Eye tracking and virtual reality in the rehabilitation of mobility of hemianopia patients: a user experience study
, , , und | 01. Jan. 2020
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Online veröffentlicht: 01. Jan. 2020
Seitenbereich: 7 - 19
Eingereicht: 14. Feb. 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/vri-2020-002
Schlüsselwörter
© 2020 Birte Gestefeld et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Score and comments for the head mounted eye tracker for each criterion evaluated by patients and therapists.
| Criterion | Comments | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients | Therapists | |
| Usability in mobile situations and outside | Would be more comfortable without the cable (1) | Would be better to do the exercise with tablet (1) |
| Laptop carried in backpack (2) | ||
| Calibration can be difficult under varying luminance conditions(1) | ||
| Usability with glasses | Uncomfortable to wear with own pair of glasses (1) | Calibration can be difficult with glasses/lenses (2) |
| Improvement of feedback | Watching the eye movements to give feedback is a good addition to the performed exercises (1) | Watching the eye movements to give feedback is a good addition to the performed exercises (1) |
| Confirmation that the client is actually doing the scan rhythm (1) | ||
| Have not watched the recording, but expect it to be good material to reflect on exercise(1) | ||
| Easy to use/no disruption of regular procedure of therapy session | Eye cameras in the field of view, could be corrected (3) | Need practice to perform setup of device (1) |
| Eye cameras in the field of view, could be corrected (1) | ||
| Laptop cannot be closed; that would stop recording (1) | ||
| Battery of the laptop was empty before end of session (1) | ||
| In exercise 1 (calling out numbers presented on a large screen) it is not possible to watch eye movements and screen at the same time (1) | ||
Versions, setups and scenarios per exercise used in virtual reality.
| Exercise | Scenarios |
|---|---|
| Walking along a virtual hallway | 1: Empty hallway with open and closed doors |
| 2: Hallway with traffic cones | |
| 3: Hallway with more traffic cones than in scenario 2 | |
| 4: Hallway with traffic cones, windows and doors | |
| 5: Different obstacles, like plants, cupboards, bins, traffic cones | |
| 6: With people, other hallways on the side, windows and doors | |
| Crossing a road | 1: Without traffic or pedestrians |
| 2: With traffic and pedestrians | |
| Walking along a pavement | 1: with construction site |
Comments on criteria specifically to use the VR headset for crossing a street. The occupational therapist who tested this exercise did not make any comments.
| Criterion | Comments | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients | Controls | |
| Immersive and pleasant virtual environment | Did not feel as safe as when walking in the hallway: cars were too close to me (1) |
Adding sound would be helpful; horn before collision with car (1) |
Information on participants (individuals with hemianopia) in study 1.
| Category | Visual field | Age | Gender | Glasses/Lens | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beginner | Hemianopia on left side | 63 | M | OD: S +0.50 | OS: S +0.50 |
| Beginner | Hemianopia on left side | 20 | F | OD: S -0.5 | OS: S -1 |
| Intermediate | Hemianopia on left side | 70 | M | OD: S-6.25 | OS: S-5.25 |
| Intermediate | Hemianopia on right side | 41 | M | OD: S-4.25 | OS: S-4.50 |
| Intermediate | Hemianopia on right side | 65 | M | OD: S-2.75 | OS: SO |
| Advanced | Quadrantanopia upper left | 53 | M | OD:S+1.50 | OS: S +1.25 |
| Advanced | Hemianopia on right side | 52 | M | No glasses |
Score and comments on criteria that are specifically important to use the VR headset for walking along a virtual hallway.
| Criterion | Comments | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients | Controls | |
| Large range of mobility | Turning around a lot is irritating, would prefer to continue walking (2) | Range of mobility too short for this exercise (1) |
| Cables are in the way when turning therefore 1 have to remember which way to turn (2) | Cable in the setup make it harder to move in VR (1) | |
| Safety | Scenery going blank when turning leads to problems with balance (1) | Higher risk of injury than when exercise is done in actual hallway (1) |
Information for participants with hemianopia and normal-sighted controls in Study 2
| Visual field defect | Age | Gender | Glasses/Lenses |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hemianopia on right side | 46 | M | Multifocal, +1,2 |
| Hemianopia on right side | 70 | M | Multifocal, +0,8 |
| Hemianopia on right side, sparing at 20 degrees | 65 | M | Multifocal, +1 |
| Hemianopia on right side | 58 | M | Multifocal, +1.25 |
| Hemianopia on left side with sparing (intact vision in the foveal region of the visual field) | 56 | F | +0.8 |
| Bottom right quadrantanopia | 65 | F | Multifocal +1 |
| Intact | 65 | M | Glasses (no further specification) |
| Intact | 27 | M | Glasses (no further specification) |
| Intact | 30 | M | No glasses or lenses |
| Intact | 70 | F | Glasses (no further specification) |
Comments on criteria that are specifically important to use the VR headset for walking along a pavement.
| Criterion | Comments | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients | Controls | |
| Immersive and pleasant virtual environment | Scenery was a bit too crowded (1) | |
| Avoid motion sickness | Scenery stopped moving due to an error. This led to dizziness (1) | |
| Moving in VR | Range of movement too short (1) | |