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Morphometry and topography of the coronary ostia in the dog

Karolina Barszcz
Karolina Barszcz
, 
Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk
Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk
, 
Michał Czopowicz
Michał Czopowicz
, 
Magdalena Chłopecka
Magdalena Chłopecka
, 
Michał Polguj
Michał Polguj
 und 
Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot
Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot
   | 20. Sept. 2023
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Online veröffentlicht: 20. Sept. 2023
Seitenbereich: 471 - 478
Eingereicht: 28. März 2023
Akzeptiert: 13. Sept. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0054
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© 2023 Karolina Barszcz et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1.

Overview of aortic valve of the dog. Dotted lines – sinotubular junction; 1 – left semilunar leaflet; 2 – right semilunar leaflet; 3 – septal semilunar leaflet; 4 – left aortic valve commissure; 5 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 6 – right aortic valve commissure; 7 – left coronary ostium; 8 – right coronary ostium
Overview of aortic valve of the dog. Dotted lines – sinotubular junction; 1 – left semilunar leaflet; 2 – right semilunar leaflet; 3 – septal semilunar leaflet; 4 – left aortic valve commissure; 5 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 6 – right aortic valve commissure; 7 – left coronary ostium; 8 – right coronary ostium

Fig. 2.

Distribution of types of ostium location in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs
Distribution of types of ostium location in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs

Fig. 3.

Combinations of types of ostium location in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs. Green bar – same types of location in both coronary arteries. Shared colour bars – location type combinations which only differ in laterality
Combinations of types of ostium location in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs. Green bar – same types of location in both coronary arteries. Shared colour bars – location type combinations which only differ in laterality

Fig. 4.

Prevalence of three types of morphological variations of ostia in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs. Black lines – 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%)
Prevalence of three types of morphological variations of ostia in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs. Black lines – 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%)

Fig. 5.

Overview of left aortic sinus of the dog. A – two independent ostia, B – no trunk. 1 – left semilunar leaflet; 2 – left aortic valve commissure; 3 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 4 – left coronary ostium
Overview of left aortic sinus of the dog. A – two independent ostia, B – no trunk. 1 – left semilunar leaflet; 2 – left aortic valve commissure; 3 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 4 – left coronary ostium

Fig. 6.

Overview of right aortic sinus of the dog. A, B – the accessory coronary ostia. 1 – right semilunar leaflet; 2 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 3 – right aortic valve commissure; 4 – right coronary ostium; 5 – accessory coronary ostium
Overview of right aortic sinus of the dog. A, B – the accessory coronary ostia. 1 – right semilunar leaflet; 2 – intermediary aortic valve commissure; 3 – right aortic valve commissure; 4 – right coronary ostium; 5 – accessory coronary ostium

Fig. 7.

Prevalence of morphological variations of ostia depending on ostium location type in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs
Prevalence of morphological variations of ostia depending on ostium location type in left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery of 91 dogs

Fig. 8.

Ostium diameters (arithmetic mean of width and height) of left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery. Green dots – mean diameters of two independent ostia observed in LCA of two dogs. Divided ostia are not presented in this figure
Ostium diameters (arithmetic mean of width and height) of left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery. Green dots – mean diameters of two independent ostia observed in LCA of two dogs. Divided ostia are not presented in this figure

Fig. 9.

Ostium diameter (arithmetic mean of width and height) of right (RCA) and left (LCA) coronary artery, presented as median (bold line), interquartile range (box), and range (whiskers), in four body weight classes based on three quartiles of the body weight distribution. P-values derived from the Wilcoxon signed rank test apply to the comparison of ostium diameter between LCA and RCA within each body weight class
Ostium diameter (arithmetic mean of width and height) of right (RCA) and left (LCA) coronary artery, presented as median (bold line), interquartile range (box), and range (whiskers), in four body weight classes based on three quartiles of the body weight distribution. P-values derived from the Wilcoxon signed rank test apply to the comparison of ostium diameter between LCA and RCA within each body weight class

Detailed dimensions of three types of ostia (excluding divided ostia) of left (LCA) and right (RCA) coronary artery presented for all dogs with a particular type of ostium (overall) and separately for four body weight classes based on three quartiles of the body weight distribution. Dimensions of ostia are summarised as median, interquartile range, and range

Type of ostium Body weight class LCA RCA
n Width (mm) Height (mm) Mean diameter (mm) n Width (mm) Height (mm) Mean diameter (mm)
Normal Overall 81 3.8, 2.8–5.2(0.9–10.9) 2.3, 1.5–3.0(0.5–5.8) 3.0, 2.3–4.2(0.7–8.4) 59 2.2, 1.5–2.9(0.8–6.7) 1.0, 0.7–1.2(0.4–3.0) 1.6, 1.1–2.0(0.6–4.1)
≤ 7 kg 22 2.5, 1.9–3.4(0.9–5.3) 1.5, 1.0–2.0(0.5–4.1) 2.2, 1.6–2.6(0.7–4.4) 20 1.3, 1.1–1.9(0.8–3.5) 0.7, 0.5–1.0(0.4–1.8) 1.1, 0.8–1.4(0.6–2.7)
> 7–21 kg 21 3.3, 2.8–4.2(2.0–5.8) 2.2, 1.7–2.5(1.1–3.8) 2.8, 2.4–3.3(1.8–4.8) 15 1.8, 1.6–2.8(1.4–4.1) 0.9, 0.7–1.1(0.6–2.6) 1.4, 1.2–2.0(1.0–2.7)
> 21–33 kg 18 4.6, 3.8–5.5(2.5–9.2) 2.8, 2.2–3.0(1.1–5.0) 3.6, 3.4–4.3(1.8–6.2) 12 2.5, 2.2–3.4(1.6–6.1) 1.2, 1.0–1.5(0.7–2.2) 1.8, 1.6–2.6(1.2– 3.6)
> 33 kg 20 5.2, 4.1–6.1(2.4–10.9) 3.1, 2.1–4.1(1.3–5.8) 4.4, 3.2–4.8(1.9–8.3) 12 2.5, 2.4–4.4(2.3–6.7) 1.2, 0.9–1.5(0.6–3.0) 1.9, 1.8–3.1(1.6–4.1)
Small accessory ostium Overall 0 - - - 28 1.8, 1.5–2.7(1.0–4.9) 1.2, 1.0–1.4(0.6–2.7) 1.6, 1.2–2.1(0.8–3.2)
≤ 7 kg - - - - 2 1.8 & 2.8 1.3 & 1.3 1.5 & 2.1
> 7–21 kg - - - - 9 1.5, 1.2–1.8(1.0–4.9) 1.0, 1.0–1.1(0.7–1.6) 1.3, 1.1–1.6(0.8–2.9)
> 21–33 kg - - - - 8 2.3, 1.6–2.8(1.2–2.9) 1.4, 0.9–1.5(0.6–2.1) 1.9, 1.3–2.2(0.9–2.4)
> 33 kg - - - - 9 1.9, 1.7–2.7(1.2–3.7) 1.2, 1.0–1.7(0.7–2.7) 1.6, 1.2–2.0(1.1–3.2)
Two independent ostia 2 4.5 & 5.1 3.0 & 3.2 3.8 & 4.0 0 - - -
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