Identifying obstetrics patients in whom RHD genotyping can be used to assess risk of D alloimmunization

1. Sandler SG, Flegel WA, Westhoff CM, et al. It’s time to phase in RHD genotyping for patients with a serologic weak D phenotype. Transfusion 2015;55:680–9. Sandler SG Flegel WA Westhoff CM , It’s time to phase in RHD genotyping for patients with a serologic weak D phenotype . Transfusion 2015 ; 55 : 680 – 9 . 10.1111/trf.12941 Search in Google Scholar

2. AABB. Joint statement on phasing-in RHD genotyping for pregnant women and other females of childbearing potential with a serologic weak D phenotype. Available from http://www.aabb.org/advocacy/statements/Pages/statement150722.aspx (February 9, 2017). AABB . Joint statement on phasing-in RHD genotyping for pregnant women and other females of childbearing potential with a serologic weak D phenotype . Available from http://www.aabb.org/advocacy/statements/Pages/statement150722.aspx (February 9, 2017). Search in Google Scholar

3. Keller MA, Crowley J, Horn T, et al. Characterization of RH locus in African American blood donors. Transfusion 2013; 53(2 Suppl):28A. Keller MA Crowley J Horn T , Characterization of RH locus in African American blood donors . Transfusion 2013 ; 53 ( 2 Suppl): 28A . Search in Google Scholar

4. Queenan JT. Rh immunoprophylaxis and fetal RHD Genotyping: where are we going? Obstet Gynecol 2012;120: 219–20. Queenan JT . Rh immunoprophylaxis and fetal RHD Genotyping: where are we going? Obstet Gynecol 2012 ; 120 : 219 – 20 . 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182611bcb Search in Google Scholar

5. Moise KJ Jr, Argoti PS. Management and prevention of red cell alloimmunization in pregnancy: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol 2012;120:1132–9. Moise KJ Jr Argoti PS . Management and prevention of red cell alloimmunization in pregnancy: a systematic review . Obstet Gynecol 2012 ; 120 : 1132 – 9 . 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31826d7dc1 Search in Google Scholar

6. Hartwell EA. Use of Rh immune globulin: ASCP practice parameter. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998;110:281–92. Hartwell EA . Use of Rh immune globulin: ASCP practice parameter . Am J Clin Pathol. 1998 ; 110 : 281 – 92 . 10.1093/ajcp/110.3.281 Search in Google Scholar

7. Reid M, Lomas-Francis C, Olsson M. The blood group antigen factsbook. 3rd ed. London: Academic Press; 2012:147–262. Reid M Lomas-Francis C Olsson M. The blood group antigen factsbook . 3 rd ed. London : Academic Press ; 2012 : 147 – 262 . 10.1016/B978-0-12-415849-8.00006-5 Search in Google Scholar

8. Denomme GA, Wagner FF, Fernandes BJ, Li W, Flegel WA. Partial D, weak D types, and novel RHD alleles among 33,864 multiethnic patients: implications for anti-D alloimmunization and prevention. Transfusion 2005;45:1554–60. Denomme GA Wagner FF Fernandes BJ Li W Flegel WA . Partial D, weak D types, and novel RHD alleles among 33,864 multiethnic patients: implications for anti-D alloimmunization and prevention . Transfusion 2005 ; 45 : 1554 – 60 . 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00586.x Search in Google Scholar

9. Flegel WA, Denomme GA, Yazer MH. On the complexity of D antigen typing: a handy decision tree in the age of molecular blood group diagnostics. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2007;29:746–52. Flegel WA Denomme GA Yazer MH . On the complexity of D antigen typing: a handy decision tree in the age of molecular blood group diagnostics . J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2007 ; 29 : 746 – 52 . 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)32606-8 Search in Google Scholar

10. Keller MA. The role of red cell genotyping in transfusion medicine. Immunohematology 2015;31:49–52. Keller MA . The role of red cell genotyping in transfusion medicine . Immunohematology 2015 ; 31 : 49 – 52 . 10.21307/immunohematology-2019-069 Search in Google Scholar

11. Luo X, Keller MA, James I, et al. Strategies to identify candidates for D variant genotyping. Blood Transfus 2018;16:293–301. Luo X Keller MA James I , Strategies to identify candidates for D variant genotyping . Blood Transfus 2018 ; 16 : 293 – 301 . Search in Google Scholar

12. Hawk AF, Chang EY, Shields SM, Simpson KN. Costs and clinical outcomes of noninvasive fetal RhD typing for targeted prophylaxis. Obstet Gynecol 2013;122:579–85. Hawk AF Chang EY Shields SM Simpson KN . Costs and clinical outcomes of noninvasive fetal RhD typing for targeted prophylaxis . Obstet Gynecol 2013 ; 122 : 579 – 85 . 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31829f881423921866 Search in Google Scholar

13. Clausen FB, Rieneck K, Krog GR, Bundgaard BS, Dziegiel MH. Noninvasive antenatal screening for fetal RHD in RhD negative women to guide targeted anti-D prophylaxis. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1885:347–59. Clausen FB Rieneck K Krog GR Bundgaard BS Dziegiel MH . Noninvasive antenatal screening for fetal RHD in RhD negative women to guide targeted anti-D prophylaxis . Methods Mol Biol. 2019 ; 1885 : 347 – 59 . 10.1007/978-1-4939-8889-1_2330506209 Search in Google Scholar

14. Chen Q, Flegel WA. Random survey for RHD alleles among D+ European persons. Transfusion 2005;45:1183–91. Chen Q Flegel WA . Random survey for RHD alleles among D+ European persons . Transfusion 2005 ; 45 : 1183 – 91 . 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00181.x15987365 Search in Google Scholar

15. Flegel WA. Blood group genotyping in Germany. Transfusion 2007;47(1 Suppl):47S–53S. Flegel WA . Blood group genotyping in Germany . Transfusion 2007 ; 47 ( 1 Suppl): 47S – 53S . 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01310.x17593286 Search in Google Scholar

16. Pham BN, Roussel M, Peyrard T, et al. Anti-D investigations in individuals expressing weak D type 1 or weak D type 2: allo- or autoantibodies? Transfusion 2011;51:2679–85. Pham BN Roussel M Peyrard T , Anti-D investigations in individuals expressing weak D type 1 or weak D type 2: allo- or autoantibodies? Transfusion 2011 ; 51 : 2679 – 85 . 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03207.x21658048 Search in Google Scholar

17. Hemker MB, Ligthart PC, Berger L, van Rhenen DJ, van der Schoot CE, Wijk PA. DAR, a new RhD variant involving exons 4, 5, and 7, often in linkage with ceAR, a new Rhce variant frequently found in African blacks. Blood 1999;94:4337–42. Hemker MB Ligthart PC Berger L van Rhenen DJ van der Schoot CE Wijk PA . DAR, a new RhD variant involving exons 4, 5, and 7, often in linkage with ceAR, a new Rhce variant frequently found in African blacks . Blood 1999 ; 94 : 4337 – 42 . 10.1182/blood.V94.12.4337 Search in Google Scholar

18. Horn T, Crowley JA, Keller MA. RhD typing discrepancies resolved through RHD genotyping: a patient perspective. Transfusion 2014;54:29A. Horn T Crowley JA Keller MA . RhD typing discrepancies resolved through RHD genotyping: a patient perspective . Transfusion 2014 ; 54 : 29A . Search in Google Scholar

19. Sandler SG, Roseff SD, Domen RE, Shaz B, Gottschall JL. Policies and procedures related to testing for weak D phenotypes and administration of Rh immune globulin: results and recommendations related to supplemental questions in the Comprehensive Transfusion Medicine survey of the College of American Pathologists. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014;138:620–5. Sandler SG Roseff SD Domen RE Shaz B Gottschall JL . Policies and procedures related to testing for weak D phenotypes and administration of Rh immune globulin: results and recommendations related to supplemental questions in the Comprehensive Transfusion Medicine survey of the College of American Pathologists . Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014 ; 138 : 620 – 5 . 10.5858/arpa.2013-0141-CP24786120 Search in Google Scholar

20. Kacker S, Vassallo R, Keller MA, et al. Financial implications of RHD genotyping of pregnant women with a serologic weak D phenotype. Transfusion 2015;55:2095–103 Kacker S Vassallo R Keller MA , Financial implications of RHD genotyping of pregnant women with a serologic weak D phenotype . Transfusion 2015 ; 55 : 2095 – 103 10.1111/trf.13074473982325808011 Search in Google Scholar

21. ISBT. Red cell immunogenetics and blood group terminology. Available from: http://www.isbtweb.org/working-parties/ red-cell-immunogenetics-and-blood-group-terminology/. Accessed 24 December 2020. ISBT . Red cell immunogenetics and blood group terminology . Available from: http://www.isbtweb.org/working-parties/ red-cell-immunogenetics-and-blood-group-terminology/. Accessed 24 December 2020. Search in Google Scholar

22. The Human RhesusBase, version 2.5, http://www.rhesusbase.info/, update 2020-03-18. Accessed 24 December 2020. The Human RhesusBase, version 2.5, http://www.rhesusbase.info/, update 2020-03-18. Accessed 24 December 2020. Search in Google Scholar

23. Westhoff C, Nance S, Lomas-Francis C, Keller MA, Chou S. Experience with RHD*weak D type 4.0 in the USA. Blood Transfus 2019;17:91–3. Westhoff C Nance S Lomas-Francis C Keller MA Chou S. Experience with RHD*weak D type 4.0 in the USA . Blood Transfus 2019 ; 17 : 91 – 3 . Search in Google Scholar

24. Wagner FF, Eicher NI, Jørgensen JR, Lonicer CB, Flegel WA. DNB: a partial D with anti-D frequent in Central Europe. Blood 2002;100:2253–6. Wagner FF Eicher NI Jørgensen JR Lonicer CB Flegel WA . DNB: a partial D with anti-D frequent in Central Europe . Blood 2002 ; 100 : 2253 – 6 . 10.1182/blood-2002-03-074212200394 Search in Google Scholar

25. Flegel WA, Denomme GA, Queenan JT, et al. It’s time to phase out “serologic weak D phenotype” and resolve D types with RHD genotyping including weak D type 4. Transfusion 2020;60:855–9. Flegel WA Denomme GA Queenan JT , It’s time to phase out “serologic weak D phenotype” and resolve D types with RHD genotyping including weak D type 4 . Transfusion 2020 ; 60 : 855 – 9 . 10.1111/trf.15741912135032163599 Search in Google Scholar