Unboxing news automation

Ahuja, M., Patel, P. & Suh, A. (2018). The influence of social media on collective action in the context of digital activism: An affordance approach. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 2203-2212). NY, USA: Hawaii International Ahuja M. Patel P. & Suh A. 2018 The influence of social media on collective action in the context of digital activism: An affordance approach Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2203 2212 NY, USA Hawaii International10.24251/HICSS.2018.275Search in Google Scholar

Arenberg, T. & Lowrey, W. (2018). The impact of web metrics on community news decisions: A resource dependence perspective. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 1-19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699018801318 Arenberg T. & Lowrey W. 2018 The impact of web metrics on community news decisions: A resource dependence perspective Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 1 19 https://doi.org/10.1177/107769901880131810.1177/1077699018801318Search in Google Scholar

Belair-Gagnon, V. & Holton, A. E. (2018). Boundary work, interloper media, and analytics in news-rooms: An analysis of the roles of web analytics companies in news production. Digital Journalism 6(4): 492-508. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1445001 Belair-Gagnon V. & Holton A. E. 2018 Boundary work, interloper media, and analytics in news-rooms: An analysis of the roles of web analytics companies in news production Digital Journalism 64 492 508 https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.144500110.1080/21670811.2018.1445001Search in Google Scholar

Blewett, C. & Hugo, W. (2016). Actant affordances: A brief history of affordance theory and a Latourian extension for education technology research. Critical Studies in Teaching and Learning 4(1): 55-73. Blewett C. & Hugo W. 2016 Actant affordances: A brief history of affordance theory and a Latourian extension for education technology research Critical Studies in Teaching and Learning 41 55 7310.14426/cristal.v4i1.50Search in Google Scholar

boyd, D. & Crawford, K. (2012). Critical questions for big data: Provocations for a cultural, technological, and scholarly phenomenon. Information, Communication & Society 15(5): 662-679. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.678878 boyd D. & Crawford K. 2012 Critical questions for big data: Provocations for a cultural, technological, and scholarly phenomenon Information, Communication & Society 155 662 679 https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.67887810.1080/1369118X.2012.678878Search in Google Scholar

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 3(2): 77-101. Braun V. & Clarke V. 2006 Using thematic analysis in psychology Qualitative Research in Psychology 32 77 10110.1191/1478088706qp063oaSearch in Google Scholar

Broussard, M. (2018). Artificial unintelligence: How computers misunderstand the world. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Broussard M. 2018 Artificial unintelligence: How computers misunderstand the world Cambridge, MA MIT Press10.7551/mitpress/11022.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Bucher, T. & Helmond, A. (2018). The affordances of social media platforms. In J. Burgess, A. Mar-wick & T. Poell (eds.), The SAGE handbook of social media (pp. 233-253). Sage Publications. Bucher T. & Helmond A. 2018 The affordances of social media platforms Burgess J. Mar-wick A. & Poell T. The SAGE handbook of social media 233 253 Sage Publications10.4135/9781473984066.n14Search in Google Scholar

Carlson, M. (2015). The robotic reporter: Automated journalism and the redefinition of labor, compositional forms, and journalistic authority. Digital Journalism 3(3): 416-431. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.976412 Carlson M. 2015 The robotic reporter: Automated journalism and the redefinition of labor, compositional forms, and journalistic authority Digital Journalism 33 416 431 https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.97641210.1080/21670811.2014.976412Search in Google Scholar

Chadwick, A. (2013). The hybrid media system: Politics and power. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Chadwick A. 2013 The hybrid media system: Politics and power Oxford Oxford University Press10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199759477.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Coldford, P. (2014, June 30). A leap forward in quarterly earnings stories. The Definite Source [blog]. Retrieved from https://blog.ap.org/announcements/a-leap-forward-in-quarterly-earnings-stories [accessed 2014, November 15]. Coldford P 2014 June 30) A leap forward in quarterly earnings stories. The Definite Source [blog] Retrieved from https://blog.ap.org/announcements/a-leap-forward-in-quarterly-earnings-stories accessed 2014, November 15Search in Google Scholar

Costa, E. (2018). Affordances-in-practice: An ethnographic critique of social media logic and context collapse. New Media & Society, https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818756290 Costa E. 2018 Affordances-in-practice: An ethnographic critique of social media logic and context collapse New Media & Society https://doi.org/10.1177/146144481875629010.1177/1461444818756290Search in Google Scholar

Couldry, N. (2017). The myth of big data. In M. T. Schäfer & K. van Es (eds.), The datafied society (pp. 235-239). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Couldry N. 2017 The myth of big data T. Schäfer M. & van EsK. The datafied society 235 239 Amsterdam Amsterdam University Press10.1515/9789048531011-019Search in Google Scholar

Dietrich, D., Gray, J., McNamara, T., Poikola, A., Pollock, R., Tait, J. & Zijlstra, T. (2012). The open data handbook: An open knowledge foundation project. Retrieved from http://opendatahand-book.org/ [accessed 2018, February 21]. Dietrich D. Gray J. McNamara T. Poikola A. Pollock R. Tait J. & Zijlstra T. 2012 The open data handbook: An open knowledge foundation project Retrieved from http://opendatahand-book.org/ accessed 2018, February 21Search in Google Scholar

Doctor, K. (2015, July 18). Newsonomics: The halving of America’s daily newsrooms. Nieman Lab [online]. Retrieved from http://www.niemanlab.org/2015/07/newsonomics-the-halving-of-americas-daily-newsrooms/ [accessed 2018, December 15]. Doctor K 2015 July 18) Newsonomics: The halving of America’s daily newsrooms. Nieman Lab [online] Retrieved from http://www.niemanlab.org/2015/07/newsonomics-the-halving-of-americas-daily-newsrooms/ accessed 2018, December 15Search in Google Scholar

Dörr, K. N. (2016). Mapping the field of algorithmic journalism. Digital Journalism 4(6): 700-722. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2015.1096748 Dörr K. N. 2016 Mapping the field of algorithmic journalism Digital Journalism 46 700 722 https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2015.109674810.1080/21670811.2015.1096748Search in Google Scholar

Elish, M. C. & boyd, D. (2018). Situating methods in the magic of big data and AI. Communication Monographs 85(1): 57-80. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1375130 Elish M. C. & boyd D. 2018 Situating methods in the magic of big data and AI Communication Monographs 851 57 80 https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.137513010.1080/03637751.2017.1375130Search in Google Scholar

Eubanks, V. (2018). Automating inequality: How high-tech tools profile, police, and punish the poor. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Eubanks V. 2018 Automating inequality: How high-tech tools profile, police, and punish the poor New York St. Martin’s PressSearch in Google Scholar

Faraj, S. & Azad, B. (2012). The materiality of technology: An affordance perspective. In P. M. Leonardi, B. A. Nardi & J. Kallinikos (eds.), Materiality and organizing: Social interaction in a technological world (pp. 237-258). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Faraj S. & Azad B. 2012 The materiality of technology: An affordance perspective Leonardi P. M. Nardi B. A. & Kallinikos J. Materiality and organizing: Social interaction in a technological world 237 258 Oxford Oxford University Press10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664054.003.0012Search in Google Scholar

Gatt, A. & Krahmer, E. (2018). Survey of the state of the art in natural language generation: Core tasks, applications and evaluation. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 61: 65-170. https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.5477 Gatt A. & Krahmer E. 2018 Survey of the state of the art in natural language generation: Core tasks, applications and evaluation Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 61 65 170 https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.547710.1613/jair.5477Search in Google Scholar

Gaver, W. W. (1991, April). Technology affordances. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 79-84). ACM. Gaver W. W 1991 April Technology affordances Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 79 84 ACM10.1145/108844.108856Search in Google Scholar

Gibson, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. Gibson J. J. 1979 The ecological approach to visual perception Boston Houghton Mifflin CompanySearch in Google Scholar

Gill, P., Erramilli, V., Chaintreau, A., Krishnamurthy, B., Papagiannaki, K. & Rodriguez, P. (2013). Follow the money: Understanding economics of online aggregation and advertising. In Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Internet Measurement (pp. 141-148). http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2504730.2504768 Gill P. Erramilli V. Chaintreau A. Krishnamurthy B. Papagiannaki K. & Rodriguez P. 2013 Follow the money: Understanding economics of online aggregation and advertising Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Internet Measurement 141 148 http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2504730.250476810.1145/2504730.2504768Search in Google Scholar

Glahn, H. R. (1970). Computer-produced worded forecasts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 51(12): 1126-1131. Glahn H. R. 1970 Computer-produced worded forecasts Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 5112 1126 113110.1175/1520-0477(1970)051<1126:CPWF>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Glahn, H. R. (1979). Computer worded forecasts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 60(1): 4-11. Glahn H. R. 1979 Computer worded forecasts Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 601 4 1110.1175/1520-0477(1979)060<0004:CWF>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Goldberg, E., Driedger, N. & Kittredge, R. I. (1994). Using natural-language processing to produce weather forecasts. IEEE Intelligent Systems 2: 45-53. Goldberg E. Driedger N. & Kittredge R. I. 1994 Using natural-language processing to produce weather forecasts IEEE Intelligent Systems 2 45 5310.1109/64.294135Search in Google Scholar

Graefe, A. (2016, January 6). Guide to automated journalism. Tow Reports [online]. Retrieved from https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/guide_to_automated_journalism.php [accessed 2017, March 7]. Graefe A 2016 January 6) Guide to automated journalism. Tow Reports [online] Retrieved from https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/guide_to_automated_journalism.php accessed 2017, March 7Search in Google Scholar

Graefe, A., Haim, M., Haarmann, B. & Brosius, H. B. (2018). Readers’ perception of computer-generated news: Credibility, expertise, and readability. Journalism 19(5): 595-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916641269 Graefe A. Haim M. Haarmann B. & Brosius H. B. 2018 Readers’ perception of computer-generated news: Credibility, expertise, and readability Journalism 195 595 610 https://doi.org/10.1177/146488491664126910.1177/1464884916641269Search in Google Scholar

Grint, K. & Woolgar, S. (1997). The machine at work: Technology, work and organization. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Grint K. & Woolgar S. 1997 The machine at work: Technology, work and organization Cambridge, UK Polity PressSearch in Google Scholar

Hofstetter, B. & Schoenhagen, P. (2017). When Creative Potentials are Being Undermined by Commercial Imperatives. Digital Journalism, 5(1): 44–60.doi: http://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1155966 Hofstetter B. & Schoenhagen P. 2017 When Creative Potentials are Being Undermined by Commercial Imperatives Digital Journalism 51 44 60 http://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.115596610.1080/21670811.2016.1155966Search in Google Scholar

Hutchby, I. (2001). Technologies, texts and affordances. Sociology 35(2): 441-456. https://doi.org/10.1177/S0038038501000219 Hutchby I. 2001 Technologies, texts and affordances Sociology 352 441 456 https://doi.org/10.1177/S003803850100021910.1177/S0038038501000219Search in Google Scholar

Jungkvist, K. (2018). Digital subscriptions – A challenge for survival. Paper presented at the seminar Vem betalar för journalistiken? [Who will pay for journalism?]. 2018, December 14, at the Swedish School of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki. Jungkvist K. 2018 Digital subscriptions – A challenge for survival.Paper presented at the seminar Vem betalar för journalistiken? Who will pay for journalism? 2018, December 14, at the Swedish School of Social Sciences University of HelsinkiSearch in Google Scholar

Klein, H. K. & Kleinman, D. L. (2002). The social construction of technology: Structural considerations. Science, Technology, & Human Values 27(1): 28-52. Klein H. K. & Kleinman D. L. 2002 The social construction of technology: Structural considerations Science, Technology, & Human Values 271 28 5210.1177/016224390202700102Search in Google Scholar

Küng, L. (2017). Strategic management in the media: Theory to practice. London: Sage Publications. Küng L. 2017 Strategic management in the media: Theory to practice London Sage PublicationsSearch in Google Scholar

LeCompte, C. (2015, September 1). Automation in the newsroom: How algorithms are helping reporters expand coverage, engage audiences, and respond to breaking news. Nieman Reports [online]. Retrieved from https://niemanreports.org/articles/automation-in-the-newsroom/ [accessed 2017, February 22]. LeCompte C. 2015 September 1) Automation in the newsroom: How algorithms are helping reporters expand coverage, engage audiences, and respond to breaking news Nieman Reports [online]. Retrieved from https://niemanreports.org/articles/automation-in-the-newsroom/ accessed 2017, February 22Search in Google Scholar

Leonardi, P. M. (2010). Digital materiality? How artifacts without matter, matter. First Monday [online], 15(6). doi: https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v15i6.3036 Leonardi P. M. 2010 Digital materiality? How artifacts without matter, matter First Monday online 156 https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v15i6.303610.5210/fm.v15i6.3036Search in Google Scholar

Leppänen, L., Munezero, M., Granroth-Wilding, M. & Toivonen, H. (2017). Data-driven news generation for automated journalism. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (pp. 188-197). doi: http://doi.org/10.18653/v1/W17-35 Leppänen L. Munezero M. Granroth-Wilding M. & Toivonen H. 2017 Data-driven news generation for automated journalism Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Natural Language Generation 188 197 http://doi.org/10.18653/v1/W17-3510.18653/v1/W17-3528Search in Google Scholar

Lewis, S. C. & Usher, N. (2016). Trading zones, boundary objects, and the pursuit of news innovation: A case study of journalists and programmers. Convergence 22(5): 543-560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856515623865 Lewis S. C. & Usher N. 2016 Trading zones, boundary objects, and the pursuit of news innovation: A case study of journalists and programmers Convergence 225 543 560 https://doi.org/10.1177/135485651562386510.1177/1354856515623865Search in Google Scholar

Lindén, C. G. (2017). Decades of automation in the newsroom: Why are there still so many jobs in journalism? Digital Journalism 5(2): 123-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1160791 Lindén C. G. 2017 Decades of automation in the newsroom: Why are there still so many jobs in journalism? Digital Journalism 52 123 140 https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.116079110.1080/21670811.2016.1160791Search in Google Scholar

Mai, J. E. (2016). Big data privacy: The datafication of personal information. The Information Society 32(3): 192-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2016.1153010 Mai J. E. 2016 Big data privacy: The datafication of personal information The Information Society 323 192 199 https://doi.org/10.1080/01972243.2016.115301010.1080/01972243.2016.1153010Search in Google Scholar

McGrenere, J. & Ho, W. (2000, May). Affordances: Clarifying and evolving a concept. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface (pp. 179-186). McGrenere J. & Ho W. 2000 May Affordances: Clarifying and evolving a concept Proceedings of Graphics Interface 179 186Search in Google Scholar

Nagy, P. & Neff, G. (2015). Imagined affordance: Reconstructing a keyword for communication theory. Social Media+Society 1(2): 1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115603385 Nagy P. & Neff G. 2015 Imagined affordance: Reconstructing a keyword for communication theory Social Media+Society 12 1 9 https://doi.org/10.1177/205630511560338510.1177/2056305115603385Search in Google Scholar

Mayer-Schönberger, V. & Cukier, K. (2013). Big data. London: John Murray. Mayer-Schönberger V. & Cukier K. 2013 Big data London John MurraySearch in Google Scholar

Norman. D. A. (2013). The design of everyday things. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. NormanD. A. 2013 The design of everyday things Cambridge, MA MIT PressSearch in Google Scholar

Noy, C. (2008). Sampling knowledge: The hermeneutics of snowball sampling in qualitative research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 11(4): 327-344. Noy C. 2008 Sampling knowledge: The hermeneutics of snowball sampling in qualitative research International Journal of Social Research Methodology 114 327 34410.1080/13645570701401305Search in Google Scholar

O’Neil, C. (2016). Weapons of math destruction. New York: Crown Publishing Group. O’Neil C. 2016 Weapons of math destruction New York Crown Publishing GroupSearch in Google Scholar

Oremus, W. (2014, March 17). The first news report on the LA earthquake was written by a robot. Slate [online]. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2014/03/17/quake-bot_los_angeles_times_robot_journalist_writes_article_on_la_earthquake.html [accessed 2014, November 21]. Oremus W 2014 March 17 The first news report on the LA earthquake was written by a robot. Slate [online]. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2014/03/17/quake-bot_los_angeles_times_robot_journalist_writes_article_on_la_earthquake.html accessed 2014, November 21Search in Google Scholar

Orlikowski, W. J. (2007). Sociomaterial practices: Exploring technology at work. Organization Studies 28(9): 1435-1448. Orlikowski W. J. 2007 Sociomaterial practices: Exploring technology at work Organization Studies 289 1435 144810.1177/0170840607081138Search in Google Scholar

Pasquale, F. (2015). The black box society. Boston: Harvard University Press. Pasquale F. 2015 The black box society Boston Harvard University Press10.4159/harvard.9780674736061Search in Google Scholar

Pavlik, J. (2000). The impact of technology on journalism. Journalism Studies 1(2): 229-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700050028226 Pavlik J. 2000 The impact of technology on journalism Journalism Studies 12 229 237 https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670005002822610.1080/14616700050028226Search in Google Scholar

Petre, C. (2015, May 7). The traffic factories: Metrics at chartbeat, gawker media, and the New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/the_traffic_factories_metrics_at_chartbeat_gawker_media_and_the_new_york_times.php/ [accessed 2017, August 18]. Petre C 2015 May 7) The traffic factories: Metrics at chartbeat, gawker media, and the New York Times Retrieved from https://www.cjr.org/tow_center_reports/the_traffic_factories_metrics_at_chartbeat_gawker_media_and_the_new_york_times.php/ accessed 2017, August 18Search in Google Scholar

Ryfe, D. M. (2009). Structure, agency, and change in an American newsroom. Journalism 10(5): 665-683. Ryfe D. M. 2009 Structure, agency, and change in an American newsroom Journalism 105 665 68310.1177/1464884909106538Search in Google Scholar

Ryfe, D. M. (2012). Can journalism survive? An inside look at American newsrooms. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Ryfe D. M. 2012 Can journalism survive? An inside look at American newsrooms Cambridge, UK Polity PressSearch in Google Scholar

Shishkin, D. (2017, July 3). Five lessons I learned while digitally changing BBC World Service. LinkedIn [blog]. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/five-lessons-i-learned-while-digitally-changing-bbc-world-shishkin/ [accessed 2018, November 15]. Shishkin D 2017 July 3) Five lessons I learned while digitally changing BBC World Service. LinkedIn [blog] https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/five-lessons-i-learned-while-digitally-changing-bbc-world-shishkin/ accessed 2018, November 15Search in Google Scholar

Tenenboim-Weinblatt, K. & Neiger, M. (2018). Temporal affordances in the news. Journalism 19(1): 37-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916689152 Tenenboim-Weinblatt K. & Neiger M. 2018 Temporal affordances in the news Journalism 191 37 55 https://doi.org/10.1177/146488491668915210.1177/1464884916689152Search in Google Scholar

United Robots. (n.d.). United Robots: Products. Retrieved from http://unitedrobots.ai/produkter-1/ [accessed 2019, 11 January]. United Robots. (n.d.). United Robots: Products http://unitedrobots.ai/produkter-1/ accessed 2019 11 JanuarySearch in Google Scholar

Wu, S., Tandoc Jr, E. C. & Salmon, C. T. (2018). Journalism reconfigured: Assessing human–machine relations and the autonomous power of automation in news production. Journalism Studies 1-18. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2018.1521299 Wu S. Tandoc Jr E. C. & Salmon C. T. 2018 Journalism reconfigured: Assessing human–machine relations and the autonomous power of automation in news production Journalism Studies 1 18 https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2018.152129910.1080/1461670X.2018.1521299Search in Google Scholar