This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Abe S., Katsumata H., Nagayoshi H. 1955. Studies on the photoperiodic requirement for bulb formation of Japanese varieties of onion, with special reference to their ecological differentiation. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 24(1): 6–16. DOI: 10.2503/jjshs.24.6. [in Japanese with English abstract]AbeS.KatsumataH.NagayoshiH.1955Studies on the photoperiodic requirement for bulb formation of Japanese varieties of onion, with special reference to their ecological differentiation24161610.2503/jjshs.24.6[in Japanese with English abstract]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Akutsu K. 1995. Style of disease development by grey mould. Journal of Pesticide Science 20(2): 187–192. DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.20.187. [in Japanese]AkutsuK.1995Style of disease development by grey mould20218719210.1584/jpestics.20.187[in Japanese]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
ALIC 2019. Vegetable total and aggregate information network. Agriculture and Livestock Industries Corporation. [in Japanese] https://vegetan.alic.go.jp/vtmap.htmlALIC2019Agriculture and Livestock Industries Corporation[in Japanese] https://vegetan.alic.go.jp/vtmap.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
Amekawa Y. 2009. Reflections on the growing influence of good agricultural practices in the Global South. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 22(6): 531–557. DOI: 10.1007/s10806-009-9171-8.AmekawaY.2009Reflections on the growing influence of good agricultural practices in the Global South22653155710.1007/s10806-009-9171-8Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Ariyanti N.A., Torikai K., Kirana R.P., Hirata S., Sulistyaningsih E., Ito S. et al. 2018. Comparative study on phytochemical variations in Japanese F1 varieties of bulb onions and South-east Asian shallot landraces. Horticulture Journal 87(1): 63–72. DOI: 10.2503/hortj.okd-066.AriyantiN.A.TorikaiK.KiranaR.P.HirataS.SulistyaningsihE.ItoS.2018Comparative study on phytochemical variations in Japanese F1 varieties of bulb onions and South-east Asian shallot landraces871637210.2503/hortj.okd-066Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Arumuganathan K., Earle E.D. 1991. Nuclear DNA content of some important plant species. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 9: 208–218. DOI: 10.1007/bf02672069.ArumuganathanK.EarleE.D.1991Nuclear DNA content of some important plant species920821810.1007/bf02672069Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Baldwin S., Pither-Joyce M., Wright K., Chen L., McCallum J. 2012. Development of robust genomic simple sequence repeat markers for estimation of genetic diversity within and among bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) populations. Molecular Breeding 30(3): 1401–1411. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-012-9727-6.BaldwinS.Pither-JoyceM.WrightK.ChenL.McCallumJ.2012Development of robust genomic simple sequence repeat markers for estimation of genetic diversity within and among bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) populations3031401141110.1007/s11032-012-9727-6Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Boyhan G.E., Torrance R.L. 2002. Vidalia onions – Sweet onion production in southeastern Georgia. HortTechnology 12(2): 196–202. DOI: 10.21273/horttech.12.2.196.BoyhanG.E.TorranceR.L.2002Vidalia onions – Sweet onion production in southeastern Georgia12219620210.21273/horttech.12.2.196Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Chinnappareddy L.R.D., Khandagale K., Chennareddy A., Ramappa V.G. 2013. Molecular markers in the improvement of Allium crops. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 49(4): 131–139. DOI: 10.17221/111/2013-cjgpb.ChinnappareddyL.R.D.KhandagaleK.ChennareddyA.RamappaV.G.2013Molecular markers in the improvement of Allium crops49413113910.17221/111/2013-cjgpbOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Colombo N., Galmarini C.R. 2017. The use of genetic, manual and chemical methods to control pollination in vegetable hybrid seed production: a review. Plant Breeding 136(3): 287–299. DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12473.ColomboN.GalmariniC.R.2017The use of genetic, manual and chemical methods to control pollination in vegetable hybrid seed production: a review136328729910.1111/pbr.12473Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Currah L., Ockendon D.J. 1978. Protandry and the sequence of flower opening in the onion (Allium cepa L.). New Phytologist 81(2): 419–428. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1978.tb02647.x.CurrahL.OckendonD.J.1978Protandry and the sequence of flower opening in the onion (Allium cepa L.)81241942810.1111/j.1469-8137.1978.tb02647.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Duangjit J., Bohanec B., Chan A.P., Town C.D., Havey M.J. 2013. Transcriptome sequencing to produce SNP-based genetic maps of onion. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 126(8): 2093–2101. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-013-2121-x.DuangjitJ.BohanecB.ChanA.P.TownC.D.HaveyM.J.2013Transcriptome sequencing to produce SNP-based genetic maps of onion12682093210110.1007/s00122-013-2121-x23689743Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
FAO 2019. FAOSTAT database. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. www.fao.org/faostat/en/#homeFAO2019The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationswww.fao.org/faostat/en/#homeSearch in Google Scholar
Fujime Y. 2012. Introduction to some indigenous vegetables in Japan. HortScience 47(7): 831–834. DOI: 10.21273/hortsci.47.7.831.FujimeY.2012Introduction to some indigenous vegetables in Japan47783183410.21273/hortsci.47.7.831Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hakodate Customs 2016. Export of bulb onion. [in Japanese] www.customs.go.jp/hako-date/12toukei/06topics/topics-tamanegi.pdfHakodate Customs2016[in Japanese] www.customs.go.jp/hako-date/12toukei/06topics/topics-tamanegi.pdfSearch in Google Scholar
Hamasaki R.T. 1999. Insect pests. In: Hamasaki R., Valenzuela H., Shimabuku R. (Eds.), Bulb onion production in Hawaii. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, pp. 21–28.HamasakiR.T.1999Insect pestsIn:HamasakiR.ValenzuelaH.ShimabukuR.(Eds.),College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa2128Search in Google Scholar
Havey M.J. 1997. On the origin and distribution of normal cytoplasm of onion. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 44(4): 307–313. DOI: 10.1023/a:1008680713032.HaveyM.J.1997On the origin and distribution of normal cytoplasm of onion44430731310.1023/a:1008680713032Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Havey M.J., Ghavami F. 2018. Informativeness of single nucleotide polymorphisms and relationships among onion populations from important world production regions. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 143(1): 34–44. DOI: 10.21273/jashs04277-17.HaveyM.J.GhavamiF.2018Informativeness of single nucleotide polymorphisms and relationships among onion populations from important world production regions1431344410.21273/jashs04277-17Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hokkaido Plant Protection Office 2019. The occurrence of Liriomyza chinensis in bulb onion fields of Hokkaido. Hokkaido Research Organization. [in Japanese] www.agri.hro.or.jp/boujosho/sinhassei/html/H25/25-12.htmHokkaido Plant Protection Office2019Hokkaido Research Organization[in Japanese] www.agri.hro.or.jp/boujosho/sinhassei/html/H25/25-12.htmSearch in Google Scholar
Iketani-Saito M., Notsu A., Shirai K. 2016. Susceptible growth stage of onion to gray-mold neck rot judged by various inoculation period. Annual Report of the Society for Plant Protection of North Japan 67: 108–111. DOI: 10.11455/kitanihon.2016.67_108. [in Japanese]Iketani-SaitoM.NotsuA.ShiraiK.2016Susceptible growth stage of onion to gray-mold neck rot judged by various inoculation period6710811110.11455/kitanihon.2016.67_108[in Japanese]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Japan Finance Corporation 2018. Agribusiness survey, GAP. [in Japanese] www.jfc.go.jp/n/findings/pdf/topics_180328a.pdfJapan Finance Corporation2018[in Japanese] www.jfc.go.jp/n/findings/pdf/topics_180328a.pdfSearch in Google Scholar
Japan GAP Foundation 2019. Japan GAP Foundation. https://jgap.jp/en/Japan GAP Foundation2019https://jgap.jp/en/Search in Google Scholar
Jones H.A., Clarke A.E. 1943. Inheritance of male sterility in the onion and the production of hybrid seed. Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science 43: 189–194.JonesH.A.ClarkeA.E.1943Inheritance of male sterility in the onion and the production of hybrid seed43189194Search in Google Scholar
Jonker T.H. 2000. Consumer concerns in Japan and the response of agribusiness, food industry and government. An exploratory inquiry. Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), the Hague, the Netherlands, 65 p.JonkerT.H.2000Consumer concerns in Japan and the response of agribusiness, food industry and governmentAgricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI)the Hague, the Netherlands65 pSearch in Google Scholar
Khosa J.S., McCallum J., Dhatt A.S., Macknight R.C. 2016. Enhancing onion breeding using molecular tools. Plant Breeding 135(1): 9–20. DOI: 10.1111/pbr.12330.KhosaJ.S.McCallumJ.DhattA.S.MacknightR.C.2016Enhancing onion breeding using molecular tools135192010.1111/pbr.12330Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kodama F., Sugawara Y., Yokoyama T. 1976. Pink root rot of onion caused by Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, Walker & Larson. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan 42(3): 320–321. DOI: 10.3186/jjphytopath.42.320. [in Japanese]KodamaF.SugawaraY.YokoyamaT.1976Pink root rot of onion caused by Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, Walker & Larson42332032110.3186/jjphytopath.42.320[in Japanese]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kodama F., Saito I. 1981. Ecology, disease development and control of Fusarium basal rot of onions caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Hanz.) Snyder & Hansen. Soil Microorganisms 23: 9–14. DOI: 10.18946/jssm.23.0_9. [in Japanese with English abstract]KodamaF.SaitoI.1981Ecology, disease development and control of Fusarium basal rot of onions caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Hanz.) Snyder & Hansen2391410.18946/jssm.23.0_9[in Japanese with English abstract]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kojima A. 2010. Bunching onion and bulb onion. In: Ukai Y., Ohsawa R. (Eds.), History of crop improvement in the world. Yushokan, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 384–405. [in Japanese]KojimaA.2010Bunching onion and bulb onionIn:UkaiY.OhsawaR.(Eds.),YushokanTokyo, Japan384405[in Japanese]Search in Google Scholar
Komochi S. 2015. Bulb onion. In: Cultivation history of vegetable crops in Hokkaido. Study Group on Vegetable Crops in Hokkaido. Kominami-Insatsu, Sapporo, Japan, pp. 232–249. [in Japanese]KomochiS.2015Bulb onionIn:Study Group on Vegetable Crops in HokkaidoKominami-Insatsu, Sapporo, Japan232249[in Japanese]Search in Google Scholar
MAFF 2019a. Statistics of bulb onion production. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan. [in Japanese] www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/index.htmlMAFF2019aMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesJapan[in Japanese] www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/index.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
MAFF 2019b. Shipment amount of GAP-certified agricultural products. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan. [in Japanese] www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/gizyutu/gap/attach/pdf/gapproduce2018-1.pdfMAFF2019bMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesJapan[in Japanese] www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/gizyutu/gap/attach/pdf/gapproduce2018-1.pdfSearch in Google Scholar
MAFF 2019c. Promotion of GAP. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan. www.maff.go.jp/e/policies/env/sustainagri/promogap.htmlMAFF2019cMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesJapanwww.maff.go.jp/e/policies/env/sustainagri/promogap.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
Martin W.J., McCallum J., Shigyo M., Jakse J., Kuhl J.C., Yamane N. et al. 2005. Genetic mapping of expressed sequences in onion and in silico comparisons with rice show scant colinearity. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 274(3): 197–204. DOI: 10.1007/s00438-005-0007-6.MartinW.J.McCallumJ.ShigyoM.JakseJ.KuhlJ.C.YamaneN.2005Genetic mapping of expressed sequences in onion and in silico comparisons with rice show scant colinearity274319720410.1007/s00438-005-0007-616025250Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
McCallum J., Clarke A., Pither-Joyce M., Shaw M., Butler R., Brash D. et al. 2006. Genetic mapping of a major gene affecting onion bulb fructan content. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 112(5): 958–967. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0199-5.McCallumJ.ClarkeA.Pither-JoyceM.ShawM.ButlerR.BrashD.2006Genetic mapping of a major gene affecting onion bulb fructan content112595896710.1007/s00122-005-0199-516404585Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
McCallum J., Thomson S., Pither-Joyce M., Kenel F., Clarke A., Havey M.J. 2008. Genetic diversity analysis and single-nucleotide polymorphism marker development in cultivated bulb onion based on expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 133(6): 810–818. DOI: 10.21273/jashs.133.6.810.McCallumJ.ThomsonS.Pither-JoyceM.KenelF.ClarkeA.HaveyM.J.2008Genetic diversity analysis and single-nucleotide polymorphism marker development in cultivated bulb onion based on expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat markers133681081810.21273/jashs.133.6.810Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Muro T., Kami D., Sugiyama K. 2011. Clarification of the characteristics of onion bulbs in relation to workability and productivity of peel processing. Horticultural Research (Japan) 10(2): 139–142. DOI: 10.2503/hrj.10.139. [in Japanese with English abstract]MuroT.KamiD.SugiyamaK.2011Clarification of the characteristics of onion bulbs in relation to workability and productivity of peel processing10213914210.2503/hrj.10.139[in Japanese with English abstract]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Muro T., Kami D., Sugiyama K. 2015. ‘Quergold’, a new cultivar of hybrid onion with high quercetin glycoside contents. Horticultural Research (Japan) 14(3): 305–311. DOI: 10.2503/hrj.14.305. [in Japanese with English abstract]MuroT.KamiD.SugiyamaK.2015‘Quergold’, a new cultivar of hybrid onion with high quercetin glycoside contents14330531110.2503/hrj.14.305[in Japanese with English abstract]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Nabeshima K., Michida E., Vu H.N., Suzuki A. 2015. Emergence of Asian GAPs and its relationship to Global G.A.P. Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization. IDE Discussion Paper 507, 31 p.NabeshimaK.MichidaE.VuH.N.SuzukiA.2015Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade OrganizationIDE Discussion Paper 507, 31 pSearch in Google Scholar
Nakayama T. 2009. Characteristics and production of bulb onion cultivars. In: A compendium of agricultural technology, vol. 8. Nobunkyo, Tokyo, pp. 132–136. [in Japanese]NakayamaT.2009Characteristics and production of bulb onion cultivarsIn:8NobunkyoTokyo132136[in Japanese]Search in Google Scholar
Pareek S., Sagar N.A., Sharma S., Kumar V. 2018. Onion (Allium cepa L.). In: Yahia E.M. (Ed.), Fruit and vegetable phytochemicals: Chemistry and human health, vol. 2, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1145–1162. DOI: 10.1002/9781119158042.ch58.PareekS.SagarN.A.SharmaS.KumarV.2018Onion (Allium cepa L.)In:YahiaE.M.(Ed.),22nd ed.John Wiley & Sons1145116210.1002/9781119158042.ch58Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Pérez-de-Castro A.M., Vilanova S., Cañizares J., Pascual L., Blanca J.M., Díez M.J., Prohens J., Picó B. 2012. Application of genomic tools in plant breeding. Current Genomics 13(3): 179–195. DOI: 10.2174/138920212800543084.Pérez-de-CastroA.M.VilanovaS.CañizaresJ.PascualL.BlancaJ.M.DíezM.J.ProhensJ.PicóB.2012Application of genomic tools in plant breeding13317919510.2174/138920212800543084338227323115520Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Saga Prefecture 2019. Onion downy mildew prevention countermeasures manual. [in Japanese] www.pref.saga.lg.jp/kiji00370267/index.htmlSaga Prefecture2019[in Japanese] www.pref.saga.lg.jp/kiji00370267/index.htmlSearch in Google Scholar
Sasaki S. 2018. A consideration on GAP certification system. Tokushima Economy Report 101: 45–55. [in Japanese]SasakiS.2018A consideration on GAP certification system1014555[in Japanese]Search in Google Scholar
Satoh Y., Nagai M., Mikami T., Kinoshita T. 1993. The use of mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in the classification of individual onion plants by cytoplasmic genotypes. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 86(2–3): 345–348. DOI: 10.1007/bf00222100.SatohY.NagaiM.MikamiT.KinoshitaT.1993The use of mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in the classification of individual onion plants by cytoplasmic genotypes862–334534810.1007/bf0022210024193481Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Scholten O.E., van Heusden A.W., Khrustaleva L.I., Burger-Meijer K., Mank R.A., Antonise R.G.C. et al. 2007. The long and winding road leading to the successful introgression of downy mildew resistance into onion. Euphytica 156(3): 345–353. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-007-9383-9.ScholtenO.E.van HeusdenA.W.KhrustalevaL.I.Burger-MeijerK.MankR.A.AntoniseR.G.C.2007The long and winding road leading to the successful introgression of downy mildew resistance into onion156334535310.1007/s10681-007-9383-9Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tallontire A., Opondo M., Nelson V., Martin A. 2011. Beyond the vertical? Using value chains and governance as a framework to analyze private standards initiatives in agri-food chains. Agriculture and Human Values 28(3): 427–441. DOI: 10.1007/s10460-009-9237-2.TallontireA.OpondoM.NelsonV.MartinA.2011Beyond the vertical? Using value chains and governance as a framework to analyze private standards initiatives in agri-food chains28342744110.1007/s10460-009-9237-2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tanaka T. 1983. Relationship between the incidence of bacterial soft rot of onions in Hokkaido and weather factors. Research Bulletin of Hokkaido Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Stations 50: 64–68. [in Japanese with English abstract]TanakaT.1983Relationship between the incidence of bacterial soft rot of onions in Hokkaido and weather factors506468[in Japanese with English abstract]Search in Google Scholar
Taylor A., Teakle G.R., Walley P.G., Finch-Savage W.E., Jackson A.C., Jones J.E. et al. 2019. Assembly and characterisation of a unique onion diversity set identifies resistance to Fusarium basal rot and improved seedling vigour. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 132(12): 3245–3264. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03422-0.TaylorA.TeakleG.R.WalleyP.G.Finch-SavageW.E.JacksonA.C.JonesJ.E.2019Assembly and characterisation of a unique onion diversity set identifies resistance to Fusarium basal rot and improved seedling vigour132123245326410.1007/s00122-019-03422-0682060331520085Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tsukazaki H., Honjo M., Yamashita K., Ohara T., Kojima A., Ohsawa R., Wako T. 2010. Classification and identification of bunching onion (Allium fistulosum) varieties based on SSR markers. Breeding Science 60(2): 139–152. DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.60.139.TsukazakiH.HonjoM.YamashitaK.OharaT.KojimaA.OhsawaR.WakoT.2010Classification and identification of bunching onion (Allium fistulosum) varieties based on SSR markers60213915210.1270/jsbbs.60.139Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Usuki K., Muro T., Suesada T., Higashino Y., Kawashiro H., Morita N., Morinaga Y. 2019. Consideration of methods to estimate the leaf number of direct seeding onions (Allium cepa L.) using air temperature. Horticultural Research (Japan) 18(1): 17–23. DOI: 10.2503/hrj.18.17. [in Japanese with English abstract]UsukiK.MuroT.SuesadaT.HigashinoY.KawashiroH.MoritaN.MorinagaY.2019Consideration of methods to estimate the leaf number of direct seeding onions (Allium cepa L.) using air temperature181172310.2503/hrj.18.17[in Japanese with English abstract]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Valenzuela H., Shimabuku R., Kratky B., Hamasaki R. 1999. Onions in Hawaii and around the world. In: Hamasaki R., Valenzuela H., Shimabuku R. (Eds.), Bulb onion production in Hawaii. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, pp. 5–8.ValenzuelaH.ShimabukuR.KratkyB.HamasakiR.1999Onions in Hawaii and around the worldIn:HamasakiR.ValenzuelaH.ShimabukuR.(Eds.),College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa58Search in Google Scholar
van Heusden A.W., van Ooijen J.W., Vrielink-van Ginkel R., Verbeek W.H.J., Wietsma W.A., Kik C. 2000. A genetic map of an interspecific cross in Allium based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP™) markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 100(1): 118–126. DOI: 10.1007/s001220050017.van HeusdenA.W.van OoijenJ.W.Vrielink-van GinkelR.VerbeekW.H.J.WietsmaW.A.KikC.2000A genetic map of an interspecific cross in Allium based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP™) markers100111812610.1007/s001220050017Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Yanagida D., Nishida T., Noda T., Nakano M., Tanaka S., Iritani M., Koyano S., Komai F. 2012. New onion varieties ‘Shutaro’ and ‘Soujiro’. Bulletin of Hokkaido Research Organization Agricultural Experiment Stations 96: 15–25. [in Japanese with English abstract]YanagidaD.NishidaT.NodaT.NakanoM.TanakaS.IritaniM.KoyanoS.KomaiF.2012New onion varieties ‘Shutaro’ and ‘Soujiro’961525[in Japanese with English abstract]Search in Google Scholar
Zen S., Shobu S. 2017. The occurrence of onion downy mildew (Peronospora destructor (Berkeley) Caspary) in Saga Prefecture in 2016 and its control. Plant Protection 71(4): 52–56. [in Japanese]ZenS.ShobuS.2017The occurrence of onion downy mildew (Peronospora destructor (Berkeley) Caspary) in Saga Prefecture in 2016 and its control7145256[in Japanese]Search in Google Scholar