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Impact of the Tengiz Oil Field on the State of Land Cover

Asyma G. Koshim
Asyma G. Koshim
, 
Aigul M. Sergeyeva
Aigul M. Sergeyeva
 und 
Asset Yegizbayeva
Asset Yegizbayeva
   | 24. Juni 2022
Quaestiones Geographicae's Cover Image
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Online veröffentlicht: 24. Juni 2022
Seitenbereich: 83 - 93
Eingereicht: 04. Nov. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0022
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© 2022 Asyma G. Koshim et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Oil production in the world.Source: own research, data taken from the official site of the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the official site of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Oil production in the world.Source: own research, data taken from the official site of the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the official site of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Fig. 2

An overview map of the study area (Tengiz oil field).Source: own elaboration.
An overview map of the study area (Tengiz oil field).Source: own elaboration.

Fig. 3

Tengiz oil field. Gas processing plant-2.Source: photo taken by the authors.
Tengiz oil field. Gas processing plant-2.Source: photo taken by the authors.

Fig. 4

The infrastructure of the Tengiz oil field.Source: Map data ©2022 Google Earth, CNES Airbus/Tengiz, Kazakhstan.
The infrastructure of the Tengiz oil field.Source: Map data ©2022 Google Earth, CNES Airbus/Tengiz, Kazakhstan.

Fig. 5

Landscape cover on the territory of the Tengiz oil field based on the results of NDVI.NDVI – normalised difference vegetation index; S2A – Sentinel-2A.Source: own elaboration.
Landscape cover on the territory of the Tengiz oil field based on the results of NDVI.NDVI – normalised difference vegetation index; S2A – Sentinel-2A.Source: own elaboration.

Characteristics of the Tengiz oil field.

Parameter Details
Initial parameters
  Coordinates 46°09′10″N, 52°23′00″E
  Location within Atyrau region Zhylyoi district
  Opened (year) 1979
  Oil-saturation factor 0.82
  Gas oil ratio 487 me × me−1
  Formation pressure 84.24 MPa
  Temperature 105°C
Oil-related parameters
  Oil density 789 kg × m−3
Constituent elements (%)
  Sulphur 0.7
  Paraffinic 3.69
  Low-resin 1.14
  Oil reserves 1.8 trillion m3
  Extractable volume of oil 750 million–1125 billion tons
  Estimated volume of oil 3,133 billion tons
  Associated petroleum gas reserves 1.8 trillion m3
Field-related parameters
  Total field size 565 km2
  Depth of oil layer 4,000–5,700 m
  Oil reservoir length 19 km (12 ml)
  Oil reservoir width 21 km (13 ml)
  Oil reservoir area 399 km2
  Oil layer height 1,200–1,500 m
  Number of wells 255
  Average density of wells 1.2 pcs × km−2
  Number of gas processing plants 3
  Oil development partners

JSC NC “KazMunayGas” (20%),

Chevron Overseas (50%),

ExxonMobil (25%),

Lukoil (5%)

Summary of the datasets used: Satellite images and their sensors with resolutions.

Satellite images and sensors Resolution (m)
LT05_L1TP_165028_19900807_20200915_02_T1 TM 30
LT05_L1TP_165028_20000802_20200906_02_T1 TM 30
LC08_L1TP_165028_20200809_20200918_02_T1 OLI-TIRS 30
S2A_MSIL2A_20200808T072621_N0214_R049_T39TXM_20200808T100005 S2A 10

The ratio of landscape cover elements in the territory of the Tengiz oil field according to the results of NDVI.

Lulc classes based on NDVI 1990 2000 2020 2020_sent
Water body (salt marshes/artificial ponds) 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1
Industrial facilities 12.9 20.9 23.8 28.1
Barren land 85.8 74.2 75.5 72.0
Shrub land 0.9 3.6 0.7 0.7
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