Presence of tapeworms (Cestoda) in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in north-western Poland, with particular emphasis on Echinococcus multilocularis

1. Al-Sabi M.N.S., Halasa T., Kape C.M.O.: Infections with cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange in red foxes from two different localities in Denmark. Acta Parasitol 2014, 59, 98–107.10.2478/s11686-014-0214-624570055Search in Google Scholar

2. Deplazes P., Eckert J.: Diagnosis of the Echinococcus multilocularis infection in final hosts. Appl Parasitol 1996, 37, 245–252.Search in Google Scholar

3. Bružinskaite-Schmidhalter R., Sarkunas M., Malakauskas A., Mathis A., Torgerson P.R., Deplazes P.: Helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Lithuania. Parasitol 2012, 139, 120–127.10.1017/S003118201100171521996514Search in Google Scholar

4. Dalimi A., Sattari A., Motamedi G.: A study on intestinal helminthes of dogs, foxes, and jackals in the western part of Iran. Vet Parasitol 2006, 142, 129–133.10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.06.02416899340Search in Google Scholar

5. Dyachenko V., Pantchev N., Gawlowska S., Vrhovec M.G., Bauer C.: Echinococcus multilocularis infections in domestic dogs and cats from Germany and other European countries. Vet Parasitol 2008, 157, 244–253.10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.07.03018819752Search in Google Scholar

6. Eckert J., Deplazes P., Ewald D., Gottstein B.: Parasitologische und immunologische Methoden zum Nachweis von Echinococcus multilocularis bei Füchsen. Mitt Österr Ges Tropenmed Parasitol 1991, 13, 25–30.Search in Google Scholar

7. Eckert J., Gemmell M.A., Meslin F.X., Pawłowski Z.S.: WHO/OIE manual on echinococcosis in humans and animals: a public health problem of global concern. WHO/WOAH Ed. Paris (OIE), 2001, bpp. 1–265.Search in Google Scholar

8. Fiocchi A., Gustinelli A., Gelmini L., Renzi M., Fontana M.C., Poglayen G.: Helminth parasites of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758) and the wolf Canis lupus italicus Altobello, 1921 in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. Ital J Zool 2016, 83, 4, 503–513.10.1080/11250003.2016.1249966Search in Google Scholar

9. Fischer C., Reperant L., Weber J.M., Ochs H., Deplazes P.: Relation in the presence of various parasites in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Geneva. Swiss Med Wkly 2003, 133, 61.Search in Google Scholar

10. Fuentes M.V., Galan-Puchades M.T., Malone J.B.: Short report: a new case report of human Mesocestoides infection in the United States. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003, 68, 566–567.10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.56612812347Search in Google Scholar

11. Franssen F., Nijsse R., Mulder J., Cremers H., Dam C., Takumi K., van der Giessen J.: Increase in number of helminth species from Dutch red foxes over a 35-year period. Parasit Vectors 2014, 7, 166.10.1186/1756-3305-7-166397820124708710Search in Google Scholar

12. Gawor J.: Alveolar echinococcosis in Europe and Poland -threats to humans. Przegl Epidemiol 2016, 70, 281–288.Search in Google Scholar

13. Gawor J., Malczewski A.: The tapeworm in foxes as a cause of a dangerous zoonosis alveolar echinococcosis in Poland. Kosmos 2005, 54, 89–94.Search in Google Scholar

14. Gawor J., Malczewski A., Rocki B., Malczewska M., Borecka A.: Prevalence of the dangerous for humans tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in Poland. Med Weter 2004, 60, 489–491.Search in Google Scholar

15. Grzeszczuk A., Łapiński T.W., Prokopowicz D.: Clinical and epidemiological aspects of alveolar echinococcosis. Med Weter 2001, 57, 21–23.Search in Google Scholar

16. Janion S.M.: Certain host-parasite relationship between rodents (Muridae) and fleas (Aphaniptera). Ekol Pol 1968, 16, 461–506.Search in Google Scholar

17. Karamon J., Samorek-Pierog M., Kochanowski M., Dabrowska J., Sroka J., Golab E., Umhang G., Cencek T.: First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2016, 63, 018.10.14411/fp.2016.01827311792Search in Google Scholar

18. Karamon J., Dąbrowska J., Kochanowski M., Samorek-Pieróg M., Sroka J., Różycki M., Bilska-Zając E., Zdybel J., Cencek T.: Prevalence of intestinal helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in central Europe (Poland): a significant zoonotic threat. Parasit Vectors 2018, 11, 436.10.1186/s13071-018-3021-3606410830055657Search in Google Scholar

19. Karamon J., Sroka J., Cencek T., Michalski M.M., Zięba P., Karwacki J.: Prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in two eastern provinces of Poland. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 2011, 55, 429–433.Search in Google Scholar

20. Karamon J., Ziomko I., Cencik T., Sroka J., Zięba P.: Prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in the Lublin voivodeship, Poland: preliminary study. Med Weter 2008, 64, 1237–1239.Search in Google Scholar

21. Kern P., Bardonnet K., Renner E., Auer H., Pawłowski Z., Ammann R.W., Vuitton D.A., Kern P.: European Echinococcosis Registry: human alveolar echinococcosis, Europe, 1982–2000. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9, 343–349.10.3201/eid0903.020341295854112643830Search in Google Scholar

22. Malczewski A., Rocki B., Ramisz A., Eckert J.: Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda), the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis in humans: first record in Poland. J Parasit 1995, 81, 318–321.10.2307/3283945Search in Google Scholar

23. Moro P., Schantz P.M.: Echinococcosis: a review. Int J Infect Dis 2009, 13, 125–133.10.1016/j.ijid.2008.03.03718938096Search in Google Scholar

24. Nahorski W.L., Knap J.P., Pawłowski Z.S., Krawczyk M., Polański J., Stefaniak J., Patkowski W., Szostakowska B., Pietkiewicz H., Grzeszczuk A., Felczak-Korzybska I., Gołąb E., Wnukowska N., Paul M., Kacprzak E., Sokolewicz-Bobrowska E., Niścigorska-Olsen J., Czyrznikowska A., Chomicz L., Cielecka D., Myja P.: Human alveolar echinococcosis in Poland: 1990–2011. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013, 7, 1, e1986.10.1371/journal.pntd.0001986353681423301116Search in Google Scholar

25. Oksanen A., Siles-Lucas M., Karamon J., Possenti A., Conraths F., Romig T., Wysocki P., Mannocci A., Mipatrini D., La Torre G., Boufana B., Casulli A.: The geographical distribution and prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in animals in the European Union and adjacent countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors 2016, 9, 519.10.1186/s13071-016-1746-4503990527682156Search in Google Scholar

26. Pacoń J., Sołtysiak Z., Nicpoń J., Janczak M.: Prevalence of internal helminths in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in selected regions of Lower Silesia. Med Weter 2006, 62, 67–69.Search in Google Scholar

27. Rajkovic-Janje R., Marinculic A., Bosnic S., Benic M., Vinkovic B., Mihaljevic Z.: Prevalence and seasonal distribution of helminth parasites in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from the Zagreb County (Croatia). Z Jagdwiss 2002, 48, 151–160.10.1007/BF02189989Search in Google Scholar

28. Shimalov V.V., Shimalov V.T.: Helminth fauna of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus, 1758) in southern Belarus. Parasitol Res 2003, 89, 77–78.10.1007/s00436-002-0701-912474048Search in Google Scholar

29. Tackmann K., Mattis R., Conraths J.: Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes: evaluation of a protocol of the intestinal scraping technique. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2006, 53, 395–398.10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.01003.x17010045Search in Google Scholar

30. Umhang G., Woronoff-Rhenb N., Combes B., Boué F.: Segmental sedimentation and counting technique (SSCT): An adaptable method for qualitative diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis in fox intestines. Exp Parasitol 2011, 128, 57–60.10.1016/j.exppara.2011.01.00421256846Search in Google Scholar