Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Booker DJ, Bailey A. Red cell autoantibodies, multiple immunoglobulin classes, and autoimmune hemolysis. Transfusion 1990;30:714–7.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30891020331.xSearch in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Booker DJ, Bailey A. Erythrocyte autoantibodies, subclasses of IgG and autoimmune haemolysis. Autoimmunity 1990;6:99–104.10.3109/08916939008993374Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Booker DJ, Stamps R. The pathology of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. J Clin Pathol 1992; 45:1047–52.10.1136/jcp.45.12.1047Search in Google Scholar
Rosse WF. Quantitative immunology of immune hemolytic anemia. II. The relationship of cell-bound antibody to hemolysis and treatment. J Clin Invest 1971;50:734–43.10.1172/JCI106544Search in Google Scholar
van der Meulen FW, de Bruin HG, Goosen PCM, et al. Quantitative aspects of the destruction of red cells sensitized with IgG1 autoantibodies: an application of flow cytofluorometry. Br J Haematol 1980; 46:47–56.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1980.tb05934.xSearch in Google Scholar
Garratty G. The significance of IgG on the red cell surface. Transfus Med Rev 1987;I:47–57.10.1016/S0887-7963(87)70005-4Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Booker DJ, Stamps R. Small quantities of erythrocyte bound immunoglobulins and autoimmune haemolysis. J Clin Pathol 1987;40:254–7.10.1136/jcp.40.3.25411408943558858Search in Google Scholar
Gilliland BC, Baxter E, Evans RS. Red-cell antibodies in acquired hemolytic anemia with negative antiglobulin serum tests. N Engl J Med 1971;285:252–6.10.1056/NEJM1971072928505034103812Search in Google Scholar
Gilliland BC. Coombs-negative immune hemolytic anemia. Semin Hematol 1976;13:267–75.Search in Google Scholar
Freedman J, Ho M, Barefoot C. Red cell-bound C3d in selected hospital patients. Transfusion 1982; 22:515–20.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22683068616.x6216638Search in Google Scholar
Munn LR, Chaplin H. Rosette formation by sensitized human red cells-effects of source of peripheral leukocyte monolayers. Vox Sang 1977;33:129–42.Search in Google Scholar
Garratty G. The clinical significance (and insignificance) of red-cell-bound IgG and complement. In: Wallace ME, Levitt JS, eds. Current applications and interpretation of the direct antiglobulin test. Arlington, VA: American Association of Blood Banks, 1988:1–24.Search in Google Scholar
Garratty G. The significance of complement in immunohematology. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 1989;20:25–56.10.3109/104083684091657696373144Search in Google Scholar
Kurlander RJ, Rosse WF, Logue GL. Quantitative influence of antibody and complement coating of red cells on monocyte-mediated cell lysis. J Clin Invest 1978;61:1309–19.10.1172/JCI109048Search in Google Scholar
Kurlander RJ, Rosse WF. Monocyte-mediated destruction in the presence of serum of red cells coated with antibody. Blood 1979;54:1131–9.10.1182/blood.V54.5.1131.1131Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Booker DJ, Stamps R, Booth JR. An enzyme-linked direct antiglobulin test for assessing erythrocyte bound immunoglobulins. J Immunol Methods 1988;106:31–5.10.1016/0022-1759(88)90268-2Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Hewitt S, Booker DJ, Morris BM. Patients with red cell autoantibodies: selection of blood for transfusion. Clin Lab Haematol 1988;10:257–64.10.1111/j.1365-2257.1988.tb00019.x3180694Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Booker DJ, Stamps R. Investigation of patients with autoimmune haemolytic anemia and provision of blood for transfusion. J Clin Pathol 1995; 48:602–10.10.1136/jcp.48.7.6025027087560164Search in Google Scholar
Mack C. Essentials of statistics for scientists and technologists. New York: Plenum Press, 1967.10.1007/978-1-4684-7965-2Search in Google Scholar
Sokol RJ, Hudson G, James NT, Frost IJ, Wales J. Human macrophage development: a morphometric study. J Anat 1987;151:27–35.Search in Google Scholar
Gilman GE, Kennedy MS, Lott JA, Powers JD, Waheed A, Senhauser DA. Further improvement of the enzyme-linked antiglobulin test (ELAT) for erythrocyte antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol 1982;77:206–10.10.1093/ajcp/77.2.2067039301Search in Google Scholar
Postoway N, Nance SJ, Garratty G. Variables affecting the enzyme-linked antiglobulin test when detecting and quantitating IgG red cell antibodies. Med Lab Sci 1985;42:11–9.Search in Google Scholar
Rasmussen JM, Jepsen HH, Teisner B, Holmskov- Nielsen U, Rasmussen GG, Svehag SE. Quantification by ELISA of erythrocyte-bound C3 fragments expressing C3d and/or C3c epitopes in patients with Factor I deficiency and with autoimmune diseases. Vox Sang 1989;56:262–9.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1989.tb02039.x2474900Search in Google Scholar
Kiruba R, Han P. Quantitation of red cell-bound immunoglobulin and complement using enzyme- linked antiglobulin consumption assay. Transfusion 1988;28:519–24.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28689059023.x3194927Search in Google Scholar
Chaplin H, Nasongkla M, Monroe MC. Quantitation of red blood cell-bound C3d in normal subjects and random hospitalized patients. Br J Haematol 1981;48:69–78.10.1111/j.1365-2141.1981.00069.x6972779Search in Google Scholar
Freedman J, Barefoot C. Red blood cell-bound C3d in normal subjects and in random hospital patients. Transfusion 1982;22:511–4.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1982.22683068615.xSearch in Google Scholar
Merry AH, Thomson EE, Rawlinson VI, Stratton F. The quantification of C3 fragments on erythrocytes: estimation of C3 fragments in normal cells, acquired haemolytic anaemia cases and correlation with agglutination of sensitised cells. Clin Lab Haematol 1983;5:387–97.10.1111/j.1365-2257.1983.tb00512.xSearch in Google Scholar
Giles CM, Davies KA, Walport MJ. In vivo and in vitro binding of C4 molecules on red cells: a correlation of numbers of molecules and agglutination. Transfusion 1991;31:222–8.10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31391165171.xSearch in Google Scholar
Garratty G. Effect of cell-bound proteins on the in vivo survival of circulating blood cells. Gerontology 1991;37:68–94.10.1159/000213252Search in Google Scholar
Hamilton RG, Adkinson NF. Quantitative aspects of solid phase immunoassays. In: Kemeny DM, Challacombe SJ, eds. ELISA and other solid phase immunoassays. New York: Wiley, 1988, 57–84.Search in Google Scholar
Merry AH. Quantitative aspects of the antiglobulin test for red cell-bound IgG, C3d and C3g. Biotest Bull 1986;1:53–8.Search in Google Scholar
Freedman J. The significance of complement on the red cell surface. Transfus Med Rev 1987;1:58–70.10.1016/S0887-7963(87)70006-6Search in Google Scholar
Kay MMB. Drosophila to bacteriophage to erythrocyte: the erythrocyte as a model for molecular and membrane aging of terminally differentiated cells. Gerontology 1991;37:5–32.10.1159/000213250Search in Google Scholar
Kay MMB, Marchalonis JJ, Schluter SF, Bosman G. Human erythrocyte aging: cellular and molecular biology. Transfus Med Rev 1991;V:173–95.10.1016/S0887-7963(91)70207-1Search in Google Scholar
Gershon H. Is the sequestration of aged erythrocytes mediated by natural autoantibodies? Isr J Med Sci 1992;28:818–28.Search in Google Scholar
Gershon H. Do natural autoantibodies play a role in physiologic red blood cell sequestration? Isr J Med Sci 1993;29:167–73.Search in Google Scholar
Siegel I, Liu TL, Gleicher N. The red-cell immune system. Lancet 1981;ii:556–9.10.1016/S0140-6736(81)90941-7Search in Google Scholar
Schifferli JA, Ng YC, Peters DK. The role of complement and its receptor in the elimination of immune complexes. N Engl J Med 1986;315:488–95.10.1056/NEJM198608213150805Search in Google Scholar
Schifferli JA, Ng YC. The role of complement in the processing of immune complexes. Ballière’s Clin Immunol Allergy 1988;2:319–34.Search in Google Scholar
Halma C, van Es LA, Daha MR. A newly discovered function of the erythrocyte: transport of immune complexes to the liver. Neth J Med 1992;41:245–54.Search in Google Scholar
Burkhart P, Rosenfield RE, Hsu TCS, et al. Instrumented PVP-augmented antiglobulin tests. I. Detection of allogeneic antibodies coating otherwise normal erythrocytes. Vox Sang 1974;26:289–304.Search in Google Scholar
Kaplan AP. The Hageman factor dependent pathways of human plasma. Microvasc Res 1974;8:97–111.10.1016/0026-2862(74)90068-5Search in Google Scholar
Lachmann PJ. The control of homologous lysis. Immunol Today 1991;12:312–5.10.1016/0167-5699(91)90005-ESearch in Google Scholar
Lachmann PJ, Voak D, Oldroyd RG, Downie DM, Bevan PC. Use of monoclonal anti-C3 antibodies to characterise the fragments of C3 that are found on erythrocytes. Vox Sang 1983;45:367–72.10.1111/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01928.x6605620Search in Google Scholar
Fischer JT, Petz LD, Garratty G, Cooper NR. Correlation between quantitative assay of red cellbound C3, serology reactions and hemolytic anemia. Blood 1974;44:359–71.10.1182/blood.V44.3.359.359Search in Google Scholar
Schreiber AD, Frank MM. Role of antibody and complement in the immune clearance and destruction of erythrocytes. I. In vivo effects of IgG and IgM and complement-fixing sites. J Clin Invest 1972; 51:575–82.10.1172/JCI1068463021634536807Search in Google Scholar
Heddle NM, Turchyn KL, Kelton JG. Hypergammaglobulinemia can be associated with a positive direct antiglobulin test, a non-reactive eluate, and no evidence of hemolysis (abstract). Transfusion 1985; 25:451.Search in Google Scholar
