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The structure and properties of laser-cladded Inconel 625/TiC composite coatings

Aleksandra Lont
Aleksandra Lont
, 
Tomasz Poloczek
Tomasz Poloczek
 und 
Jacek Górka
Jacek Górka
   | 10. Apr. 2023
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Online veröffentlicht: 10. Apr. 2023
Seitenbereich: 91 - 103
Eingereicht: 12. Juli 2022
Akzeptiert: 16. Aug. 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2022-0026
Schlüsselwörter
© 2022 Aleksandra Lont et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Vickers microhardness measuring lines scheme: (A) measurements across the beads and (B) measurements from the surface to base material
Vickers microhardness measuring lines scheme: (A) measurements across the beads and (B) measurements from the surface to base material

Fig. 2

Surface view of coatings after penetrant testing: (A) C5 and (B) C6 (designations according to Table 2)
Surface view of coatings after penetrant testing: (A) C5 and (B) C6 (designations according to Table 2)

Fig. 3

Macrographs of laser-cladded coatings (designations according to Table 2)
Macrographs of laser-cladded coatings (designations according to Table 2)

Fig. 4

Microstructure of central bead areas of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings: (A) C1, (B) C2, and (C) C4 (designation according to Table 3). TiC, titanium carbide
Microstructure of central bead areas of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings: (A) C1, (B) C2, and (C) C4 (designation according to Table 3). TiC, titanium carbide

Fig. 5

Microstructure of metallic Inconel 625 coatings
Microstructure of metallic Inconel 625 coatings

Fig. 6

XRD results of the respective composite Inconel 625/TiC coating. TiC, titanium carbide; XRD, X-ray diffraction
XRD results of the respective composite Inconel 625/TiC coating. TiC, titanium carbide; XRD, X-ray diffraction

Fig. 7

EDS maps of composite Inconel 625/TiC coating matrix. EDS, energy-dispersive spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiC, titanium carbide
EDS maps of composite Inconel 625/TiC coating matrix. EDS, energy-dispersive spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiC, titanium carbide

Fig. 8

Microstructure of overlap areas of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings, magnification a) 1000x, b) 3000x TiC, titanium carbide
Microstructure of overlap areas of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings, magnification a) 1000x, b) 3000x TiC, titanium carbide

Fig. 9

EDS maps of the overlap area of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings. EDS, energy-dispersive spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiC, titanium carbide
EDS maps of the overlap area of composite Inconel 625/TiC coatings. EDS, energy-dispersive spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscope; TiC, titanium carbide

Fig. 10

Vickers microhardness results: (A) average microhardness, (B) microhardness distribution across the beads, and (C) microhardness distribution from the surface to the base material (designation according to Table 3)
Vickers microhardness results: (A) average microhardness, (B) microhardness distribution across the beads, and (C) microhardness distribution from the surface to the base material (designation according to Table 3)

Fig. 11

Potentiodynamic polarization curves of M1, C1, C3, and C5 laser cladded coatings (designation according to Table 3). SCE, saturated calomel electrode
Potentiodynamic polarization curves of M1, C1, C3, and C5 laser cladded coatings (designation according to Table 3). SCE, saturated calomel electrode

Fig. 12

Morphologies of corrosion damage after potentiodynamic polarization tests, SEM, and coatings: (A) M1, (B) C1, (C) C3, and (D) C5. SEM, scanning electron microscope; EHT, electron high tension voltage; BSD, backscattered electron detector; WD, working distance
Morphologies of corrosion damage after potentiodynamic polarization tests, SEM, and coatings: (A) M1, (B) C1, (C) C3, and (D) C5. SEM, scanning electron microscope; EHT, electron high tension voltage; BSD, backscattered electron detector; WD, working distance

Laser cladding parameters

Designation Powder TiC content (vol.%) Laser power (W) Speed (m/min) Powder feed rate (g/mm)
M1M2 0 2.100 0.25 0.040.05
C1C2 10 0.040.05
C3C4 20 0.040.05
C5C6 40 0.040.05

Electrochemical parameters of laser-cladded coatings (designation according to Table 2)

Designation jcorr (μA/cm2) Ecorr (V)
M1 8.0 −0.384
C1 12.0 −0.412
C3 83.0 −0.473
C5 8.9 −0.377

Thickness, dilution, and TiC fraction measurement results

Designation (Table 2) Thickness (mm) Dilution (%) Measured TiC fraction (vol.%)
M1 1.6 3.3 -
M2 2.1 2.1 -
C1 1.7 25.5 8.8
C2 2.1 12.6 9.8
C3 1.8 17.5 18.3
C4 2.2 9.8 19.6
C5 1.9 14.6 38.6
C6 2.3 7.5 39.7

Chemical composition of S355JR substrate and Metcoclad 625 powder

Material designation C Mn Si P S Cr Ni Mo Nb Al Cu Fe
wt.%
S355JR 0.2 1.5 0.2–0.5 Max. 0.04 Max. 0.04 Max. 0.3 Max. 0.3 - - Max. 0.02 Max. 0.03 Balance
Oerlikon Metcoclad 625 - - - - - 20.0–23.0 58.0–63.0 8.0–10.0 3.0–5.0 - - Max 5.0

Average chemical composition of coatings

Designation (Table 2) Ni Cr Mo Nb Fe Ti
wt.%
M1 60.7 ± 1.6 19.8 ± 0.5 10.2 ± 0.8 4.6 ± 0.1 4.7 ± 1.1 -
M2 63.6 ± 0.6 20.7 ± 0.3 9.5 ± 0.5 4.4 ± 0.6 1.8 ± 0.3 -
C1 49.1 ± 1.1 16.2 ± 0.4 8.1 ± 0.6 4.7 ± 0.4 18.0 ± 1.0 2.7 ± 0.5
C2 54.1 ± 4.7 17.6 ± 1.4 9.3 ± 1.1 4.2 ± 0.9 7.9 ± 2.6 3.5 ± 1.1
C3 50.3 ± 1.3 16.6 ± 0.2 9.7 ± 1.4 3.9 ± 0.3 14.4 ± 0.8 5.4 ± 2.1
C4 55.1 ± 1.9 18.1 ± 0.5 10.1 ± 1.3 5.1 ± 0.2 5.1 ± 1.6 6.4 ± 1.3
C5 44.1 ± 2.9 14.1 ± 2.2 7.4 ± 0.9 4.3 ± 0.5 14.5 ± 3.9 14.6 ± 3.8
C6 47.0 ± 4.9 16.0 ± 1.8 8.6 ± 1.4 4.8 ± 0.8 3.3 ± 1.9 19.7 ± 8.5
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