Summary of Practical Experience in Internal Emergency Planning of Dangerous Chemical Establishments

The present article draws the reader's attention to the practices and challenges faced by operators in internal emergency planning for major industrial accidents involving dangerous substances, with particular emphasis on the operation of chemical production and storage facilities. The authors examine the current European and Hungarian legal frameworks and present findings based on practical experiences gained during emergency management exercises. Case studies illustrate the complexity of internal emergency planning, training and implementation, with particular regard to human factors, communication, protective infrastructures and their practical applicability. The primary objective of the article is to contribute to the ongoing development of internal emergency planning methodologies and procedures, and also to enhance preparedness for mitigating the consequences of potential emergencies at dangerous establishments.