This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Sanborn RT. Differences between the facial skeletal patterns of Class III malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod 1955;25:208–22.SanbornRT.Differences between the facial skeletal patterns of Class III malocclusion and normal occlusion. Angle Orthod1955;25:208–22.Search in Google Scholar
Jacobson A, Evans W, Preston C, Sadowsky P. Mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod 1974;66:140–71.JacobsonAEvansWPrestonCSadowskyP.Mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod1974;66:140–71.10.1016/0002-9416(74)90233-44526387Search in Google Scholar
Ellis III E, McNamara Jr JA. Components of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;42:295–305.EllisEIIIMcNamaraJAJr. Components of adult Class III malocclusion. J Oral Maxillofac Surg1984;42:295–305.10.1016/0278-2391(84)90109-56585502Search in Google Scholar
Guyer EC, Ellis III EE, McNamara JA Jr, Behrents RG. Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod 1986;56:7–30.GuyerECEllisEEIIIMcNamaraJAJrBehrentsRG.Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod1986;56:7–30.Search in Google Scholar
Kim J-H, Viana MA, Graber TM, Omerza FF, BeGole EA. The effectiveness of protraction face mask therapy: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:675–85.KimJ-HVianaMAGraberTMOmerzaFFBeGoleEAThe effectiveness of protraction face mask therapy: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1999;115:675–85.10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70294-510358251Search in Google Scholar
Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. Treatment and posttreatment craniofacial changes after rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;118:404–13.BaccettiTFranchiLMcNamaraJAJr. Treatment and posttreatment craniofacial changes after rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2000;118:404–13.10.1067/mod.2000.10984011029736Search in Google Scholar
Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA Jr. Postpubertal assessment of treatment timing for maxillary expansion and protraction therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;126:555–68.FranchiLBaccettiTMcNamaraJAJr. Postpubertal assessment of treatment timing for maxillary expansion and protraction therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2004;126:555–68.10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.10.03615520688Search in Google Scholar
Oppenheim A. A possibility for physiologic orthodontic movement. Am J Orthod Oral Surg 1944;30:277–328.OppenheimA.A possibility for physiologic orthodontic movement. Am J Orthod Oral Surg1944;30:277–328.10.1016/S0096-6347(44)90178-XSearch in Google Scholar
Dellinger EL. A preliminary study of anterior maxillary displacement. Am J Orthod 1973;63:509–16.DellingerEL.A preliminary study of anterior maxillary displacement. Am J Orthod1973;63:509–16.10.1016/0002-9416(73)90163-24633054Search in Google Scholar
Delaire J, Verdon P, Kénési FM-C. Extraorale Zugkräfte mit Stirn-Kinn-Abstützung zur Behandlung der Oberkieferdeformierungen als Folge von Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten. Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 1973;34:225–37.DelaireJVerdonPKénésiFM-C.Extraorale Zugkräfte mit Stirn-Kinn-Abstützung zur Behandlung der Oberkieferdeformierungen als Folge von Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten.Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie1973;34:225–37.10.1007/BF02260954Search in Google Scholar
Petit H. Adaptation following accelerated facial-mask therapy. In McNamara JA, Ribbens KA, Howe RP. (Eds). Clinical alteration of the growing face. monograph no 14. craniofacial growth series Ann Arbor: Center for Growth and Development, University of Michigan; 1983;253–89.PetitH.Adaptation following accelerated facial-mask therapy. InMcNamaraJARibbensKAHoweRP. (Eds).Clinical alteration of the growing face. monograph no 14. craniofacial growth seriesAnn Arbor:Center for Growth and Development, University of Michigan1983;253–89.Search in Google Scholar
Kambara T. Dentofacial changes produced by extraoral forward force in the Macaca irus. Am J Orthod 1977;71:249–77.KambaraT.Dentofacial changes produced by extraoral forward force in the Macaca irus. Am J Orthod1977;71:249–77.10.1016/0002-9416(77)90187-7402814Search in Google Scholar
Nanda R. Protraction of maxilla in rhesus monkeys by controlled extraoral forces. Am J Orthod 1978;74:121–41.NandaR.Protraction of maxilla in rhesus monkeys by controlled extraoral forces. Am J Orthod1978;74:121–41.10.1016/0002-9416(78)90080-599041Search in Google Scholar
Baik HS. Clinical results of the maxillary protraction in Korean children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;108:583–92.BaikHS.Clinical results of the maxillary protraction in Korean children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1995;108:583–92.10.1016/S0889-5406(95)70003-XSearch in Google Scholar
Ngan P, Yiu C, Hu A, Hägg U, Wei SH, Gunel E. Cephalometric and occlusal changes following maxillary expansion and protraction. Eur J Orthod 1998;20:237–54.NganPYiuCHuAHäggUWeiSHGunelE.Cephalometric and occlusal changes following maxillary expansion and protraction. Eur J Orthod1998;20:237–54.10.1093/ejo/20.3.2379699402Search in Google Scholar
Kiliçoĝlu H, Kirliç Y. Profile changes in patients with Class III malocclusions after Delaire mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:453–62.KiliçoĝluHKirliçY.Profile changes in patients with Class III malocclusions after Delaire mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1998;113:453–62.10.1016/S0889-5406(98)80018-8Search in Google Scholar
Ngan P, Yiu C. Evaluation of treatment and posttreatment changes of protraction facemask treatment using the PAR index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;118:414–20.NganPYiuC.Evaluation of treatment and posttreatment changes of protraction facemask treatment using the PAR index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2000;118:414–20.10.1067/mod.2000.10825311029737Search in Google Scholar
Guyman GW, Kōkich VG, Oswald RJ. Ankylosed teeth as abutments for palatal expansion in the rhesus monkey. Am J Orthod 1980;77:486–99.GuymanGWKōkichVGOswaldRJ.Ankylosed teeth as abutments for palatal expansion in the rhesus monkey. Am J Orthod1980;77:486–99.10.1016/0002-9416(80)90128-16768298Search in Google Scholar
Kokich VG, Shapiro PA, Oswald R, Koskinen-Moffett L, Clarren SK. Ankylosed teeth as abutments for maxillary protraction: a case report. Am J Orthod 1985;88:303–7.KokichVGShapiroPAOswaldRKoskinen-MoffettLClarrenSK.Ankylosed teeth as abutments for maxillary protraction: a case report. Am J Orthod1985;88:303–7.10.1016/0002-9416(85)90129-03901773Search in Google Scholar
Smalley WM, Shapiro PA, Hohl TH, Kokich VG, Brånemark P-I. Osseointegrated titanium implants for maxillofacial protraction in monkeys. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988;94:285–95.SmalleyWMShapiroPAHohlTHKokichVGBrånemarkP-I.Osseointegrated titanium implants for maxillofacial protraction in monkeys. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1988;94:285–95.10.1016/0889-5406(88)90053-43177282Search in Google Scholar
Singer SL, Henry PJ, Rosenberg I. Osseointegrated implants as an adjunct to facemask therapy: a case report. Angle Orthod 2000;70:253–62.SingerSLHenryPJRosenbergI.Osseointegrated implants as an adjunct to facemask therapy: a case report. Angle Orthod2000;70:253–62.Search in Google Scholar
Hong H, Ngan P, Li HG, Qi LG, Wei SH. Use of onplants as stable anchorage for facemask treatment: a case report. Angle Orthod 2005;75:453–60.HongHNganPLiHGQiLGWeiSH.Use of onplants as stable anchorage for facemask treatment: a case report. Angle Orthod2005;75:453–60.Search in Google Scholar
Kircelli BH, Pektaş Z, Uçkan S. Orthopedic protraction with skeletal anchorage in a patient with maxillary hypoplasia and hypodontia. Angle Orthod 2006;76:156–63.KircelliBHPektaşZUçkanS.Orthopedic protraction with skeletal anchorage in a patient with maxillary hypoplasia and hypodontia. Angle Orthod2006;76:156–63.Search in Google Scholar
Kircelli BH, Pektas ZÖ. Midfacial protraction with skeletally anchored face mask therapy: a novel approach and preliminary results. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008;133:440–9.KircelliBHPektasZÖ.Midfacial protraction with skeletally anchored face mask therapy: a novel approach and preliminary results. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2008;133:440–9.10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.06.01118331946Search in Google Scholar
Vachiramon A, Urata M, Kyung HM, Yamashita D-D, Yen SL. Clinical applications of orthodontic microimplant anchorage in craniofacial patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2009;46:136–46.VachiramonAUrataMKyungHMYamashitaD-DYenSLClinical applications of orthodontic microimplant anchorage in craniofacial patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J2009;46:136–46.10.1597/06-219.119254050Search in Google Scholar
De Clerck HJ, Cornelis MA, Cevidanes LH, Heymann GC, Tulloch CJ. Orthopedic traction of the maxilla with miniplates: a new perspective for treatment of midface deficiency. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;67:2123–9.De ClerckHJCornelisMACevidanesLHHeymannGCTullochCJOrthopedic traction of the maxilla with miniplates: a new perspective for treatment of midface deficiency. J Oral Maxillofac Surg2009;67:2123–9.10.1016/j.joms.2009.03.007291039719761906Search in Google Scholar
Cevidanes L, Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr, De Clerck H. Comparison of two protocols for maxillary protraction: bone anchors versus face mask with rapid maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod 2010;80:799–806.CevidanesLBaccettiTFranchiLMcNamaraJAJrDe ClerckH.Comparison of two protocols for maxillary protraction: bone anchors versus face mask with rapid maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod2010;80:799–806.10.2319/111709-651.1293026120578848Search in Google Scholar
Şar Ç, Arman-Özçırpıcı A, Uçkan S, Yazıcı AC. Comparative evaluation of maxillary protraction with or without skeletal anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;139:636–49.ŞarÇArman-ÖzçırpıcıAUçkanSYazıcıAC.Comparative evaluation of maxillary protraction with or without skeletal anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2011;139:636–49.10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.06.03921536207Search in Google Scholar
Feng X, Li J, Li Y, Zhao Z, Zhao S, Wang J. Effectiveness of TAD-anchored maxillary protraction in late mixed dentition: a systematic review. Angle Orthod 2012;82:1107–14.FengXLiJLiYZhaoZZhaoSWangJ.Effectiveness of TAD-anchored maxillary protraction in late mixed dentition: a systematic review. Angle Orthod2012;82:1107–14.10.2319/111411-705.1881315122458766Search in Google Scholar
Lee N-K, Yang I-H, Baek S-H. The short-term treatment effects of face mask therapy in Class III patients based on the anchorage device: mini plates vs rapid maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod 2012;82:846–52.LeeN-KYangI-HBaekS-HThe short-term treatment effects of face mask therapy in Class III patients based on the anchorage device: mini plates vs rapid maxillary expansion. Angle Orthod2012;82:846–52.10.2319/090811-584.1882310622264134Search in Google Scholar
Hino CT, Cevidanes LH, Nguyen TT, De Clerck HJ, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary changes associated with facemask and rapid maxillary expansion compared with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013;144:705–14.HinoCTCevidanesLHNguyenTTDe ClerckHJFranchiLMcNamaraJAJr. Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary changes associated with facemask and rapid maxillary expansion compared with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2013;144:705–14.10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.07.011397212524182587Search in Google Scholar
Ngan P, Wilmes B, Drescher D, Martin C, Weaver B, Gunel E. Comparison of two maxillary protraction protocols: tooth-borne versus bone-anchored protraction facemask treatment. Prog Orthod 2015;16:26.NganPWilmesBDrescherDMartinCWeaverBGunelE.Comparison of two maxillary protraction protocols: tooth-borne versus bone-anchored protraction facemask treatment. Prog Orthod2015;16:26.10.1186/s40510-015-0096-7454796926303311Search in Google Scholar
Jamilian A, Cannavale R, Piancino MG, Eslami S, Perillo L. Methodological quality and outcome of systematic reviews reporting on orthopaedic treatment for class III malocclusion: Overview of systematic reviews. J orthod 2016;43:102–20.JamilianACannavaleRPiancinoMGEslamiSPerilloL.Methodological quality and outcome of systematic reviews reporting on orthopaedic treatment for class III malocclusion: Overview of systematic reviews. J orthod2016;43:102–20.10.1080/14653125.2016.115533427086590Search in Google Scholar
Elnagar MH, Elshourbagy E, Ghobashy S, Khedr M, Kusnoto B, Evans CA. Three-dimensional assessment of soft tissue changes associated with bone-anchored maxillary protraction protocols. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017;152:336–47.ElnagarMHElshourbagyEGhobashySKhedrMKusnotoBEvansCA.Three-dimensional assessment of soft tissue changes associated with bone-anchored maxillary protraction protocols. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2017;152:336–47.10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.01.02228863914Search in Google Scholar
Elnagar MH, Elshourbagy E, Ghobashy S, Khedr M, Evans CA. Dentoalveolar and arch dimension changes in patients treated with miniplate-anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017;151:1092–106.ElnagarMHElshourbagyEGhobashySKhedrMEvansCA.Dentoalveolar and arch dimension changes in patients treated with miniplate-anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2017;151:1092–106.10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.10.03828554455Search in Google Scholar
Haas AJ. The treatment of maxillary deficiency by opening the midpalatal suture. Angle Orthod 1965;35:200–17.HaasAJ.The treatment of maxillary deficiency by opening the midpalatal suture. Angle Orthod1965;35:200–17.Search in Google Scholar
McNamara JJ. An orthopedic approach to the treatment of Class III malocclusion in young patients. J Clin Orthod 1987;21:598–608.McNamaraJJ.An orthopedic approach to the treatment of Class III malocclusion in young patients. J Clin Orthod1987;21:598–608.Search in Google Scholar
Bishara SE, Staley RN. Maxillary expansion: clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987;91:3–14.BisharaSEStaleyRN.Maxillary expansion: clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1987;91:3–14.10.1016/0889-5406(87)90202-23541577Search in Google Scholar
Turley P. Orthopedic correction of Class III malocclusion with palatal expansion and custom protraction headgear. J Clin Orthod 1988;22:314–25.TurleyP.Orthopedic correction of Class III malocclusion with palatal expansion and custom protraction headgear. J Clin Orthod1988;22:314–25.Search in Google Scholar
Sarver DM, Johnston MW. Skeletal changes in vertical and anterior displacement of the maxilla with bonded rapid palatal expansion appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;95:462–6.SarverDMJohnstonMW.Skeletal changes in vertical and anterior displacement of the maxilla with bonded rapid palatal expansion appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1989;95:462–6.10.1016/0889-5406(89)90409-52658544Search in Google Scholar
Williams MD, Sarver DM, Sadowsky PL, Bradley E. Combined rapid maxillary expansion and protraction facemask in the treatment of Class III malocclusions in growing children: a prospective long-term study. Semin Orthod 1997;3:265–74.WilliamsMDSarverDMSadowskyPLBradleyE.Combined rapid maxillary expansion and protraction facemask in the treatment of Class III malocclusions in growing children: a prospective long-term study. Semin Orthod1997;3:265–74.10.1016/S1073-8746(97)80059-X9573888Search in Google Scholar
Ngan PW, Hagg U, Yiu C, Wei SH. Treatment response and long-term dentofacial adaptations to maxillary expansion and protraction. Semin Orthod 1997;3:255–64.NganPWHaggUYiuCWeiSH.Treatment response and long-term dentofacial adaptations to maxillary expansion and protraction. Semin Orthod1997;3:255–64.10.1016/S1073-8746(97)80058-89573887Search in Google Scholar
Jäger A, Braumann B, Kim C, Wahner S. Skeletal and dental effects of maxillary protraction in patients with Angle Class III malocclusion a meta-analysis. J Orofac 2001;62:275–84.JägerABraumannBKimCWahnerS.Skeletal and dental effects of maxillary protraction in patients with Angle Class III malocclusion a meta-analysis. J Orofac2001;62:275–84.10.1007/PL00001935Search in Google Scholar
Gautam P, Valiathan A, Adhikari R. Skeletal response to maxillary protraction with and without maxillary expansion: a finite element study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;135:723–8.GautamPValiathanAAdhikariR.Skeletal response to maxillary protraction with and without maxillary expansion: a finite element study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2009;135:723–8.10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.06.01619524831Search in Google Scholar
Chen F, Terada K, Yang L, Saito I. Dental arch widths and mandibular-maxillary base widths in Class III malocclusions from ages 10 to 14. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008;133:65–9.ChenFTeradaKYangLSaitoI.Dental arch widths and mandibular-maxillary base widths in Class III malocclusions from ages 10 to 14. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2008;133:65–9.10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.01.04518174073Search in Google Scholar
Liou EJ-W, Tsai W-C. A new protocol for maxillary protraction in cleft patients: repetitive weekly protocol of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2005;42:121–7.LiouEJ-WTsaiW-C.A new protocol for maxillary protraction in cleft patients: repetitive weekly protocol of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions. Cleft Palate Craniofac J2005;42:121–7.10.1597/03-107.115748102Search in Google Scholar
Masucci C, Franchi L, Giuntini V, Defraia E. Short-term effects of a modified A lt-RAMEC protocol for early treatment of C lass III malocclusion: a controlled study. Orthod Craniofac Res 2014;17:259–69.MasucciCFranchiLGiuntiniVDefraiaE.Short-term effects of a modified A lt-RAMEC protocol for early treatment of C lass III malocclusion: a controlled study. Orthod Craniofac Res2014;17:259–69.10.1111/ocr.1205125041370Search in Google Scholar
Liu W, Zhou Y, Wang X, Liu D, Zhou S. Effect of maxillary protraction with alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction vs expansion alone in maxillary retrusive patients: a single-center, randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015;148:641–51.LiuWZhouYWangXLiuDZhouS.Effect of maxillary protraction with alternating rapid palatal expansion and constriction vs expansion alone in maxillary retrusive patients: a single-center, randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2015;148:641–51.10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.03826432320Search in Google Scholar
Vaughn GA, Mason B, Moon H-B, Turley PK. The effects of maxillary protraction therapy with or without rapid palatal expansion: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005;128:299–309.VaughnGAMasonBMoonH-BTurleyPKThe effects of maxillary protraction therapy with or without rapid palatal expansion: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2005;128:299–309.10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.04.03016168327Search in Google Scholar
Yu HS, Baik HS, Sung SJ, Kim KD, Cho YS. Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of maxillary protraction with and without rapid palatal expansion. Eur J Orthod 2007;29:118–25.YuHSBaikHSSungSJKimKDChoYS.Three-dimensional finite-element analysis of maxillary protraction with and without rapid palatal expansion. Eur J Orthod2007;29:118–25.10.1093/ejo/cjl05717218719Search in Google Scholar
Tortop T, Keykubat A, Yuksel S. Facemask therapy with and without expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007;132:467–74.TortopTKeykubatAYukselS.Facemask therapy with and without expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2007;132:467–74.10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.09.04717920499Search in Google Scholar
Nguyen T, Cevidanes L, Cornelis MA, Heymann G, de Paula LK, De Clerck H. Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;140:790–8.NguyenTCevidanesLCornelisMAHeymannGde PaulaLKDe ClerckH. Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2011;140:790–8.10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.04.025373434222133943Search in Google Scholar
Macdonald KE, Kapust AJ, Turley PK. Cephalometric changes after the correction of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion/facemask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;116:13–24.MacdonaldKEKapustAJTurleyPK.Cephalometric changes after the correction of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion/facemask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1999;116:13–24.10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70298-210393575Search in Google Scholar
Hägg U, Tse A, Bendeus M, Rabie ABM. Long-term follow-up of early treatment with reverse headgear. Eur J Orthod 2003;25:95–102.HäggUTseABendeusMRabieABM.Long-term follow-up of early treatment with reverse headgear. Eur J Orthod2003;25:95–102.10.1093/ejo/25.1.9512608729Search in Google Scholar
Westwood PV, McNamara JA Jr, Baccetti T, Franchi L, Sarver DM. Long-term effects of Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:306–20.WestwoodPVMcNamaraJAJrBaccettiTFranchiLSarverDM.Long-term effects of Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2003;123:306–20.10.1067/mod.2003.4412637903Search in Google Scholar
Baccetti T, Franchi L, McNamara JA Jr. Cephalometric variables predicting the long-term success or failure of combined rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;126:16–22.BaccettiTFranchiLMcNamaraJAJr. Cephalometric variables predicting the long-term success or failure of combined rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2004;126:16–22.10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.06.01015224054Search in Google Scholar
Wells AP, Sarver DM, Proffit WR. Long-term efficacy of reverse pull headgear therapy. Angle Orthod 2006;76:915–22.WellsAPSarverDMProffitWR.Long-term efficacy of reverse pull headgear therapy. Angle Orthod2006;76:915–22.10.2319/091605-32817090164Search in Google Scholar
Mandall N, DiBiase A, Littlewood S, Nute S, Stivaros N, McDowall R, et al. Is early class III protraction facemask treatment effective? A multicentre, randomized, controlled trial: 15‐month follow-up. J Orthod 2010;37:149–61.MandallNDiBiaseALittlewoodSNuteSStivarosNMcDowallRet al.Is early class III protraction facemask treatment effective? A multicentre, randomized, controlled trial: 15‐month follow-up. J Orthod2010;37:149–61.10.1179/1465312104305620805344Search in Google Scholar
Mandall N, Cousley R, DiBiase A, Dyer F, Littlewood S, Mattick R, et al. Is early class III protraction facemask treatment effective? A multicentre, randomized, controlled trial: 3-year follow-up. J Orthod 2012;39:176–85.MandallNCousleyRDiBiaseADyerFLittlewoodSMattickRet al.Is early class III protraction facemask treatment effective? A multicentre, randomized, controlled trial: 3-year follow-up. J Orthod2012;39:176–85.10.1179/1465312512Z.0000000002822984102Search in Google Scholar
Mandall N, Cousley R, DiBiase A, Dyer F, Littlewood S, Mattick R, et al. Early class III protraction facemask treatment reduces the need for orthognathic surgery: a multi-centre, two-arm parallel randomized, controlled trial. J Orthod 2016;43:164–75.MandallNCousleyRDiBiaseADyerFLittlewoodSMattickRet al.Early class III protraction facemask treatment reduces the need for orthognathic surgery: a multi-centre, two-arm parallel randomized, controlled trial. J Orthod2016;43:164–75.10.1080/14653125.2016.1201302506205227564126Search in Google Scholar
Woon SC, Thiruvenkatachari B. Early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017;151:28–52.WoonSCThiruvenkatachariB.Early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2017;151:28–52.10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.07.01728024779Search in Google Scholar
Le NH, Goonewardene M, Duigou C, Bharat C. The long-term efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy in Class III malocclusion. Aust Orthod J 2020;36:26–37.LeNHGoonewardeneMDuigouCBharatC.The long-term efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy in Class III malocclusion. Aust Orthod J2020;36:26–37.10.21307/aoj-2020-004Search in Google Scholar
Lee S-H, Koh S-D, Chung D-H, Lee J-W, Lee S-M. Comparison of skeletal anchorage and tooth-borne maxillary protraction followed by fixed appliance in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod 2020;42:193–9.LeeS-HKohS-DChungD-HLeeJ-WLeeS-MComparison of skeletal anchorage and tooth-borne maxillary protraction followed by fixed appliance in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod2020;42:193–9.10.1093/ejo/cjz08631750516Search in Google Scholar
Cha K-S. Skeletal changes of maxillary protraction in patients exhibiting skeletal class III malocclusion: a comparison of three skeletal maturation groups. Angle Orthod 2003;73:26–35.ChaK-S.Skeletal changes of maxillary protraction in patients exhibiting skeletal class III malocclusion: a comparison of three skeletal maturation groups. Angle Orthod2003;73:26–35.Search in Google Scholar
Merwin D, Ngan P, Hagg U, Yiu C, Wei SH. Timing for effective application of anteriorly directed orthopedic force to the maxilla. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997;112:292–9.MerwinDNganPHaggUYiuCWeiSH.Timing for effective application of anteriorly directed orthopedic force to the maxilla. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1997;112:292–9.10.1016/S0889-5406(97)70259-29294359Search in Google Scholar
Persson M, Thilander B. Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age. Am J Orthod 1977;72:42–52.PerssonMThilanderB.Palatal suture closure in man from 15 to 35 years of age. Am J Orthod1977;72:42–52.10.1016/0002-9416(77)90123-3267435Search in Google Scholar
Melsen B, Melsen F. The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material. Am J Orthod 1982;82:329–42.MelsenBMelsenF.The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material. Am J Orthod1982;82:329–42.10.1016/0002-9416(82)90467-56961805Search in Google Scholar
Ngan P, Hägg U, Yiu C, Merwin D, Wei SH. Soft tissue and dentoskeletal profile changes associated with maxillary expansion and protraction headgear treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1996;109:38–49.NganPHäggUYiuCMerwinDWeiSH.Soft tissue and dentoskeletal profile changes associated with maxillary expansion and protraction headgear treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1996;109:38–49.10.1016/S0889-5406(96)70161-08540481Search in Google Scholar
Nartallo-Turley PE, Turley PK. Cephalometric effects of combined palatal expansion and facemask therapy on Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod 1998;68:217–24.Nartallo-TurleyPETurleyPK.Cephalometric effects of combined palatal expansion and facemask therapy on Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod1998;68:217–24.Search in Google Scholar
Kapust AJ, Sinclair PM, Turley PK. Cephalometric effects of face mask/expansion therapy in Class III children: a comparison of three age groups. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;113:204–12.KapustAJSinclairPMTurleyPK.Cephalometric effects of face mask/expansion therapy in Class III children: a comparison of three age groups. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1998;113:204–12.10.1016/S0889-5406(98)70141-69484212Search in Google Scholar
Odman J, Gröndahl K, Lekholm U, Thilander B. The effect of osseointegrated implants on the dento-alveolar development. A clinical and radiographic study in growing pigs. Eur J Orthod 1991;13:279–86.OdmanJGröndahlKLekholmUThilanderB.The effect of osseointegrated implants on the dento-alveolar development. A clinical and radiographic study in growing pigs. Eur J Orthod1991;13:279–86.10.1093/ejo/13.4.2791915616Search in Google Scholar
Thilander B, Ödman J, Gröndahl K, Lekholm U. Aspects on osseointegrated implants inserted in growing jaws. A biometric and radiographic study in the young pig. Eur J Orthod 1992;14:99–109.ThilanderBÖdmanJGröndahlKLekholmU.Aspects on osseointegrated implants inserted in growing jaws. A biometric and radiographic study in the young pig. Eur J Orthod1992;14:99–109.10.1093/ejo/14.2.991582464Search in Google Scholar
Thilander B, Ödman J, Gröteborg K, Friberg B. Osseointegrated implants in adolescents. An alternative in replacing missing teeth ? Eur J Orthod 1994;16:84–95.ThilanderBÖdmanJGröteborgKFribergB.Osseointegrated implants in adolescents. An alternative in replacing missing teeth ?Eur J Orthod1994;16:84–95.10.1093/ejo/16.2.848005203Search in Google Scholar
Bergendal B, Bergendal T, Hallonsten A, Koch G, Kurol J, Kvint S, et al. A multidisciplinary approach to oral rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants in children and adolescents with multiple aplasia. Eur J Orthod 1996;18:119–29.BergendalBBergendalTHallonstenAKochGKurolJKvintSet al.A multidisciplinary approach to oral rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants in children and adolescents with multiple aplasia. Eur J Orthod1996;18:119–29.10.1093/ejo/18.1.119Search in Google Scholar
Masucci C, Franchi L, Defraia E, Mucedero M, Cozza P, Baccetti T. Stability of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy: a long-term controlled study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;140:493–500.MasucciCFranchiLDefraiaEMucederoMCozzaPBaccettiT.Stability of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy: a long-term controlled study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2011;140:493–500.10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.09.03121967936Search in Google Scholar
