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Cluster Policy in the Russian Federation: A Сase Study of Industrial Clusters

Irina Rodionova
Irina Rodionova
, 
Tatiana Krejdenko
Tatiana Krejdenko
 und 
Cezary Mądry
Cezary Mądry
   | 26. Apr. 2018
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Online veröffentlicht: 26. Apr. 2018
Seitenbereich: 61 - 75
Eingereicht: 25. Jan. 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0021
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© 2018 Irina Rodionova et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Spatial distribution of clusters in the federal districts of Russia (2008–2017).Source: own compilation based on: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/main and http://map.cluster.hse.ru/list.
Spatial distribution of clusters in the federal districts of Russia (2008–2017).Source: own compilation based on: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/main and http://map.cluster.hse.ru/list.

Fig. 2

Number of cluster participants in Russia by regions in 2017 (in %). The total number of participants: 3442.Source: own compilation based on: Karta klasterov…
Number of cluster participants in Russia by regions in 2017 (in %). The total number of participants: 3442.Source: own compilation based on: Karta klasterov…

Fig. 3

Employment in clusters in Russia by regions in 2017 (in %). The total number of employees: 1,452,870 people.Source: own compilation based on: Karta klasterov…
Employment in clusters in Russia by regions in 2017 (in %). The total number of employees: 1,452,870 people.Source: own compilation based on: Karta klasterov…

Selected indicators of special technical-implementation economic zones of the Russian Federation in 2012 and 2014 (cumulative values).

UnitNumber of jobsTaxes paid by SSE residents as percentage of taxes collected in the region (%)Value of investment (million rouble)
201220142012201420122014
Saint Petersburg4359660,20,123374225
Moscow79410620,010,0121621832
Moscow Oblast103616840,020,0320683109
Tomsk Oblast108514740,160,2337081457
The Republic of TatarstanSEZ established in November 2012. No data on the evaluation of efficiency for the givenperiod

Selected data for clusters of the high and middle organisational level in the Russian Federation.

ClusterPlacementSpecialisationNumber of participantsNumber of employeesYear of startingLevel of organisationStatus
Kamsky innovative territorial and production clusterThe Republic of TatarstanAutomotive and production of auto components213151,5612012High1
Petrochemical territorial clusterThe Republic of BashkortostanChemical production18730,4972012High1
Consortium scientific-educational-production cluster “Ulyanovsk-Avia”Ulyanovsk OblastAircraft building7730,0282009High1
Biotechnological innovation territorial cluster of PushchinoMoscow OblastIndustrial biotechnologies688,7062012Average1
Development of information technologies clusterSt. PetersburgInformation and communication technologies6620,8381999High12
Udmurt machine-building clusterUdmurt RepublicDefense industry6136,2112015High12
Innovative cluster of information and biopharmaceutical technologiesNovosibirsk OblastInformation and communication technologies6012,8692013High1
Pharmaceutical, biotechnology and biomedicine clusterKaluga OblastPharmaceuticals5411,2592012High12
Nuclear-innovation cluster in DimitrovgradUlyanovsk OblastNuclear and radiation technology5426,4702010High12
Innovative territorial cluster “Zelenograd”MoscowMicroelectronics and instrument making537,7722013Average1
Complex processing of coal and production wasteKemerovo OblastEnvironmental protection and recycling468,0152012Average12
Innovative territorial cluster “Technopolis” New StarPerm KraiSpace industry4434,6962012Average1
Innovative territorial cluster of fibre-optic technologies “Photonics”Perm KraiOptics and photonics3415,7622014Average13
The territorial and branch cluster AGROPOLIS “ALKYAGROBIOPROM”The Republic of TatarstanEnvironmental protection and recycling321,0252014Average1
Innovative territorial timber industry cluster “PomorInnovaLes”Arkhangelsk OblastForestry and woodworking; pulp and paper industry3120,1102014Average3
Cluster of information technologiesVologda OblastInformation and communication technologies318712013Average2
Moscow cluster of medical technologies “Yuzhny”MoscowMedical industry2912,1822015Average–
Energy-efficient lighting technology and intelligent lighting control systemsThe Republic of MordoviaMicroelectronics and instrument making249,8662013Average1
Shipbuilding Innovative Territorial ClusterArkhangelsk OblastShipbuilding2350,4172012Average12
Engineering-production cluster “Biomed”Penza OblastMedical industry152,2642012Average23
Innovative territorial aerospace clusterSamara OblastSpace industry1343,2572012Average1
Cluster of medical, pharmaceutical industry, radiation technologiesSt. PetersburgPharmaceuticals133,6262011Average12

Stages of shaping cluster policy in Russia.

Name of the period/phaseYearsMain features
Soviet perioduntil 1991Shaping Territorial-Production Complexes and energy-production cycles as spatial forms of organising economy
Period of regional cluster initiatives1991–2006Creating and developing cluster prototypes in Russia’s regions, implemented as part of the regional policy of the Russian Federation entities
Period of clustering of the innovative sphere2006–2007Development of clustering as part of special technical and implementation economic zones
Period of state cluster initiatives2007–2014Developing a legal framework for clustering, forming technological platforms, active state support for innovation and territorial clusters
Period of activation of regional cluster initiativesfrom 2014 until nowActive creation and development of clusterinitiatives based on innovation, inter-company links and the development of competitiveness
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