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Biochemical composition and shape-dimensional traits of rosehip genotypes

Bünyamin Demir
Bünyamin Demir
, 
Bahadır Sayıncı
Bahadır Sayıncı
, 
Mehmet Yaman
Mehmet Yaman
, 
Ahmet Sümbül
Ahmet Sümbül
, 
Ercan Yıldız
Ercan Yıldız
, 
Orhan Karakaya
Orhan Karakaya
, 
Günseli Bobuş Alkaya
Günseli Bobuş Alkaya
 und 
Sezai Ercişli
Sezai Ercişli
   | 31. Dez. 2021
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Article Category: Original Article
Online veröffentlicht: 31. Dez. 2021
Seitenbereich: 293 - 308
Eingereicht: 24. Mai 2021
Akzeptiert: 24. Juli 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2021-0022
Schlüsselwörter
© 2021 Bünyamin Demir et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Rosehip genotypes displayed in horizontal and vertical orientation.
Rosehip genotypes displayed in horizontal and vertical orientation.

Figure 2

Length and area measurements of rosehip genotypes.
Length and area measurements of rosehip genotypes.

Figure 3

Shape and size characteristics of rosehip genotypes. SD, standard deviation of a sample; SCR, surface closure rate.
Shape and size characteristics of rosehip genotypes. SD, standard deviation of a sample; SCR, surface closure rate.

Figure 4

PC analysis scatter plot made on shape and size data. (A) Distribution of genotypes according to PC1 and PC2. (B) Distribution of genotypes according to PC1 and PC3. PC, principal component.
PC analysis scatter plot made on shape and size data. (A) Distribution of genotypes according to PC1 and PC2. (B) Distribution of genotypes according to PC1 and PC3. PC, principal component.

Figure 5

Change in shape contours of genotypes according to PC scores determined by EFA (from left to right: mean − 2SD, mean, mean + 2SD). EFA, elliptic Fourier analysis; PC, principal component.
Change in shape contours of genotypes according to PC scores determined by EFA (from left to right: mean − 2SD, mean, mean + 2SD). EFA, elliptic Fourier analysis; PC, principal component.

Figure 6

Centripetal distribution of canonical separation functions explaining the shape variations of rosehip genotypes. (A) Functions 1 and 2. (B) Functions 1 and 3.
Centripetal distribution of canonical separation functions explaining the shape variations of rosehip genotypes. (A) Functions 1 and 2. (B) Functions 1 and 3.

Figure 7

Hierarchical clustering analysis of the first five PC scores determined by EFA (Paired (UPGMA) algorithm and Euclidean similarity index). EFA, elliptic Fourier analysis; PC, principal component.
Hierarchical clustering analysis of the first five PC scores determined by EFA (Paired (UPGMA) algorithm and Euclidean similarity index). EFA, elliptic Fourier analysis; PC, principal component.

Discriminant analysis results and paired comparison.

a. Eigenvalue statistics of discriminant functions
Functions Eigenvalues % of the variance explained Cumulative, % Canonical correlation
1 5.820 81.8 81.8 0.924
2 0.755 10.6 92.4 0.656
3 0.308 4.3 96.7 0.485
b. MANOVA results
Statistics Value Hypothesis df Error df F value P (Sigma)
Wilks’ lambda 0.05145 120 8,856 61.17 0.000
Pillai trace 1.72 120 9,025 39.42 0.000
c. Hotelling's paired comparison test results (Top triangle: Mahalonabis distances; Bottom triangle: Bonferroni corrected)
G types G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 G16 G17 G18 G19 G20 G21 G22 G23 G24 G25
G1 16.5 9.5 22.8 26.4 4.3 19.0 4.5 4.8 8.6 3.6 3.3 39.2 6.9 15.5 4.9 4.0 58.4 7.7 28.9 10.3 7.1 12.9 9.9 13.1
G2 4E-47 28.0 1.7 3.6 5.6 0.9 4.6 7.8 10.6 28.1 19.2 6.5 5.9 2.4 28.5 34.6 16.3 6.6 3.3 8.3 8.8 6.5 3.5 2.4
G3 3E-34 5E-61 41.0 44.9 9.3 32.3 18.2 7.1 5.5 2.9 4.3 56.7 8.9 31.3 1.7 6.9 78.8 9.4 32.9 7.0 12.9 13.3 16.9 17.2
G4 2E-53 6E-07 5E-69 1.1 11.5 1.4 7.1 15.1 18.8 38.6 28.3 3.2 12.6 2.3 40.3 45.0 10.7 12.9 6.0 16.8 13.4 12.0 6.8 6.6
G5 3E-57 2E-15 1E-71 9E-04 14.5 1.3 9.5 17.2 21.9 42.1 29.9 4.7 16.5 3.9 44.9 49.0 7.7 16.3 7.6 19.6 16.7 14.4 8.8 7.9
G6 6E-19 2E-23 9E-34 5E-37 2E-42 8.0 2.1 0.7 2.3 8.9 5.1 22.1 0.6 7.5 8.9 13.2 38.2 1.2 11.4 2.2 3.2 3.6 2.5 2.8
G7 8E-51 3E-03 5E-65 2E-05 3E-05 2E-30 5.7 9.7 13.5 31.2 20.7 6.3 9.2 2.2 33.0 38.0 11.7 9.4 4.7 11.2 10.8 8.4 4.5 3.3
G8 4E-19 3E-19 9E-48 7E-26 1E-31 3E-09 7E-23 4.1 7.6 13.6 9.0 17.4 4.1 3.6 15.3 16.7 31.3 4.3 13.5 8.0 3.7 6.7 2.6 4.7
G9 6E-21 5E-30 7E-28 3E-43 2E-46 8E-02 1E-34 1E-17 2.3 7.3 2.9 27.2 1.5 10.6 7.4 11.7 41.4 2.4 13.5 1.5 5.3 4.8 4.3 3.7
G10 9E-31 4E-35 3E-22 9E-47 2E-50 4E-10 1E-40 5E-27 4E-10 8.6 6.3 27.7 1.3 12.6 8.2 15.1 45.2 0.8 12.7 1.0 3.2 1.7 3.8 3.9
G11 2E-16 4E-61 2E-13 2E-67 9E-70 1E-32 5E-64 9E-41 1E-28 9E-31 2.0 57.2 10.7 27.9 0.8 1.1 78.1 11.0 38.7 11.2 11.4 16.3 16.5 19.3
G12 6E-15 5E-51 4E-19 5E-59 2E-60 6E-22 7E-53 1E-31 1E-13 1E-24 7E-09 45.5 7.3 20.3 3.2 4.2 60.5 8.1 28.6 6.8 9.6 12.2 11.5 12.3
G13 2E-70 3E-26 5E-81 6E-14 2E-19 1E-54 1E-25 1E-46 3E-60 2E-58 3E-81 1E-74 21.4 6.7 58.5 66.5 6.7 20.4 6.4 25.9 20.9 16.9 12.9 12.4
G14 2E-27 2E-24 1E-32 4E-39 3E-45 4E-01 2E-33 2E-17 1E-06 4E-05 1E-36 1E-28 7E-54 8.7 9.8 16.0 39.2 0.5 9.5 1.2 3.2 2.3 2.6 2.5
G15 1E-45 6E-11 4E-64 4E-10 8E-17 4E-29 5E-10 8E-16 1E-36 4E-39 7E-61 2E-52 6E-27 4E-32 30.5 33.7 15.4 7.7 8.6 12.5 6.3 7.2 2.9 4.9
G16 2E-20 3E-59 4E-07 5E-66 6E-69 2E-31 3E-63 6E-42 1E-27 1E-28 3E-02 7E-14 6E-79 2E-33 5E-61 2.1 82.3 10.9 37.7 10.1 13.1 16.7 18.0 19.7
G17 6E-18 7E-67 2E-27 1E-71 5E-74 1E-41 1E-69 1E-45 7E-39 4E-43 2E-04 8E-19 1E-85 2E-46 4E-66 3E-09 89.1 17.0 48.7 17.8 16.7 24.2 22.9 26.7
G18 7E-82 7E-47 9E-91 2E-35 1E-28 1E-69 8E-39 1E-61 5E-72 1E-71 2E-90 6E-83 7E-27 2E-70 2E-45 1E-88 2E-94 37.7 16.4 41.2 37.6 31.7 25.7 23.8
G19 1E-29 2E-26 7E-34 2E-39 4E-45 6E-05 7E-34 3E-18 3E-11 3E-02 2E-37 9E-31 1E-52 1E+00 1E-29 8E-36 6E-48 3E-69 9.7 1.8 1.5 0.9 1.5 2.4
G20 1E-59 1E-14 4E-63 7E-23 3E-27 9E-37 1E-19 5E-39 1E-40 9E-38 2E-67 2E-59 5E-25 8E-33 1E-30 3E-64 8E-74 3E-45 3E-33 9.9 14.4 7.2 7.3 3.7
G21 7E-36 3E-31 9E-28 7E-46 1E-49 7E-10 9E-38 3E-29 1E-06 3E-03 1E-37 3E-27 7E-59 7E-05 2E-40 5E-34 5E-49 8E-72 7E-08 9E-34 6.0 2.8 4.7 3.0
G22 8E-27 3E-31 2E-39 6E-39 7E-44 7E-14 1E-35 2E-15 2E-21 2E-13 9E-37 4E-33 3E-51 4E-14 1E-24 2E-38 1E-45 1E-66 4E-06 2E-40 1E-23 2.2 1.6 4.9
G23 1E-39 4E-25 3E-40 2E-36 1E-40 2E-15 4E-30 1E-24 4E-20 5E-07 5E-45 3E-38 6E-46 4E-10 4E-27 5E-44 6E-55 5E-62 6E-03 5E-26 2E-12 3E-09 1.3 1.7
G24 6E-35 7E-16 8E-48 3E-26 4E-31 2E-11 1E-19 2E-11 4E-19 2E-16 3E-47 2E-38 4E-41 4E-12 2E-13 2E-47 1E-55 9E-59 1E-06 2E-27 2E-20 2E-06 6E-05 1.2
G25 6E-40 2E-10 3E-46 2E-24 9E-28 2E-12 2E-14 6E-19 4E-16 3E-16 3E-49 2E-38 1E-38 4E-11 2E-20 7E-48 1E-57 2E-54 2E-10 2E-15 3E-13 2E-19 7E-07 9E-05

Biochemical characteristics of rosehip genotypes (fresh weight base).

Genotypes Antioxidant activity (DPPH) (mmol TE · kg−1) Total flavonoids (mg QE · kg−1) Total phenolics (mg GAE · kg−1)
G1 46.777 ± 0.145 n 523.20 ± 5.41 jk 63,495.40 ± 230.94 ih
G2 46.462 ± 0.204 n 708.40 ± 3.91 g 63,452.80 ± 255.46 ih
G3 51.042 ± 0.139 k 517.40 ± 4.47 jk 71,282.80 ± 256.12 d
G4 52.186 ± 0.128 j 500.80 ± 6.18 kl 67,119.80 ± 229.01 f
G5 51.334 ± 0.280 k 402.20 ± 4.28 o 48,936.20 ± 147.12 n
G6 39.510 ± 0.172 o 615.40 ± 5.94 h 39,103.20 ± 135.65 s
G7 48.791 ± 0.321 lm 287.80 ± 6.53 r 41,221.40 ± 235.79 r
G8 64.726 ± 0.227 c 560.00 ± 3.82 i 63,220.00 ± 477.88 i
G9 55.626 ± 0.209 h 480.80 ± 6.73 l 50,449.80 ± 443.70 m
G10 61.904 ± 0.234 d 629.20 ± 9.56 h 57,572.20 ± 443.72 j
G11 46.446 ± 0.355 n 292.80 ± 1.77 r 38,519.40 ± 95.26 s
G12 46.958 ± 0.243 n 452.60 ± 0.92 m 39,297.40 ± 323.95 s
G13 52.887 ± 0.203 i 342.20 ± 3.15 p 46,377.80 ± 283.56 o
G14 56.329 ± 0.292 g 407.80 ± 2.59 no 45,989.00 ± 454.78 o
G15 58.241 ± 0.205 f 726.80 ± 5.90 g 58,534.00 ± 291.88 j
G16 53.422 ± 0.227 i 431.60 ± 4.84 mn 44,822.20 ± 90.64 p
G17 56.142 ± 0.172 gh 985.20 ± 12.41 d 56,139.40 ± 326.93 k
G18 59.361 ± 0.273 e 1,686.20 ± 4.55 a 62,851.80 ± 304.91 i
G19 72.673 ± 0.198 a 1,505.20 ± 35.01 b 79,080.60 ± 267.63 a
G20 67.944 ± 0.316 b 1,095.80 ± 10.00 c 73,391.60 ± 455.63 b
G21 48.318 ± 0.160 m 754.40 ± 4.05 f 68,647.00 ± 272.68 e
G22 59.838 ± 0.257 e 537.60 ± 3.73 ij 64,285.20 ± 894.97 gh
G23 49.226 ± 0.163 l 533.60 ± 5.11 ij 52,998.00 ± 177.86 l
G24 64.864 ± 0.173 c 636.60 ± 7.29 h 72,313.20 ± 252.59 c
G25 67.705 ± 0.243 b 864.80 ± 4.07 e 64,672.60 ± 253.87 g

Eigen statistics and vectors for three PCs.

Physical attributes PC1 PC2 PC3
Surface area 0.997
Geometric mean diameter 0.997
Volume 0.997
Elongation at horizontal −0.989
Sphericity 0.979
Circularity 0.952
SCR 0.998
Eigenvalues 3.000 2.860 1.041
% of variance 42.853 40.853 14.865
Cumulative (%) 42.853 83.706 98.571
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