This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Baker JG, Hill SJ, Summera RJ. Evolution of β-blocker from anti-anginal drugs to ligand-directed signalling. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2011;32(4):227–234.BakerJGHillSJSummeraRJEvolution of β-blocker from anti-anginal drugs to ligand-directed signallingTrends Pharmacol Sci2011324227234Search in Google Scholar
Tobe SW. β-adrenergic receptor blockers in hypertension. Can J Cardiol. 2014;30(5):S1–S2.TobeSWβ-adrenergic receptor blockers in hypertensionCan J Cardiol2014305S1S2Search in Google Scholar
Akbar S, Alorainy MS. The current status of beta blockers’ use in the management of hypertension. Saudi Med J. 2014;35(11):1307–1317.AkbarSAlorainyMSThe current status of beta blockers’ use in the management of hypertensionSaudi Med J2014351113071317Search in Google Scholar
Zicha S, Tsuji Y, Shiroshita-Takeshita A, Nattel S. Beta-blockers as antiarrhythmic agents. In: Kass RS, Clancy CE, eds. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology Vol. 171. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2006.ZichaSTsujiYShiroshita-TakeshitaANattelSBeta-blockers as antiarrhythmic agentsIn:KassRSClancyCEeds.Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology171HeidelbergSpringer-Verlag2006Search in Google Scholar
Cruickshank JM. Beta-blockers and heart failure. Indian Heart J. 2010;62(2):101–110.CruickshankJMBeta-blockers and heart failureIndian Heart J2010622101110Search in Google Scholar
Tsujimoto T, Kajio H. Beta-blocker use and cardiovascular event risk in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fiction. Sci Rep. 2018;8:9556.TsujimotoTKajioHBeta-blocker use and cardiovascular event risk in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fictionSci Rep201889556Search in Google Scholar
Fumagalli C, Maurizi N, Marchionni N, Fornasari D. β-Blockers: Their new life from hypertension to cancer and migraine. Pharmacol Res. 2020;151:1045287.FumagalliCMauriziNMarchionniNFornasariDβ-Blockers: Their new life from hypertension to cancer and migrainePharmacol Res20201511045287Search in Google Scholar
Brogden RN, Heel RC, Speight TM, Avery GS. Metoprolol: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in hypertension and angina pectoris. Drugs. 1977;14(5):321–48.BrogdenRNHeelRCSpeightTMAveryGSMetoprolol: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in hypertension and angina pectorisDrugs197714532148Search in Google Scholar
Kukin ML, Mannino MM, Freudenberger RS, Kalman J, Buchholz-Varley C, Ocampo O. Hemodynamic comparison of twice daily metoprolol tartrate with once daily metoprolol succinate in congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35(1):45–50.KukinMLManninoMMFreudenbergerRSKalmanJBuchholz-VarleyCOcampoOHemodynamic comparison of twice daily metoprolol tartrate with once daily metoprolol succinate in congestive heart failureJ Am Coll Cardiol20003514550Search in Google Scholar
Fröhlich H, Zhao J, Täger T, Cebola R, Schellberg D, Katus HA, Grundtvig M, Hole T, Atar D, Agewall S, Frankenstein L. Carvedilol compared with metoprolol succinate in the treatment and prognosis of patients with stable chronic heart failure: carvedilol or metoprolol evaluation study. Circ Heart Fail. 2015;8(5):887–896.FröhlichHZhaoJTägerTCebolaRSchellbergDKatusHAGrundtvigMHoleTAtarDAgewallSFrankensteinLCarvedilol compared with metoprolol succinate in the treatment and prognosis of patients with stable chronic heart failure: carvedilol or metoprolol evaluation studyCirc Heart Fail201585887896Search in Google Scholar
Clemente-Moragón A, Martínez-Milla J, Oliver E, Santos A, Flandes J, Fernández I, Rodríguez-González L, Serrano del Castillo Ch, Ioan AM, López-Álvarez M, Gómez-Talavera S, Galán-Arriola C, Fuster V, Pérez-Calvo C, Ibáñez B. Metoprolol in critically ill patients with COVID-19. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(10):1001–1010.Clemente-MoragónAMartínez-MillaJOliverESantosAFlandesJFernándezIRodríguez-GonzálezLSerrano del CastilloChIoanAMLópez-ÁlvarezMGómez-TalaveraSGalán-ArriolaCFusterVPérez-CalvoCIbáñezBMetoprolol in critically ill patients with COVID-19J Am Coll Cardiol2021781010011010Search in Google Scholar
de Groote P, Ennezat PV, Mouquet F. Bisoprolol in the treatment of chronic heart failure. Health Risk Manag. 2007;3(4):431–439.de GrootePEnnezatPVMouquetFBisoprolol in the treatment of chronic heart failureHealth Risk Manag200734431439Search in Google Scholar
Yasui T, Toru Oka T, Shioyama W, Oboshi M, Fujita M. Bisoprolol transdermal patch treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation after noncardiac surgery: A single-center retrospective study of 61 patients. SAGE Open Medicine. 2020;8: 2050312120907817.YasuiTToru OkaTShioyamaWOboshiMFujitaMBisoprolol transdermal patch treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation after noncardiac surgery: A single-center retrospective study of 61 patientsSAGE Open Medicine202082050312120907817Search in Google Scholar
Li Y, Jung NY, Yoo JC, Kim Y, Yi GS. Acebutolol, a cardioselective beta blocker, promotes glucose uptake in diabetic model cells by inhibiting JNK-JIP1 interaction. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2018;26(5):458–463.LiYJungNYYooJCKimYYiGSAcebutolol, a cardioselective beta blocker, promotes glucose uptake in diabetic model cells by inhibiting JNK-JIP1 interactionBiomol Ther (Seoul)2018265458463Search in Google Scholar
Baderkhan H, Wanhainen A, Stenborg A, Stattin EL, Björck M. Celiprolol treatment in patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2021;61(2):326–331.BaderkhanHWanhainenAStenborgAStattinELBjörckMCeliprolol treatment in patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndromeEur J Vasc Endovasc Surg2021612326331Search in Google Scholar
Barton AL, Moffet BS, Valdes SO, Miyake C, Kim JJ. Efficacy and safety of high-dose propranolol for the management of infant supraventricular tachyarrythmias. J Pediatr. 2015;166(1):115–118.BartonALMoffetBSValdesSOMiyakeCKimJJEfficacy and safety of high-dose propranolol for the management of infant supraventricular tachyarrythmiasJ Pediatr20151661115118Search in Google Scholar
Bolin EH, Lang SM, Tang X, Collins RT. Propranolol versus digoxin in the neonate for supraventricular tachycardia (from the Pediatric Health Information System). Am J Cardiol. 2017;119(10):1605–1610.BolinEHLangSMTangXCollinsRTPropranolol versus digoxin in the neonate for supraventricular tachycardia (from the Pediatric Health Information System)Am J Cardiol20171191016051610Search in Google Scholar
Čižmáriková R, Valentová J, Némethy A. Propranolol as chiral agent. In: Propranolol: Medical uses, mechanisms of action and potential adverse effects. New York: Nova Science Publ.; 2015.ČižmárikováRValentováJNémethyAPropranolol as chiral agentIn:Propranolol: Medical uses, mechanisms of action and potential adverse effectsNew YorkNova Science Publ.2015Search in Google Scholar
Čižmáriková R, Chudáčiková S, Valentová J, Némethy A. Synthesis and enantioseparation of derivatives of propranolol. Acta Fac Pharm Univ Comen. 2012;59:5–13.ČižmárikováRChudáčikováSValentováJNémethyASynthesis and enantioseparation of derivatives of propranololActa Fac Pharm Univ Comen201259513Search in Google Scholar
Čižmáriková R, Habala L, Markuliak M, Valentová J. Survey of pharmacological activity and pharmacokinetics of selected β-adrenergic blockers in regard to their stereochemistry. Appl Sci. 2019;9:625.ČižmárikováRHabalaLMarkuliakMValentováJSurvey of pharmacological activity and pharmacokinetics of selected β-adrenergic blockers in regard to their stereochemistryAppl Sci20199625Search in Google Scholar
Lee SB, Mai XL, Le TAT, Nguyen TNV, Kang JS, Mar W, Kim KH. Determination of nadolol enantiomers in human plasma using a coupled achiral-chiral high-performance liquid chromatography method. Anal Sci Technol. 2020;33(2):59–67.LeeSBMaiXLLeTATNguyenTNVKangJSMarWKimKHDetermination of nadolol enantiomers in human plasma using a coupled achiral-chiral high-performance liquid chromatography methodAnal Sci Technol20203325967Search in Google Scholar
Ogasawara H, Yoshida A, Fujio N, Konno S, Ishiko S. [Effect of topical levobunolol on retinal, optic nerve head, and choroidal circulation in normal volunteers]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1999;103(7):544–550.OgasawaraHYoshidaAFujioNKonnoSIshikoS[Effect of topical levobunolol on retinal, optic nerve head, and choroidal circulation in normal volunteers]Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi19991037544550Search in Google Scholar
Ishibashi T, Yokoi N, Kinoshita S. Comparison of the effects of topical levobunolol and timolol solution on the human ocular surface. Cornea 2003;22(8):709–715.IshibashiTYokoiNKinoshitaSComparison of the effects of topical levobunolol and timolol solution on the human ocular surfaceCornea2003228709715Search in Google Scholar
Sponer G, Borbe HO, Muller-Beckmann B, Freud P, Jakob, B. Naftopidil, a new adrenoceptor blocking agent with Ca(2+)-antagonistic properties: interaction with adrenoceptors. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;20:1006–1013.SponerGBorbeHOMuller-BeckmannBFreudPJakobBNaftopidil, a new adrenoceptor blocking agent with Ca(2+)-antagonistic properties: interaction with adrenoceptorsJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol19922010061013Search in Google Scholar
Kirsten R, Breidert M, Nelson K, Heine A, Rosenkranz S, Erdeg B, Niebch G, Borbe HO, Siebert-Weigel M, Respondek J. Naftopidil inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced platelet aggregation and 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake in platelets of healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1994;46:271–274.KirstenRBreidertMNelsonKHeineARosenkranzSErdegBNiebchGBorbeHOSiebert-WeigelMRespondekJNaftopidil inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced platelet aggregation and 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake in platelets of healthy volunteersEur J Clin Pharmacol199446271274Search in Google Scholar
de Groot AA, Mathy MJ, van Zwieten PA, Peters SLM. Antioxidant activity of nebivolol in the rat aorta. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2004;43(1):148–153.de GrootAAMathyMJvan ZwietenPAPetersSLMAntioxidant activity of nebivolol in the rat aortaJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol2004431148153Search in Google Scholar
Gomes A, Costa D, Lima JL, Fernandes E. Antioxidant activity of β-blockers: an effect mediated by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species? Bioorg Med Chem. 2006;14(13):4568–4577.GomesACostaDLimaJLFernandesEAntioxidant activity of β-blockers: an effect mediated by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species?Bioorg Med Chem2006141345684577Search in Google Scholar
Wendi M, Book MD. Carvedilol a nonselective beta blocking agent with antioxidant properties. Heart Failure 2002;8(3):129–191.WendiMBookMDCarvedilol a nonselective beta blocking agent with antioxidant propertiesHeart Failure200283129191Search in Google Scholar
Kalíková K, Martínková M, Schmid MG, Tesařová E. Cellulose tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase for the enantioseparation of drugs in supercritical fluid chromatography: comparison with HPLC. J Sep Sci. 2018;41:1471–1478.KalíkováKMartínkováMSchmidMGTesařováECellulose tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase for the enantioseparation of drugs in supercritical fluid chromatography: comparison with HPLCJ Sep Sci20184114711478Search in Google Scholar
Li M, Jiang Z, Di X, Song Y. Enantiomeric separation of six beta-adrenergic blockers on Chiralpak IB column and identification of chiral recognition mechanisms by molecular docking technique. Biomed Chromatogr. 2020;34:e4803.LiMJiangZDiXSongYEnantiomeric separation of six beta-adrenergic blockers on Chiralpak IB column and identification of chiral recognition mechanisms by molecular docking techniqueBiomed Chromatogr202034e4803Search in Google Scholar
Yang Y, Wang Y, Bao Z, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q. Progress in the enantioseparation of β-blockers by chromatographic methods. Molecules 2021;26(2):468.YangYWangYBaoZYangQZhangZRenQProgress in the enantioseparation of β-blockers by chromatographic methodsMolecules2021262468Search in Google Scholar
Bruchatá K, Čižmáriková R, Hroboňová K, Lehotay J, Kyselová Z. Syntéza a štúdium enantioseparácie niektorých potenciálnych β-blokátorov aryloxyaminopropanolového typu metódou HPLC s použitím makrocyklických antibiotík ako chirálnych selektorov. Acta Fac Pharm Univ Comen. 2006;53:68–75.BruchatáKČižmárikováRHroboňováKLehotayJKyselováZSyntéza a štúdium enantioseparácie niektorých potenciálnych β-blokátorov aryloxyaminopropanolového typu metódou HPLC s použitím makrocyklických antibiotík ako chirálnych selektorovActa Fac Pharm Univ Comen2006536875Search in Google Scholar
Pocrnić M, Ansorge M, Dovhunová M, Habinovec I, Tesařová E, Galić N. Chiral separation of beta-blockers by HPLC and determination of bisoprolol enantiomers in surface waters. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2020;71:56–62.PocrnićMAnsorgeMDovhunováMHabinovecITesařováEGalićNChiral separation of beta-blockers by HPLC and determination of bisoprolol enantiomers in surface watersArh Hig Rada Toksikol2020715662Search in Google Scholar
Nazareth C, Pereira S. A review on chiral stationary phases for separation of chiral drugs. eIJPPR 2020;10(3):77–91.NazarethCPereiraSA review on chiral stationary phases for separation of chiral drugseIJPPR20201037791Search in Google Scholar
Srivastava S, Bhandari K, Shankar G, Singh HK, Saxena AK. Synthesis, anorexigenic activity and QSAR of substituted aryloxypropanolamines. Med Chem Res. 2004;3(8–9):631–642.SrivastavaSBhandariKShankarGSinghHKSaxenaAKSynthesis, anorexigenic activity and QSAR of substituted aryloxypropanolaminesMed Chem Res200438–9631642Search in Google Scholar
Fagerstroem A, Nilsson M, Isaksson R. New propranolol analogues: Binding and chiral discrimination by cellobiohydrolase Ce17A. Org Biomol Chem. 2006;4(16):3067–3076.FagerstroemANilssonMIsakssonRNew propranolol analogues: Binding and chiral discrimination by cellobiohydrolase Ce17AOrg Biomol Chem200641630673076Search in Google Scholar
Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Rad Biol Med. 1999;26(9):1231–1237.ReRPellegriniNProteggenteAPannalaAYangMRice-EvansCAntioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assayFree Rad Biol Med199926912311237Search in Google Scholar
Malík I, Stanzel L, Csöllei J, Čurillová J. The in vitro antioxidant properties of 2-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid derivatives containing a 4′-(substituted phenyl)piperazin-1′-yl moiety determined by the 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) derived radical cation (ABTS•+) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Indonesian J Pharm. 2017;28(1):1–9.MalíkIStanzelLCsölleiJČurillováJThe in vitro antioxidant properties of 2-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid derivatives containing a 4′-(substituted phenyl)piperazin-1′-yl moiety determined by the 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) derived radical cation (ABTS•+) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assaysIndonesian J Pharm201728119Search in Google Scholar
Čižmáriková R, Markuliak M, Habala L, Valentová J, Bilková A. Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiradical activity of (3-alkoxymethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-ones intermediates of biologically active compounds and activity comparison with 3-(alkoxymethyl)-4-(alkylamino-2-hydroxypropoxyphenyl) alkanones type of beta-blockers. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2020;67:34–44.ČižmárikováRMarkuliakMHabalaLValentováJBilkováASynthesis, antimicrobial and antiradical activity of (3-alkoxymethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-ones intermediates of biologically active compounds and activity comparison with 3-(alkoxymethyl)-4-(alkylamino-2-hydroxypropoxyphenyl) alkanones type of beta-blockersEur J Pharm Sci2020673444Search in Google Scholar
Čižmáriková R, Valentová J, Habala L, Konušová L. Synthesis, antioxidative activity and enantioseparation of aryloxyaminopropanols derived from 3-methylphenol – bevantolol, toliprolol and a pyrazolidine derivative (in slovak) Farm Obzor 2021;8–9:137–143.ČižmárikováRValentováJHabalaLKonušováLSynthesis, antioxidative activity and enantioseparation of aryloxyaminopropanols derived from 3-methylphenol – bevantolol, toliprolol and a pyrazolidine derivative (in slovak)Farm Obzor20218–9137143Search in Google Scholar