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Morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemella esseri Chitwood, 1957 (Dorylaimida: Leptonchidae) from Florida, with the first molecular study of the genus

Sergio Álvarez-Ortega

Sergio Álvarez-Ortega

Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan CarlosMadrid, Spain
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Álvarez-Ortega, Sergio
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Sergei A. Subbotin

Sergei A. Subbotin

  • Plant Pest Diagnostic Centre, California Department of Food and AgricultureSacramento, CA
  • Centre of Parasitology of A.N Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow, Russia
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Subbotin, Sergei A.
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Renato N. Inserra

Renato N. Inserra

Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer ServicesGainesville, USA
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Inserra, Renato N.
  
01. Jan. 2021
Morphological and molecular characterization of Xiphinemella esseri Chitwood, 1957 (Dorylaimida: Leptonchidae) from Florida, with the first molecular study of the genus's Cover Image
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Online veröffentlicht: 01. Jan. 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-032
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© 2021 Authors, published by Sciendo.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Xiphinemella esseri (Chitwood, 1957) (light photomicrographs). A: Male, entire body; B: Female, entire body; C: Anterior region in dorso-ventral median view; D, F: Anterior region in lateral median view (F, arrow pointing on odontophore basal flanges); E: Lip region in surface lateral view; G: Lateral chord; H: Uterine egg; I: Pharyngeal expansion; J: Vagina; K: Anterior genital branch in part (showing the oviduct-uterus junction and uterus morphology); L: Spicule; M, O: Lateral guiding piece; N, P: Female caudal region; Q, R: Male caudal region. (Scale bars: A, B = 500 μm; C, D, F, G, I-K, N, P-R = 20 μm; E, L, M, O = 10 μm; H = 25 μm).
Xiphinemella esseri (Chitwood, 1957) (light photomicrographs). A: Male, entire body; B: Female, entire body; C: Anterior region in dorso-ventral median view; D, F: Anterior region in lateral median view (F, arrow pointing on odontophore basal flanges); E: Lip region in surface lateral view; G: Lateral chord; H: Uterine egg; I: Pharyngeal expansion; J: Vagina; K: Anterior genital branch in part (showing the oviduct-uterus junction and uterus morphology); L: Spicule; M, O: Lateral guiding piece; N, P: Female caudal region; Q, R: Male caudal region. (Scale bars: A, B = 500 μm; C, D, F, G, I-K, N, P-R = 20 μm; E, L, M, O = 10 μm; H = 25 μm).

Figure 2:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequence alignment under the GTR + I + G model. Posterior probability values more than 70% are given on appropriate clades. New sequences are indicated by bold letters.
Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene sequence alignment under the GTR + I + G model. Posterior probability values more than 70% are given on appropriate clades. New sequences are indicated by bold letters.

Figure 3:

Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the 18S rRNA gene sequence alignment under the GTR + I + G model. Posterior probability values more than 70% are given on appropriate clades. A new sequence is indicated by bold letters.
Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from the 18S rRNA gene sequence alignment under the GTR + I + G model. Posterior probability values more than 70% are given on appropriate clades. A new sequence is indicated by bold letters.

Morphometrics of Xiphinemella esseri Chitwood, 1957_

Population Florida, USA
Reference Present paper Chitwood (1957) De Bruin and Heyns (1991)
Character n 9♀♀ 7♂♂ ♀♀ ♂♂ 5♀♀ 4♂♂
L 2.82 ± 0.23 (2.47-3.32) 2.55 ± 0.26 (2.30-3.07) 2.4–3.5 2.2-3.0 3.10 (2.62-3.74) 3.17 (3.06-3.25)
a 53.2 ± 3.1 (50-59) 52.1 ± 6.4 (45-62) 40-43 35-45 47.1 (39.7-58.4) 53.2 (51.6-54.2)
b 8.6 (n = 1) 8.2 (n = 2) 11.4-14.0 7.6-11.0 10.3 (8.7-11.6) 10.8 (9.9-12.2)
c 117 ± 21 (100-158) 101 ± 5.5 (94-110) 93-130 77-120 137 (95-161) 124 (105-152)
c′ 0.7 ± 0.1 (0.6-0.8) 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.7-0.9) 0.8a 0.9a 0.6 (0.5-0.7) 0.85 (0.7-1.0)
V 47.3 ± 1.5 (45.4-49.7) – 42-47 – 46 (45-47) –
Lip region diam. 16.8 ± 0.4 (16.5-17.5) 16.6 ± 0.2 (16.5-17.0) 17a – 17.2 (17-18) 17 (16-18)
Odontostyle length 47.0 ± 1.0 (46-49) 46.3 ± 0.4 (46-47) 72-75b – 46 (42-50) 46 (45-48)
Odontophore length 35.0 ± 0.8 (34-36) 34.9 ± 1.0 (33-36) – – 33 (31-35) 34 (31-36)
Guiding ring from ant. end 36.3 ± 1.5 (34-39) 36.5 ± 1.0 (35-38) 35-38 – 36 (30-42) 37 (32-42)
Neck length 288 (n = 1) 288, 296 (n = 2) – – 300 (276-333) 296 (267-322)
Pharyngeal expansion length 84.0 ± 2.8 (81-87) 82.2 ± 1.9 (80-85) 75-85 – 84 (80-89) 80 (76-85)
Diam. at neck base 45.1 ± 2.8 (42-50) 44.6 ± 2.5 (42-48) – – – –
   at midbody 53.4 ± 4.8 (49-64) 50.0 ± 3.4 (46-55) – – – –
   at anus 34.0 ± 2.6 (32-39) 30.4 ± 1.2 (29-32) – – 39 (30-42) 31 (30-32)
Prerectum length 611, 683 (n = 2) 594 ± 142,3 (444-727) (n = 3) – – 557 (427-695) (n = 3) –
Rectum length 36.9 ± 6.0 (27-43) 45.1 ± 4.4 (40-52) – – 39 (36-42) –
Tail length 24.0 ± 4.0 (18-28) 25.2 ± 2.0 (23-28) – – 23 (20-30) 26 (21-31)
Spicule length – 42.6 ± 1.4 (41-45) – 40-45 – 34 (31-36)
Ventromedian supplements – 9 ± 0.6 (8-10) – – – 8-9
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