Epidemiology of oral mucosal lesions in Slovenia
, , , , und | 11. Sept. 2018
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Article Category: Research Article
Online veröffentlicht: 11. Sept. 2018
Seitenbereich: 263 - 266
Eingereicht: 11. Apr. 2018
Akzeptiert: 23. Juni 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2018-0031
© 2018 Andrej Aleksander Kansky, Vojko Didanovic, Tadej Dovsak, Bozana Loncar Brzak, Ivica Pelivan, Diana Terlevic, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Prevalence of tobacco smoking and most frequent oral lesions, precancerous lesions (oral lichen planus and leukoplakia) and oral cancer. Exsmokers who have stopped smoking more than 10 years ago are considered as non-smokers. Statistically significant association was found only between oral cancer and tobacco smoking (p < 0.05, chi-square = 40.23)
| Study group(N = 2395; %) | Cheek biting (N = 39) | Linea alba (N = 38) | Fibroma (N = 56) | Fordyce spots (N = 46) | Oral cancer (N = 9) | Oral lichen planus (N = 26) | Oral leukoplakia (N = 12) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smokers | 392; 16.37% | 20; 51.28% | 15; 39.47% | 10; 17.86% | 11; 23.91% | 9∗∗; 100% | 6; 23.1% | 4; 3.33% |
| Non-smokers | 2003; 83.63% | 19; 48.72% | 23; | 46; | 35; 76.08% | 0; 0% | 20; 76.9% | 8; 6.66% |
| 60.53% | 82.14% |
Frequency of oral lesions in non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers
| Without oral lesions | Oral lesions present | One oral lesion | Two or more oral lesions | The most frequent oral lesion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (N = 904) | Non-smokers (N = 719) | 531 (73.85%) | 188 (26.14%) | 154/188 (81.91%) | 34/188 (18.08%) | Fordyce spots |
| Smokers (N = 166) | 117 (70.48%) | 49 (29.51%) | 35/49 (71.5%) | 14/49 (28.5%) | cheek biting | |
| Ex-smokers (N = 19) | 15 (78.94 %) | 4 (21.05%) | 4/4 | - | - | |
| Female (N = 1491) | Non-smokers (N = 1249) | 914 (73.17%) | 335 (26.82%) | 288/335 (85.97%) | 47/335 (14.02%) | fibroma |
| Smokers (N = 226) | 163 (72.12%) | 63 (27.87%) | 53/63 (84.12%) | 10/63 (15.85%) | linea alba | |
| Ex-smokers (N = 16) | 10 (62.5%) | 6 (37.5%) | 6/6 | - | traumatic ulcer |
Frequency of lesion occurrence, diagnosis and percentage of the lesion within the whole sample and within the sample with oral lesions
| Frequency of occurrence | Oral lesion | Number and % within the whole sample and within the patients with oral lesions |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | fibroma | 56 (2.33%–8.7 %) |
| 2. | gingivitis | 51 (2.12%–7.90%) |
| 3. | Fordyce spots | 46 (1.92%–7.13%) |
| 4. | white coated tongue | 40 (1.67%–6.20%) |
| 5. | cheek biting | 39 (1.62%–6.04%) |
| 6. | linea alba | 38 ( 1.58%–5.89%) |
| 7. | denture stomatitis | 36 (1.50%–5.58%) |
| 8. | geographic tongue | 32 (1.33%–4.96%) |
| 9. | recurrent aphthous ulceration | 31 (1.29%–4.80%) |
| 10. | fissured tongue | 27 (1.12%–4.18%) |
| 11. | traumatic ulcer | 27 (1.12%–4.18%) |
| 12. | lichen | 26 (1.08%–4.03%) |
| 13. | mucosal pigmentation | 25 (1.04%–3.87%) |
| 14. | amalgam tattoo | 21 (0.87%–3.25%) |
| 15. | vascular lesions | 21 (0.87%–3.25%) |
| 16. | hyperkeratosis | 21 (0.87%–3.25%) |
| 17. | mucocele | 20 (0.83%–3.10%) |
| 18. | haemangioma | 19 (0.79%–2.94%) |
| 19. | papilloma | 18 (0.75%–2.79%) |
| 20. | reccurrent herpes | 15 (0.62%–2.32%) |
| 21. | decubital ulcer | 15 (0.62%–2.32%) |
| 22. | leukoplakia | 12 (0.50%–1.86%) |
| 23. | papillitis lingue | 10 (0.41%–1.55%) |
| 24. | oral squamous cell carcinoma | 9 (0.37%–1.39%) |
| 25. | mucosal petechiae | 7 (0.29%–1.08%) |
| 26. | candidal infection | 7 (0.29%–1.08%) |
| 27. | leukoedema | 5 (0.20%–0.77%) |
| 28. | frictional hyperkeratosis | 5 (0.20%–0.77%) |
| 29. | teeth impressions on the mucosa | 4 (0.16%–0.62%) |
| 30. | haematoma after bite | 3 (0.12%–0.46%) |
| 31. | black hairy tongue | 3 (0.12%–0.46%) |
| 32. | angular cheilitis | 2 (0.08%–0.31%) |
| 33. | median rhomboid glossitis | 2 (0.08%–0.31%) |
| 34. | lingua accreta | 2 (0.08%–0,31%) |
| 35. | hyperplastic candidiasis | 1 (0.04%–0.15%) |
| 36. | nicotine stomatitis | 1 (0.04%–0.15%) |