3.
Surviving fraction of BxPC-3 cells treated with ECT monotherapy with bleomycin (A) or cisplatin (B) combined with 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 statistically significant difference vs. annotated groups, n = 3.

Figure 4

The combination of ECT with bleomycin and sunitinib resulted in a higher number of dead cells. (A) Number of dead cells detected every 4 hours during kinetic measurement (A) after ECT single treatment, (B) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to Ctrl, (C) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to EP and (D) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to ECT. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. annotated groups, n = 3. Ctrl = untreated control cells; ECT = electrochemotherapy; EP = electroporated cells only
The combination of ECT with bleomycin and sunitinib resulted in a higher number of dead cells. (A) Number of dead cells detected every 4 hours during kinetic measurement (A) after ECT single treatment, (B) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to Ctrl, (C) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to EP and (D) after addition of 2.5, 5 or 7.5 μM sunitinib to ECT. The values are presented as the AM ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. annotated groups, n = 3. Ctrl = untreated control cells; ECT = electrochemotherapy; EP = electroporated cells only
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