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Predictive Value of Systemic Immune-inflammation Index in Determining Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

Tahsin Karaaslan
Tahsin Karaaslan
 und 
Esra Karaaslan
Esra Karaaslan
   | 12. Aug. 2022
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Article Category: Research article
Online veröffentlicht: 12. Aug. 2022
Seitenbereich: 156 - 164
Eingereicht: 31. Okt. 2021
Akzeptiert: 01. Juni 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2022-0013
Schlüsselwörter
© 2022 Tahsin Karaaslan, Esra Karaaslan, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

ROC curve analysis to test diagnostic ability of SII index for mortality. SII index: systemic immune-inflammation index, ROC: receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: area under the curve.
ROC curve analysis to test diagnostic ability of SII index for mortality. SII index: systemic immune-inflammation index, ROC: receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: area under the curve.

Figure 2

ROC curve analysis to test diagnostic ability of NLR for mortalityNLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; ROC: receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: area under the curve.
ROC curve analysis to test diagnostic ability of NLR for mortalityNLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; ROC: receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: area under the curve.

Demographic characteristics and clinical and radiological findings of the patients.

N Mean Value p
Age (year) Total 191 54,32±17,95 min= 20, max: 95
Survivor 156 50,10±15,76 min= 20, max: 93 t= -7,88 <0,001
Non-survivor 35 73,11±14,94 min= 23, max: 95
N % Mortality
Sex Female 97 50.8% n=18 18.6%
Male 94 49.2% n=17 18.1% χ2=0,007 0,933
Center First center 126 66.0% n=32 25.4%
Second center 65 34.0% n=3 4.6% χ2=12,37 <0,001
Symptoms Yes 183 95.8% n=35 19.1% 0,355*
No 8 4.2% n=0 0.0%
Fever Yes 135 70.7% survivor n=111; 71.2%
No 56 29.3% non-survivor n=24; 68.6% χ2=0,092 0,762
Cough Yes 117 61.3% survivor n=95; 60.9%
No 74 38.7% non-survivor n=22; 62.9% χ2=0,046 0,830
Fatigue Yes 108 56.5% survivor n=87; 55.8%
No 83 43.5% non-survivor n=21; 60.0% χ2=0,208 0,648
Dyspnea Yes 64 33.5% survivor n= 40; 25.6% χ2=23,65 <0,001
No 127 66.5% non-survivor n= 24; 68.6%
Myalgia Yes 53 27.7% survivor n= 48; 30.8%
No 138 72.3% non-survivor n=5; 14.3% χ2=3,87 0,049
Diarrhea Yes 31 16.2% survivor n=25; 16.0%
No 160 83.8% non-survivor n=6; 17.1% χ2=0,026 0,871
Loss of taste Yes 16 8.4% survivor n=13; 8.3% χ2=0,02 0,963
and smell No 175 91.6% non-survivor n=3; 8.6%
Thoracic CT Positive 168 88.0% Mortality 20.3% 0,009*
scan Negative 23 12.0% Mortality 0.0%
Ground-opacity glass 164 85.9% Mortality n=33 20.1% χ2=2,50 0,114
Consolidation 68 35.6% Mortality n=20 29.4% χ2=8,67 0,003

Complete blood count and hematological parameters

Total median/ min-max Survivor (median) Non-survivor (median) N % Mortality rate (%) U p
WBC 6000 6000 5700 <4500 41 21.5 2580,0 0,612
(x106/L) (1500-19000) 4500-10500 135 70.7
>10500 15 7.8
Lymphocyte 1200 1355 700 <1000 77 40,3 988,0 <0,001
(x106/L) (200-3600) >1001 114 59,7
Neutrophil 3970 3835,0 4750,0 1942,5 0,008
(x106/L) (290-16260)
Eosinophil 10,0 20,0 10,0 2042,0 0,018
(x106/L) (0,00-640,0)
Total (median) Survivor (median) Non-survivor (median) Cut-off Total N %
Hemoglobin 13,3 13,55 10,90 871,0 <0,001
(g/dL) (5,7-17,4)
PLT 178,0 178,0 178,0 2639,5 0,759
(x109/L) (14-653)
RDW 13,5 13,46 15,14 1458,0 <0,001
(%) (2,6-24,0) (±1,56) (±2,43)
SII-Index 585,96 495,52 1477,78 <618,8 103 53.9 6.8% 1357,0 <0,001
(27,84-15062,5) >618,9 88 46.1 31.8%
NLR 3,31 2,73 9,27 <4,21 123 64.4 6.5% 1038,5 <0,001
(0,29-43,8) >4,21 68 35.6 39.7%
PLR 151,46 139,94 287,5 <189,5 132 69.1 6.1% 1144,0 <0,001
(16,09-1425,0) >189,6 59 30.9 45.8%

Comorbidities of patients

N % Value p
AKI 31 16.2 % survivor n=16; 10.3% χ2=22,35 <0,001
non-survivor n=15; 42.9%
Renal Tx 6 3.1 % survivor n=5; 3.2% 1,000
non-survivor n=1; 2.9% (Fisher’s)
CKD 28 14.7 % survivor n=10; 6.4% χ2=46,31 <0,001
non-survivor n=18; 51.4%
Hypertension 72 37.7 % survivor n= 42; 26.9% χ2=42,07 <0,001
non-survivor n= 30; 85.7%
Diabetes 44 23.0 % survivor n= 26; 16.7% χ2=19,48 <0,001
non-survivor n= 18; 51.4%
Heart failure 15 7.9 % survivor n= 7; 4,5% χ2=13,33 <0,001
non-survivor n= 8; 22,9%
median Min.-max. median U p
Creatinine 0,88 0,44-15,36 survivor 0,825 1230,5 <0,001
(mg/dL) non-survivor 1,52
eGFR (CKD-Epi) 88,13 3,02-133,44 survivor 94,19 808,5 <0,001
(ml/dk) non-survivor 41,74
LDH 343,0 155-25000 survivor 284,0 779,5 <0,001
(U/L) non-survivor 408,0
CRP 9,81 0,36-35,25 survivor 5,80 856,5 <0,001
(mg/dL) non-survivor 12,54
Ferritin 538 9-40000 survivor 192,0 345,5 <0,001
(ng/mL) non-survivor 861,0
D-Dimer 1130 0,52-6160 survivor 880,0 1095,0 0,252
(ng/mL) non-survivor 1575,0
Troponin-I 22,9 10-932 survivor 10,0 466,0 <0,001
(ng/mL) non-survivor 44,8
Procalcitonin 0,13 0,05-28,34 survivor 0,05 299,5 <0,001
(ng/mL) non-survivor 0,62
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