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Mitigating landfill gas emissions: the effectiveness of HDPE covers in reducing atmospheric concentrations of H2S, NH3, and PM10

Luka Traven

Luka Traven

  • University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental MedicineRijeka, Croatia
  • Teaching Institute of Public HealthRijeka, Croatia
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Traven, Luka
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Željko Linšak

Željko Linšak

  • University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental MedicineRijeka, Croatia
  • Teaching Institute of Public HealthRijeka, Croatia
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Linšak, Željko
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Goran Crvelin

Goran Crvelin

Teaching Institute of Public HealthRijeka, Croatia
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Crvelin, Goran
  
29. Dez. 2024
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Artikel-Kategorie: Original article
Online veröffentlicht: 29. Dez. 2024
Seitenbereich: 259 - 269
Eingereicht: 01. Okt. 2024
Akzeptiert: 01. Nov. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3912
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© 2024 Luka Traven et al., published by Sciendo
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Figure 1

Material flow of residual waste in the mechanical-biological treatment plant at the WMC Marišćina, Croatia; I – import flow; E – export flow
Material flow of residual waste in the mechanical-biological treatment plant at the WMC Marišćina, Croatia; I – import flow; E – export flow

Figure 2

Active venting system schematic at the HDPE cover WMC Marišćina landfill. W1 – gas well 1; W2 – gas well 2
Active venting system schematic at the HDPE cover WMC Marišćina landfill. W1 – gas well 1; W2 – gas well 2

Figure 3

Locations of the WMC Marišćina, monitoring station, and the local asphalt plant (red star)
Locations of the WMC Marišćina, monitoring station, and the local asphalt plant (red star)

Figure 4

Time-trends of 24-hour averaged concentrations of H2S, NH3, and PM10 in 2018 (blue) and 2021 (orange). Peak air quality values are indicated by red (2018) and green (2021) crosses
Time-trends of 24-hour averaged concentrations of H2S, NH3, and PM10 in 2018 (blue) and 2021 (orange). Peak air quality values are indicated by red (2018) and green (2021) crosses

Figure 5

Linear trends in H2S, NH3, and PM10 concentrations (red line) measured near the WMC Marišćina with individual data points plotted separately for each year (blue crosses)
Linear trends in H2S, NH3, and PM10 concentrations (red line) measured near the WMC Marišćina with individual data points plotted separately for each year (blue crosses)

Figure 6

Distribution of H2S, NH3, and PM10 24-hour averaged levels near the WMC Marišćina and their kernel density estimates
Distribution of H2S, NH3, and PM10 24-hour averaged levels near the WMC Marišćina and their kernel density estimates

Figure 7

Comparison of 2018 and 2021 H2S, NH3, and PM10 levels measured near the WMC Marišćina. The central line within each box represents medians, while the edges of the box indicate the interquartile range (IQR). Whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times of the IQR, and any outliers are plotted as individual points
Comparison of 2018 and 2021 H2S, NH3, and PM10 levels measured near the WMC Marišćina. The central line within each box represents medians, while the edges of the box indicate the interquartile range (IQR). Whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times of the IQR, and any outliers are plotted as individual points

Figure 8

Changes in H2S, NH3, and PM10 measured near the WMC Marišćina from 2018 to 2021
Changes in H2S, NH3, and PM10 measured near the WMC Marišćina from 2018 to 2021

Figure 9

Spearman’s rank correlation matrix illustrating the relationships between H2S, NH3, and PM10 levels measured in ambient air near the WMC Marišćina for the years 2018 and 2021. The colour scale represents the strength and direction of the correlations, with values ranging from -1 (perfect negative correlation) to 1 (perfect positive correlation)
Spearman’s rank correlation matrix illustrating the relationships between H2S, NH3, and PM10 levels measured in ambient air near the WMC Marišćina for the years 2018 and 2021. The colour scale represents the strength and direction of the correlations, with values ranging from -1 (perfect negative correlation) to 1 (perfect positive correlation)

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), and particulate matter (PM10) concentrations near the Marišćina Waste Management Centre in 2018 and 2021 by season

Year Season Count Mean SD Min Q1 Median Q3 Max
H2S (mg/m3)
2018 Autumn 91 1.33 1.36 0.20 0.55 0.90 1.50 9.70
Spring 92 0.83 0.28 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.70
Summer 92 0.67 0.28 0.30 0.48 0.60 0.80 1.50
Winter 90 1.32 1.27 0.20 0.70 0.90 1.18 7.10
2021 Autumn 91 0.58 0.19 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.70 1.40
Spring 92 0.64 0.19 0.20 0.50 0.60 0.80 1.10
Summer 92 0.70 0.19 0.30 0.60 0.70 0.80 1.10
Winter 90 0.70 0.43 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 2.50
NH3 (mg/m3)
2018 Autumn 91 1.77 0.83 0.30 1.15 1.60 2.25 4.10
Spring 92 1.46 0.69 0.30 1.00 1.30 1.80 3.60
Summer 92 1.55 0.91 0.10 0.90 1.45 2.10 4.30
Winter 90 1.65 0.95 0.30 0.90 1.50 2.20 4.40
2021 Autumn 91 1.71 0.59 0.70 1.30 1.50 1.90 4.30
Spring 92 2.31 0.92 0.90 1.70 2.07 2.70 5.40
Summer 92 1.88 0.73 0.40 1.30 1.80 2.40 3.60
Winter 90 1.85 0.74 0.70 1.40 1.70 2.18 4.30
PM10 (mg/m3)
2018 Autumn 91 20.15 7.08 8.00 14.57 19.16 24.51 40.30
Spring 92 22.06 12.17 7.10 15.55 19.60 25.90 108.60
Summer 92 18.40 6.13 8.16 14.01 17.64 21.68 35.80
Winter 90 20.43 8.60 5.70 14.11 18.23 26.48 48.40
2021 Autumn 91 16.09 8.69 3.50 9.60 15.00 21.40 54.20
Spring 92 12.05 7.60 2.50 7.05 9.95 13.85 39.20
Summer 92 15.73 10.85 2.40 9.88 13.45 17.80 79.80
Winter 90 17.62 14.06 3.30 8.53 14.05 22.03 83.80
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