Trade value | The dependent variable. The value of bilateral trade in goods. The value is expressed in thousands of USD. |
RTA | The vector of discrete variables takes the value of 1 when both trade partners are in the same RTA and 0 otherwise (e.g. RTA among CEE countries; RTA between CEE and EU; other RTA combinations). |
NA-EU | Discrete variables take the value of 1 when a New Approach in sector |
MR-EU | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there is a Mutual Recognition in sector |
HR-EU | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there are Harmonization Regulations in sector k occurring in trade between country |
None-EU | Discrete variables take the value of 1 when no TBT is imposed in sector |
NA-EU15-NMS | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there is a New Approach in sector |
NA-NMS-EU15 | Discrete variables take the value of 1 when a New Approach in sector |
NA-NMS-NMS | Discrete variables take the value of 1 when a New Approach in sector |
MR-EU15-NMS | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there is a Mutual Recognition in sector |
MR-NMS-EU15 | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there is a Mutual Recognition in sector k occurring in trade between country j and country i in time t. The good originates from a New member state, and the trading partner is an EU15 member state. Otherwise, the variable takes the value of 0. |
MR-NMS-NMS | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there is a Mutual Recognition in sector |
HR-EU15-NMS | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there are Harmonization Regulations in sector |
HR-NMS-EU15 | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there are Harmonization Regulations in sector k occurring in trade between country j and country i in time t. The good originates from a New member state, and the trading partner is an EU15 member state. Otherwise, the variable takes the value of 0. |
HR-NMS-NMS | Discrete variables take a value of 1 when there are Harmonization Regulations in sector |
HR | 2,417,594 | 19.11 | 19.11 |
HR+MRA | 187,271 | 1.48 | 20.59 |
HR+MRP | 237,622 | 1.88 | 22.47 |
MRA | 571,503 | 4.52 | 26.99 |
MRP | 2,187,488 | 17.29 | 44.28 |
NA | 3,149,899 | 24.90 | 69.18 |
NA+MRA | 687,612 | 5.43 | 74.61 |
NA+MRP | 140,800 | 1.11 | 75.72 |
None | 3,072,386 | 24.28 | 100.00 |
Total | 12,652,175 | 100.00 |
Mining and agglomeration of lignite | 102 | Low-technology | HR | Ceramic goods | 262 | High-technology | None |
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas | 111 | Low-technology | MRP | Bricks, tiles and construction products | 264 | High-technology | NA |
Service activities incidental to oil and gas extraction, excluding surveying | 112 | Low-technology | MRP | Cement, lime and plaster | 265 | High-technology | NA |
Mining of uranium and thorium ores | 120 | Low-technology | HR | Articles of concret, plaster and cement | 266 | High-technology | NA |
Mining of iron metals | 131 | Low-technology | None | Cutting, shaping, finishing of stone | 267 | High-technology | None |
Mining of non-ferrous metal ores, exept uranium and thorium ores | 132 | Low-technology | None | Other non-metallic mineral products | 268 | High-technology | HR |
Quarrying of stone | 141 | Low-technology | MRP | Basic iron and steel, ferro-alloys (ECSC) | 271 | Medium-high-technology | NA+MRP |
Mining of chemical and fertilizer minerals | 143 | Low-technology | None | Tubes | 272 | Medium-high-technology | None |
Production of salt | 144 | Low-technology | None | Other first processing of iron and steel | 273 | Medium-high-technology | None |
Meat products | 151 | Low-technology | HR | Basic precious and non-ferrous metals | 274 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Fish and fish products | 152 | Low-technology | HR | Structural metal products | 281 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Fruits and vegetables | 153 | Low-technology | HR | Tanks, reservoirs, central heating radiators and boilers | 282 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Vegetable and animal oils and fats | 154 | Low-technology | HR+MRP | Forging, pressing, stamping and roll forming of metal; powder 289x metallurgy | 284 | Medium-high-technology | None |
Dairy products; ice cream | 155 | Low-technology | HR | Treatment and coating of metals; general mechanical engineering | 285 | Medium-high-technology | None |
Grain mill products and starches | 156 | Low-technology | HR | Cutlery, tools and general hardware | 286 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Prepared animal feeds | 157 | Low-technology | HR | Machinery for production, use of mech. power | 291 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Other food products | 158 | Low-technology | HR | Other general purpose machinery | 292 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Beverages | 159 | Low-technology | MRP | Agricultural and forestry machinery | 293 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Tobacco products | 160 | Low-technology | HR | Machine-tools | 294 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Textile fibres | 171 | Low-technology | None | Other special purpose machinery | 295 | Medium-high-technology | NA |
Textile weaving | 172 | Low-technology | None | Domestic appliances n. e. c. | 297 | Medium-high-technology | NA+MRA |
Finishing of textiles | 173 | Low-technology | MRP | Office machinery and computers | 300 | Medium-high-technology | MRA |
Made-up textile articles | 174 | Low-technology | MRP | Electric motors, generators and transformers | 311 | Low-technology | NA |
Other textiles | 175 | Low-technology | NA+MRA | Electricity distribution and control apparatus | 312 | Low-technology | MRP |
Knitted and crocheted fabrics | 176 | Low-technology | MRP | Isolated wire and cable | 313 | Low-technology | MRA |
Knitted and crocheted articles | 177 | Low-technology | MRP | Lighting equipment and electric lamps | 315 | Low-technology | NA+MRA |
Other wearing apparel and accessories | 182 | Medium-low-technology | None | Electronic valves and tubes, other electronic comp. | 321 | Low-technology | NA+MRA |
Dressing and dyeing of fur; articles of fur | 183 | Low-technology | MRP | TV, radio and recording apparatus | 323 | Low-technology | HR+MRA |
Tanning and dressing of leather | 191 | Medium-low-technology | None | Medical equipment | 331 | Medium-low-technology | NA |
Footwear | 193 | Medium-low-technology | None | Instruments for measuring, checking, testing, navigating | 332 | Medium-low-technology | None |
Sawmilling, planing and impregnation of wood | 201 | Medium-high-technology | None | Optical instruments and photographic equipment | 334 | Medium-low-technology | None |
Panels and boards of wood | 202 | Medium-high-technology | NA | Watches and clocks | 335 | Medium-low-technology | None |
Builders’ carpentry and joinery | 203 | Medium-high-technology | NA | Motor vehicles | 341 | Medium-low-technology | HR |
Wooden containers | 204 | Medium-high-technology | None | Bodies for motor vehicles, trailers | 342 | Medium-low-technology | None |
Other products of wood; articles of cork, etc. | 205 | Medium-high-technology | None | Parts and accessories for motor vehicles | 343 | Medium-low-technology | HR |
Pulp, paper and paperboard | 211 | High-technology | HR | Ships and boats | 351 | Low-technology | MRP |
Articles of paper and paperboard | 212 | High-technology | HR | Railway locomotives and rolling stock | 352 | Low-technology | MRP |
Publishing | 221 | High-technology | HR | Aircraft and spacecraft | 353 | Low-technology | MRP |
Printing | 222 | Medium-low-technology | None | Motorcycles and bicycles | 354 | Low-technology | MRP |
Coke oven products | 231 | Medium-low-technology | MRP | Furniture | 361 | Low-technology | MRP |
Refined petroleum and nuclear fuel | 232 | Medium-low-technology | HR | Jewellery and related articles | 362 | Low-technology | NA |
Nuclear fuel | 233 | Medium-low-technology | HR | Musical instruments | 363 | Low-technology | None |
Basic chemicals | 241 | Medium-low-technology | MRP | Sports goods | 364 | Low-technology | NA |
Pesticides, other agro-chemical products | 242 | Medium-low-technology | HR+MRP | Games and toys | 365 | Low-technology | NA |
Paints, coatings, printing ink | 243 | Medium-low-technology | MRP | Miscellaneous manufacturing n. e. c. | 366 | Low-technology | None |
Pharmaceuticals | 244 | Medium-low-technology | MRA | Production and distribution of electricity | 401 | Low-technology | None |
Detergents, cleaning and polishing, perfumes | 245 | Medium-low-technology | HR | Manuacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains | 402 | Low-technology | None |
Other chemical products | 246 | Medium-low-technology | MRP | Steam and hot water supply | 403 | Low-technology | None |
Rubber products | 251 | Medium-low-technology | None | Collection, purification and distribution of water | 410 | Low-technology | HR |
Plastic products | 252 | Medium-low-technology | NA | Motion picture and video activities | 921 | Low-technology | None |
Glass and glass products | 261 | High-technology | NA |
RTA | 0.0188 |
0.0189 |
−.012465 | .0329128 |
.0017943 | .0252775 |
0.0188 |
(0.00472) | (0.00472) | .0083309 | .0107669 | .0056227 | .0084095 | (0.00472) | |
RTA CEE | −0.0223 | 0.0783 |
.0649999 |
.1408041 |
.0972213 |
−.0167929 | −0.0379 |
(0.0146) | (0.0199) | .0342033 | .0292653 | .0358558 | .0409532 | (0.0195) | |
RTA CEE UE | −0.0735 |
−0.0409 |
−.1129603 |
.0039924 | −.117901 |
.0503106 |
−0.0386 |
(0.00830) | (0.0100) | .0149379 | .0157854 | .0179346 | .0187081 | (0.00960) | |
NA_EU | 0.0136 |
||||||
(0.00460) | |||||||
MR_EU | −0.00768 | ||||||
(0.00816) | |||||||
HR_EU | 0.0140 |
||||||
(0.00543) | |||||||
none_EU | 0.0148 |
||||||
(0.00525) | |||||||
NA-EU15-NMS | −0.0534 |
.0526952 | −.0269492 | .0155141 | −.1057659 |
0.0831 |
|
(0.0160) | .0504126 | .0199265 | .0364956 | .049518 | (0.0190) | ||
NA-NMS-EU15 | 0.145 |
.2508488 |
.1775791 |
.097095 |
.2936307 |
0.0895 |
|
(0.0188) | .0413104 | .0251493 | .0453394 | .0539502 | (0.0287) | ||
NA-NMS-NMS | 0.0942 |
.3505328 |
.200204 |
−.1348145 |
−.022882 | 0.356 |
|
(0.0248) | .0632008 | .0332285 | .0598275 | .0734733 | (0.0356) | ||
MR-EU15-NMS | 0.0651 |
(omitted) | .0071325 | .0985143 |
.0923532 |
0.148 |
|
(0.0234) | .0496438 | .0290378 | .0399543 | (0.0316) | |||
MR-NMS-EU15 | 0.0377 | (omitted) | −.0343424 | .3994119 |
−.1333244 |
0.0560 | |
(0.0275) | .0616616 | .039404 | .0400508 | (0.0374) | |||
MR-NMS-NMS | 0.145 |
(omitted) | .0789878 | .2778632 |
.0426703 | −0.0996 | |
(0.0338) | .0579968 | .046876 | .0603844 | (0.0608) | |||
HR-EU15-NMS | 0.128 |
.0170128 | (omitted) | .0411172 | .2959768 |
0.257 |
|
(0.0295) | .0270469 | .0499832 | .0442682 | (0.0318) | |||
HR-NMS-EU15 | 0.276 |
.3145475 |
(omitted) | −.064045 | .8265343 |
0.551 |
|
(0.0367) | .0311062 | .059602 | .0494348 | (0.0401) | |||
HR-NMS-NMS | 0.209 |
−.0845362 |
(omitted) | .0838884 | .4971171 |
0.575 |
|
(0.0371) | .0438424 | .0673421 | .0511993 | (0.0380) | |||
None-EU15-NMS | 0.166 |
−.1212058 |
.1458626 |
.2292322 |
−.0202643 | 0.144 |
|
(0.0505) | .0472334 | .0405111 | .076868 | .0351835 | (0.0834) | ||
None-NMS-EU15 | −0.122 |
−.316273 |
.0968501 |
−.2923275 |
.3317987 |
−0.211 |
|
(0.0223) | .0605635 | .0360711 | .0332407 | .0500403 | (0.0290) | ||
None-NMS-NMS | 0.431 |
−.1457483 |
.147424 |
.6738975 | .2335274 |
0.357 |
|
(0.0587) | .0711817 | .052262 | .0969544 |
.0610534 | (0.0721) | ||
NA-EU15-V4 | −0.184 |
||||||
(0.0207) | |||||||
NA-V4-EU15 | 0.133 |
||||||
(0.0190) | |||||||
NA-V4-V4 | −0.153 |
||||||
(0.0315) | |||||||
NA-V4-NMS | −0.113 |
||||||
(0.0287) | |||||||
MR-EU15-V4 | 0.0136 | ||||||
(0.0278) | |||||||
MR-V4-EU15 | 0.0293 | ||||||
(0.0311) | |||||||
MR-V4-V4 | 0.0405 | ||||||
(0.0418) | |||||||
MR-V4-NMS | 0.169 |
||||||
(0.0393) | |||||||
HR-EU15-V4 | −0.0323 | ||||||
(0.0397) | |||||||
HR-V4-EU15 | 0.160 |
||||||
(0.0407) | |||||||
HR-V4-V4 | −0.178 |
||||||
(0.0613) | |||||||
HR-V4-NMS | 0.146 |
||||||
(0.0403) | |||||||
None-EU15-V4 | 0.115 |
||||||
(0.0409) | |||||||
None-V4-EU15 | −0.151 |
||||||
(0.0260) | |||||||
None-V4-V4 | 0.125 |
||||||
(0.0614) | |||||||
None-V4-NMS | 0.412 |
||||||
Constant | 13.52 |
13.51 |
11.84421 |
13.28023 |
13.63611 |
13.6876 |
13.51 |
(0.00157) | (0.00158) | .0027644 | .0034178 | .0022599 | .0028308 | (0.00155) | |
(0.102) | |||||||
N of obs. | 12,355,183 | 12,355,183 | 1,271,213 | 2,834,200 | 3,376,816 | 4,872,954 |
RTA | 0.0339 |
−0.00423 | 0.0123 | 0.0806 |
0.0954 |
−0.0163 |
(0.0188) | (0.0164) | (0.0183) | (0.0213) | (0.0194) | (0.0201) | |
RTA CEE | 0.404 |
0.0614 | 0.177 |
−0.0595 | 0.164 |
0.499 |
(0.127) | (0.0580) | (0.0604) | (0.0501) | (0.0785) | (0.0725) | |
RTA CEE UE | 0.395 |
−0.102 |
−0.00993 | −0.0208 | 0.271 |
−0.00325 |
(0.0789) | (0.0435) | (0.0398) | (0.0348) | (0.0388) | (0.0420) | |
EU15 to NMS | −0.276 |
0.182 |
0.258 |
0.0141 | 0.146 |
−0.0659 |
(0.0860) | (0.0393) | (0.0474) | (0.0335) | (0.0491) | (0.0832) | |
NMS to EU15 | 0.578 |
0.265 |
0.0101 | 0.141 |
0.698 |
−0.235 |
(0.134) | (0.0592) | (0.0528) | (0.0376) | (0.0510) | (0.0393) | |
NMS to NMS | 0.562 |
0.147 |
0.345 |
−0.0159 | 0.311 |
0.485 |
(0.134) | (0.0569) | (0.0672) | (0.0514) | (0.0806) | (0.0939) | |
Constant | 13.39 |
15.03 |
15.48 |
15.09 |
14.74 |
14.54 |
(0.00944) | (0.00563) | (0.00558) | (0.00661) | (0.00758) | (0.00619) | |
Observations | 221,83 | 354,348 | 355,499 | 342,843 | 259,306 | 353,184 |
Year | 12,652,175 | 2009.808 | 6.449645 | 1995 | 2020 |
Export value | 12,652,175 | 19094.65 | 341852.5 | 1.15e-10 | 2.01e+08 |
RTA | 12,652,175 | .2013112 | .4009801 | 0 | 1 |
RTA-CEE-UE | 12,652,175 | .0121949 | .1097551 | 0 | 1 |
RTA-CEE | 12,652,175 | .002402 | .0489509 | 0 | 1 |
NA | 12,652,175 | .3144369 | .4642912 | 0 | 1 |
NA-EU | 12,652,175 | .0226739 | .1488616 | 0 | 1 |
NA-EU15-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0055967 | .0746018 | 0 | 1 |
NA-NMS-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0048632 | .0695668 | 0 | 1 |
NA-NMS-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0036937 | .0606633 | 0 | 1 |
NA-EU15-NMS(other) | 12,652,175 | .0037779 | .0613486 | 0 | 1 |
NA-EU15-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0024246 | .0491801 | 0 | 1 |
NA-V4-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0030244 | .0549112 | 0 | 1 |
NA-V4-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0024284 | .0492193 | 0 | 1 |
NA-V4-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0013491 | .0367053 | 0 | 1 |
MR | 12,652,175 | .342041 | .4743933 | 0 | 1 |
MR EU | 12,652,175 | .0252982 | .1570292 | 0 | 1 |
MR-EU15-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0062408 | .078752 | 0 | 1 |
MR-NMS-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0053653 | .0730516 | 0 | 1 |
MR-NMS-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0040377 | .0634147 | 0 | 1 |
MR-EU15-NMS(other) | 12,652,175 | .0041938 | .0646238 | 0 | 1 |
MR-EU15-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0027208 | .0520903 | 0 | 1 |
MR-V4-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0033346 | .0576497 | 0 | 1 |
MR-V4-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0026562 | .0514701 | 0 | 1 |
MR-V4-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0014717 | .0383343 | 0 | 1 |
HR | 12,652,175 | .2246639 | .4173608 | 0 | 1 |
HR EU | 12,652,175 | .0167582 | .1283643 | 0 | 1 |
HR-EU15-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0041769 | .0644939 | 0 | 1 |
HR-NMS-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0034418 | .0585656 | 0 | 1 |
HR-NMS-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0026463 | .0513737 | 0 | 1 |
HR-EU15-NMS(other) | 12,652,175 | .0028076 | .0529122 | 0 | 1 |
HR-EU15-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0018074 | .0424755 | 0 | 1 |
HR-V4-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .0020909 | .045679 | 0 | 1 |
HR-V4-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0017252 | .0414992 | 0 | 1 |
HR-V4-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0009456 | .0307362 | 0 | 1 |
None | 12,652,175 | .2428346 | .428796 | 0 | 1 |
None EU | 12,652,175 | .0193679 | .1378143 | 0 | 1 |
None-EU15-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0047352 | .0686499 | 0 | 1 |
None-NMS-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .003963 | .0628271 | 0 | 1 |
None-NMS-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0029981 | .0546731 | 0 | 1 |
None-EU15-NMS(other) | 12,652,175 | .0031353 | .0559056 | 0 | 1 |
None-EU15-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0021295 | .0460975 | 0 | 1 |
None-V4-EU15 | 12,652,175 | .002423 | .0491641 | 0 | 1 |
None-V4-V4 | 12,652,175 | .0020193 | .0448908 | 0 | 1 |
None-V4-NMS | 12,652,175 | .0010664 | .032638 | 0 | 1 |