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Effects of naringin and valproate interaction on liver steatosis and dyslipidaemia parameters in male C57BL6 mice

David Jutrić

David Jutrić

  • University of Zagreb Faculty of ScienceZagreb, Croatia
  • Clinical Hospital DubravaZagreb, Croatia
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Jutrić, David
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Domagoj Đikić

Domagoj Đikić

University of Zagreb Faculty of ScienceZagreb, Croatia
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Đikić, Domagoj
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Almoš Boroš

Almoš Boroš

University of Zagreb Faculty of ScienceZagreb, Croatia
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Boroš, Almoš
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Dyna Odeh

Dyna Odeh

University of Zagreb Faculty of ScienceZagreb, Croatia
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Odeh, Dyna
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Sandra Domjanić Drozdek

Sandra Domjanić Drozdek

University of Applied Health SciencesZagreb, Croatia
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Drozdek, Sandra Domjanić
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Romana Gračan

Romana Gračan

University of Zagreb Faculty of ScienceZagreb, Croatia
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Gračan, Romana
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Petar Dragičević

Petar Dragičević

University of Zagreb School of MedicineZagreb, Croatia
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Dragičević, Petar
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Irena Crnić

Irena Crnić

University of Zagreb Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyZagreb, Croatia
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Crnić, Irena
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Irena Landeka Jurčević

Irena Landeka Jurčević

University of Zagreb Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyZagreb, Croatia
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Jurčević, Irena Landeka
  
07. Apr. 2022
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Artikel-Kategorie: Original article
Online veröffentlicht: 07. Apr. 2022
Seitenbereich: 71 - 82
Eingereicht: 01. Okt. 2021
Akzeptiert: 01. Feb. 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3608
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© 2022 David Jutrić, Domagoj Đikić, Almoš Boroš, Dyna Odeh, Sandra Domjanić Drozdek, Romana Gračan, Petar Dragičević, Irena Crnić, Irena Landeka Jurčević, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Serum lipids and lipoproteins in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups
Serum lipids and lipoproteins in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups

Figure 2

Lipid steatosis stained with Oil Red in the liver of control mice (A) and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate (B), 25 mg/ kg bw naringin (C), and their combination (D) for 10 days
Lipid steatosis stained with Oil Red in the liver of control mice (A) and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate (B), 25 mg/ kg bw naringin (C), and their combination (D) for 10 days

Figure 3

Liver lipid metabolism regulators in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups
Liver lipid metabolism regulators in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups

Figure 4

Liver tissue oxidative stress parameters in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups. MDA – malondialdehyde
Liver tissue oxidative stress parameters in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups. MDA – malondialdehyde

Figure 5

Liver tissue antioxidants in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups. SOD – total superoxide dismutase activity; CAT – catalase activity; GSH – reduced glutathione
Liver tissue antioxidants in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. The numbers above bars represent statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between specific groups. SOD – total superoxide dismutase activity; CAT – catalase activity; GSH – reduced glutathione

Figure 6

Transcription factor Nrf2 in the liver of control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. No significant differences were observed between the groups
Transcription factor Nrf2 in the liver of control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days. No significant differences were observed between the groups

Serum biochemistry parameters in control mice and mice treated with daily doses of 150 mg/kg bw valproate, 25 mg/kg bw naringin, and their combination for 10 days

Parameter Control Valproate Naringin Valproate+Naringin
Glucose (mmol/L)
Mean ± SD 5.9±0.9 12.7±1.4a 14.0±4.2a,b 17.8±1.5b
Median 5.8 12.6 13.4 16.3
Range 5.0–7.2 11.5–14.3 9.8–19.3 9.8–19.9
Amylase activity (U/L)
Mean ± SD 365.3±110.6 555.0±520.4a 371.8±23.8 455.8±102.4b
Median 331.0 355.0 373.5 459.0
Range 273.0–526.0 184.0–1326.0 342.0–398.0 356.0–549.0
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (U/L)
Mean ± SD 264.8±29.2 316.4±40.3a 382.0±97.8a 498.5±324.2a
Median 257.0 331.0 392.0 531.5
Range 240.0–305.0 250.0–348.0 263.0–518.0 122.0–809.0
Creatinine (mg/L)
Mean ± SD 22.8±3.3 31.3±7.8a 27.5±10.5 42.8±3.6b
Median 22.5 29.0 25.0 43.0
Range 19.0–27.0 25.0–42.0 18.0–42.0 24.0–56.0
Bound urea nitrogen (BUN) (mmol/L)
Mean ± SD 6.0±1.3 10.2±7.6a 6.9±1.1 10.0±3.4a
Median 5.7 8.5 7.0 8.5
Range 4.8–7.7 3.0–21.0 5.4–8.0 7.9–15.0
Bilirubin (μmol/L)
Mean ± SD 5.3±0.2 5.6±0.4 5.1±0.2 5.1±0.2
Median 5.3 5.8 5.0 5.1
Range 5.0–5.5 5.1–5.9 5.0–5.4 5.0–5.4
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (U/L)
Mean ± SD 46.3±6.3 44.5±3.1 32.0±14.1 42.0±2.2
Median 47.3 45.5 38.5 41.5
Range 40.0–55.0 40.0–47.0 11.0–40.0 40.0–45.0
Total proteins (mg/L)
Mean ± SD 37.3±5.0 34.5±10.2 40.5±5.9 38.1±0.9
Median 37.5 37.5 40.0 38.0
Range 32.0–42.0 20.0–43.0 37.0–49.0 37.0–39.0
Albumin (mg/L)
Mean ± SD 27.0±2.4 34.3±6.5 36.0±5.0 31.0±0.8
Median 26.5 36.0 36.0 30.0
Range 25.0–30.0 25.0–40.0 30.0–42.0 29.0–33.0
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