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Energy-efficient Q-learning-based routing in wireless sensor networks

Archana Chaudhari

Archana Chaudhari

  • Lincoln University CollegePetaling Jaya, Malaysia
  • Instrumentation Engineering Department, Vishwakarma Institute of TechnologyPune, India
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Chaudhari, Archana
, 
Vivek Deshpande

Vivek Deshpande

Vishwakarma Institute of Information TechnologyPune, India
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Deshpande, Vivek
 und 
Divya Midhunchakkaravarthy

Divya Midhunchakkaravarthy

Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Lincoln University CollegePetaling Jaya, Malaysia
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Midhunchakkaravarthy, Divya
  
24. Feb. 2025
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Artikel-Kategorie: Research Article
Online veröffentlicht: 24. Feb. 2025
Eingereicht: 12. Dez. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijssis-2025-0008
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© 2025 Archana Chaudhari et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Figure 1:

WSN with sensor node architecture. WSN, wireless sensor network.
WSN with sensor node architecture. WSN, wireless sensor network.

Figure 2:

PLR against number of nodes. PLR, packet loss ratio.
PLR against number of nodes. PLR, packet loss ratio.

Figure 3:

PDR against number of nodes. PDR, packet delivery ratio.
PDR against number of nodes. PDR, packet delivery ratio.

Figure 4:

Throughput against number of nodes.
Throughput against number of nodes.

Figure 5:

Networks lifetime against number of nodes.
Networks lifetime against number of nodes.

Performance comparison of the proposed energy-aware Q-learning-based routing algorithm with Q-learning-based routing_

Number of nodes PLR PDR Throughput Networks Lifetime
Q-learning Proposed energy-aware Q-learning Q-learning Proposed energy-aware Q-learning Q-learning Proposed energy-aware Q-learning Q-learning Proposed energy-aware Q-learning
20 0.3 0.58 0.7 0.42 0.175 21 0.2674 0.358
30 0.28 0.76 0.71 0.44 20.75 22 0.3155 0.344
40 0.28 0.51 0.725 0.49 23.25 25 0.3439 0.33
50 0.275 0.42 0.725 0.58 36.25 37 0.46233 0.33
60 0.17 0.01 0.725 0.99 41.35 49.5 0.5965 0.978
70 0.13 0.01 0.87 0.99 43.5 49.5 0.6865 1.29
80 0.13 0.01 0.87 0.99 43.5 49.5 0.8072 1.43
90 0.13 0.01 0.87 0.99 43.5 49.5 0.9189 1.47
100 0.13 0.01 0.87 0.99 43.5 49.5 1.032 1.596
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