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Costs and benefits of reducing air pollutant emissions as a result of bringing coal and lignite-fired power plants into compliance with BAT LCP conclusions

Janusz Lewandowski
Janusz Lewandowski
, 
Krzysztof Melka
Krzysztof Melka
, 
Anna Dubel
Anna Dubel
 und 
Maria Kłeczek
Maria Kłeczek
   | 31. Dez. 2023
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Online veröffentlicht: 31. Dez. 2023
Seitenbereich: 62 - 68
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2023-0010
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© 2023 Janusz Lewandowski et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by coal in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates
Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by coal in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Figure 2.

Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by lignite in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates
Emission volumes for examined pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants fired by lignite in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Figure 3.

Total emissions of pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants, fired by coal and lignite in 2017 and after adaptation to BAT LCP conclusions and percentage reduction rates
Total emissions of pollutants from the sector of main activity producer electricity plants, fired by coal and lignite in 2017 and after adaptation to BAT LCP conclusions and percentage reduction rates

Unit external costs of air pollution and total benefits of reductions due to compliance with BAT LCP conclusions.

Pollutants SO2 NOx PM10 PM2.5
Avoided emission [Mg/year] 41 123 36 710 1 092 468
Unit external costs of emissions [EURO/Mg] 14 289 8 457 27 684 42 634
Total benefits [EURO/year] 587 613 339 310 458 410 30 230 085 19 952 156
50 182 2411)

Total costs of reducing emissions of the examined pollutants from coal and lignite combustion, related to compliance with BAT LCP Conclusions

Type of fuel Costs of reducing emissions [EURO/year]
SO2 NOx TSP
Coal 9 608 019 17 897 638 4 996
Lignite 8 274 080 3 950 497 2 715
Total 17 882 099 21 848 135 7 710

Product emission factors for coal- and lignite-fired power plants in 2017 and after adjustment to the BAT conclusions

Fuel type 2017 After adjustment to the BAT conclusions
SO2 Pcee [kg/GJ] NOx Pcee [kg/GJ] TSP Pcee [kg/GJ] SO2 Pcee [kg/GJ] NOx Pcee [kg/GJ] TSP Pcee [kg/GJ]
Coal 0.186 0.254 0.0113 0.119 0.135 0.0075
Lignite1) 0.282 0.231 0.0120 0.146 0.187 0.0086

Avoided emissions from combustion of the examined fuels in different types of boilers due to compliance with the BAT LCP conclusions

Type of boiler and fuel Power rate [MWt] Avoided emissions [Mg/year]
SO2 NOx TSP
KP-WK 300–1000 7 407 3 760 389
KP-WK ≥1000 8 403 24 491 540
KF-WK 300–1000 319 350 01)
KF-WK ≥1000 01) 16 01)
KP-WB 300–1000 1 111 706 49
KP-WB ≥1000 22 423 7 387 152
KF-WB ≥1000 1 460 01) 430
Total 41 123 36 710 1 560

Average operating hours of facilities based on data from the Ministry of Environment [Podręcznik dotyczący zasad udzielania odstępstw… 2017]

Technology Operating hours [h/year]
KP-WK 4000
KF-WK 5500
KP-WB 5800
KF-WB 6500

Unit costs of SO2, NOx, and TSP emission reductions for existing LCP facilities with no high-efficiency flue gas cleaning systems

Type of boiler and fuel Power rate [MWt] CAPEX and OPEX 2021 [EURO/Mg]
SO2 NOx TSP
KP-WK 300–1000 565.53 720.11 6.60
KP-WK ≥1000 630.49 605.88 4.50
KF-WK 300–1000 379.61 968.25 4.731)
KF-WK ≥1000 363.681) 764.28 3.201)
KP-WB 300–1000 388.39 576.90 10.04
KP-WB ≥1000 330.79 479.67 6.81
KF-WB 300–1000 350.07 694.67 4.05
KF-WB ≥1000 291.20 549.011) 2.75
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