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Incidence of Oscheius onirici (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a potentially entomopathogenic nematode from the marshlands of Wisconsin, USA

Weimin Ye
Weimin Ye
, 
Shane Foye
Shane Foye
, 
Ann E. MacGuidwin
Ann E. MacGuidwin
 und 
Shawn Steffan
Shawn Steffan
   | 31. Mai 2018
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Article Category: research-article
Online veröffentlicht: 31. Mai 2018
Seitenbereich: 9 - 26
Akzeptiert: 19. Nov. 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-004
Schlüsselwörter
© 2018 Weimin Ye et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Oscheius onirici female. (A) Entire body. (B) Pharyngeal region. (C) Lateral view of vulva region and lateral field. (D) Schematic representation of En-face view of lip region. (E) Lateral view of tail region.
Oscheius onirici female. (A) Entire body. (B) Pharyngeal region. (C) Lateral view of vulva region and lateral field. (D) Schematic representation of En-face view of lip region. (E) Lateral view of tail region.

Figure 2

Photographs of Oscheius onirici female. (A) Entire body (arrow showing vulva). (B) Pharyngeal region (arrow showing excretory pore). (C) Head region. (D, E) Lateral view of vulva region (arrow showing vulva). (F) Lateral view of tail region (arrow showing anus). (G) Basal bulb (arrow showing excretory pore).
Photographs of Oscheius onirici female. (A) Entire body (arrow showing vulva). (B) Pharyngeal region (arrow showing excretory pore). (C) Head region. (D, E) Lateral view of vulva region (arrow showing vulva). (F) Lateral view of tail region (arrow showing anus). (G) Basal bulb (arrow showing excretory pore).

Figure 3

Scanning electron microscope photographs of Oscheius onirici female. (A) Lip region en-face view showing one amphideal aperture (am), six labial sensilla (ls) and two cephalic sensilla (cs). (B) Excrotory pore. (C) Ventral view of vulva. (D) Lateral lines. (E) Entire body lateral view (arrow showing vulva). (F) Esophageal region (arrow showing excretory pore). (G) Lateral field showing lateral lines. (H) Tail region ventral view (Top arrow showing four bacteria, middle arrow showing anus, two bottom arrows showing phasmids).
Scanning electron microscope photographs of Oscheius onirici female. (A) Lip region en-face view showing one amphideal aperture (am), six labial sensilla (ls) and two cephalic sensilla (cs). (B) Excrotory pore. (C) Ventral view of vulva. (D) Lateral lines. (E) Entire body lateral view (arrow showing vulva). (F) Esophageal region (arrow showing excretory pore). (G) Lateral field showing lateral lines. (H) Tail region ventral view (Top arrow showing four bacteria, middle arrow showing anus, two bottom arrows showing phasmids).

Figure 4

Bayesian consensus tree inferred from 18S under GTR+I+G model (−ln L = 5789.8442; AIC = 11599.6885; freqA = 0.2657; freqC = 0.202; freqG = 0.258; freqT = 0.2743; R(a) = 0.9275; R(b) = 3.6026; R(c) = 2.6802; R(d) = 0.6926; R(e) = 6.3237; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.4134; Shape = 0.6825). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.
Bayesian consensus tree inferred from 18S under GTR+I+G model (−ln L = 5789.8442; AIC = 11599.6885; freqA = 0.2657; freqC = 0.202; freqG = 0.258; freqT = 0.2743; R(a) = 0.9275; R(b) = 3.6026; R(c) = 2.6802; R(d) = 0.6926; R(e) = 6.3237; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.4134; Shape = 0.6825). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.

Figure 5

Bayesian consensus tree inferred from 28S D2/D3 under GTR+I+G model (−ln L = 4799.2056; AIC = 9618.4111; freqA = 0.2557; freqC = 0.182; freqG = 0.2892; freqT = 0.2732; R(a) = 0.6259; R(b) = 2.263; R(c) = 1.6102; R(d) = 0.5689; R(e) = 5.2205; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.2558; Shape = 0.6827). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.
Bayesian consensus tree inferred from 28S D2/D3 under GTR+I+G model (−ln L = 4799.2056; AIC = 9618.4111; freqA = 0.2557; freqC = 0.182; freqG = 0.2892; freqT = 0.2732; R(a) = 0.6259; R(b) = 2.263; R(c) = 1.6102; R(d) = 0.5689; R(e) = 5.2205; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.2558; Shape = 0.6827). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.

Figure 6

Bayesian consensus tree inferred from ITS under TVM+I model (−ln L = 9235.373; AIC = 18488.7461; freqA = 0.2255; freqC = 0.2115; freqG = 0.2393; freqT = 0.3237; R(a) = 1.3757; R(b) = 3.2802; R(c) = 1.847; R(d) = 1.2014; R(e) = 3.2802; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.1375; Shape = 1.5896). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.
Bayesian consensus tree inferred from ITS under TVM+I model (−ln L = 9235.373; AIC = 18488.7461; freqA = 0.2255; freqC = 0.2115; freqG = 0.2393; freqT = 0.3237; R(a) = 1.3757; R(b) = 3.2802; R(c) = 1.847; R(d) = 1.2014; R(e) = 3.2802; R(f) = 1; Pinva = 0.1375; Shape = 1.5896). Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades.

Figure 7A

The mortality rates for different insect types treated with either an Oscheius onirici population, or a control treatment of two milliliters of distilled water. (B) The average number of days that it took for a larva to die after exposure to the treatment. Insects were treated with either an Oscheius onirici population, or a control treatment of two milliliters of distilled water.
The mortality rates for different insect types treated with either an Oscheius onirici population, or a control treatment of two milliliters of distilled water. (B) The average number of days that it took for a larva to die after exposure to the treatment. Insects were treated with either an Oscheius onirici population, or a control treatment of two milliliters of distilled water.

Morphometrics of female Oscheius onirici.

Measurement or ratio 16-34833Wisconsin PS2068Oregon Jul179France DFL2014a Italy
N 20 13 14 20
L 615-830 (733.3 ± 63.8) 610-830 (670.4 ± 54.0) 565 – 835 (645.4 ± 69.3) 584-801 (671 ± 65.5)
a 13.5-36 (16.3 ± 4.6) 4.8-23.3 (18.1 ± 4.3) 14.1-21.4 (16.2 ± 1.8) 15.8 – 22.5 (19 ± 2)
b 4.8-6.5 (5.6 ± 0.4) 3.3-6.4 (5.1 ± 0.7) 3.9-5.4 (4.3 ± 0.4) 4.4 – 6.0 (4.9 ± 0.5)
c 8.1-15.4 (10.6 ± 2.1) 3.6-9.4 (7.6 ± 1.5) 6.1-9.9 (7.4 ± 1.1) 8.6 – 11.8 (9.7 ± 0.9)
c' 2.2-4.8 (3.5 ± 0.7) 3.7-5.7 (4.6 ± 0.7) 3.5-5.8 (4.8 ± 0.7) 3.5-5.0 (4.3 ± 0.4)
V 47.3-53.2 (50.6 ± 1.3) 47.2-51.5 (49.7 ± 1.2) 37.7-53.9 (49.3 ± 3.9) 47.3 – 52.6 (51.0 ± 1.3)
Pharynx 118-154 (132.0 ± 11.3) 104-190 (134.7 ± 18.3) 135-163 (148.4 ± 6.7) 126-146 (137 ± 6.2)
Midbody width 20-55 (46.8 ± 7.4) 30-131 (42.8 ± 25.8) 34-46 (40.0 ± 3.4) 30-51 (36.0 ± 5.3)
Tail 40-95 (72.1 ± 26.3) 74-176 (93.3 ± 34.9) 72-102 (87.6 ± 8.3) 63-81 (69 ± 5.5)
ABW 16-38 (21 ± 7.6) 15-44 (20.8 ± 9.0) 16-29 (18.5 ± 3.4) 13-23 (16 ± 2.2)
Stoma length 14-22 (17.6 ± 1.9) 16-19 (17.7 ± 1.1) 18-29 (20.9 ± 2.4) 12-16 (14 ± 1.1)
Stoma diameter 3-5 (4.1 ± 0.5) 3-5 (4.1 ± 0.5) 4-5 (4.2 ± 0.4) 3-4 (4 ± 0.4)
Basal bulb length 24-45 (30.5 ± 5.4) 25-30 (27.6 ± 1.8) 20-31 (26.6 ± 3.4) 21-25 (23 ± 1.3)
Basal bulb width 19-28 (22.9 ± 2.6) 16-26 (19.7 ± 3.1) 18-27 (23.3 ± 3.1) 17-21 (19 ± 1.2)
EP (Anterior end to excretory pore) 88-130 (113.1 ± 28.4) 95-122 (109.3 ± 8.6) 100-133 (112.7 ± 8.2) 92-146 (108 ± 13.2)
D (%) 72.4-100.8 (87.6 ± 7.1) 70.9-92.5 (83.19 ± 6.3) 64.5-88.9 (77.4 ± 7.1) 63.4-101.7 (78.9 ± 9.6)
Stoma length/stoma diameter 3.6-5.5 (4.3 ± 0.5) 1.9-6 (4.2 ± 0.9) 1.12-5.50 (4.6 ± 1.1)
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