A comparative evaluation of ion release from different commercially-available orthodontic mini-implants – an in-vitro study

1. Daskalogiannakis J. Glossary of orthodontic terms. Leipzig: Quintessence Publishing Co., 2000.Search in Google Scholar

2. Kanomi R. Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage. J Clin Orthod 1997;31:763-7.Search in Google Scholar

3. Hong RK, Heo JM, Ha YK. Lever-arm and mini-implant system for anterior torque control during retraction in lingual orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 2005;75:129-41.Search in Google Scholar

4. Herman RJ, Currier GF, Miyake A. Mini-implant anchorage for maxillary canine retraction: a pilot study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;130:228-35.10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.02.029Search in Google Scholar

5. Park YC, Lee SY, Kim DH, Jee SH. Intrusion of posterior teeth using mini-screw implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:690-4.10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00047-7Search in Google Scholar

6. Baik UB, Chun YS, Jung MH, Sugawara J. Protraction of mandibular second and third molars into missing first molar spaces for a patient with an anterior open bite and anterior spacing. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:783-95.10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.07.03122640680Search in Google Scholar

7. Velo S, Rotunno E, Cozzani M. The implant distal jet. J Clin Orthod 2007;41:88-93.Search in Google Scholar

8. Jeon YJ, Kim YH, Son WS, Hans MG. Correction of a canted occlusal plane with miniscrews in a patient with facial asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006;130:244-52.10.1016/j.ajodo.2006.04.01616905071Search in Google Scholar

9. Lin JC, Liou EJ, Yeh CL, Evans CA. A comparative evaluation of current orthodontic miniscrew systems. World J Orthod 2007;8:136-44.Search in Google Scholar

10. Cotrim-Ferreira FA, Quaglio CL, Peralta RP, Carvalho PE, Siqueira DF. Metallographic analysis of the internal microstructure of orthodontic mini-implants. Braz Oral Res 2010;24:438-42.10.1590/S1806-8324201000040001121180965Search in Google Scholar

11. Morais LS, Serra GG, Muller CA, Andrade LR, Palermo EFA, Elias CN et al. Titanium alloy mini-implants for orthodontic anchorage: immediate loading and metal ion release. Acta Biomater 2007;3:331-9.10.1016/j.actbio.2006.10.01017257912Search in Google Scholar

12. Danaei SM, Safavi A, Roeinpeikar SM, Oshagh M, Iranpour S, Omidkhoda M. Ion release from orthodontic brackets in 3 mouthwashes: an in-vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;139:730-4.10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.03.00421640878Search in Google Scholar

13. Natarajan M, Padmanabhan S, Chitharanjan AB, Narasimhan M. Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of fixed appliances on oral mucosal cells and the relationship to nickel and chromium concentrations: an in-vivo study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;140:383-8.10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.07.02721889083Search in Google Scholar

14. Kerosuo H, Moe G, Kleven E. In vitro release of nickel and chromium from different types of simulated fixed orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod 1995;65:111-6.Search in Google Scholar

15. de Morais LS, Serra GG, Albuquerque Palermo EF, Andrade LR, Müller CA, Meyers MA et al. Systemic levels of metallic ions released from orthodontic mini-implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;135:522-9.10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.04.04519361740Search in Google Scholar

16. Pithon MM, Santos RL, Martins FO, Medeiros PJ, Romanos MT. Citotoxicity of orthodontic mini-implants. Rev Clín Pesq Odontol. 2010;6:141-6.Search in Google Scholar

17. Malkoç S1, Öztürk F, Çörekçi B, Bozkurt BS, Hakki SS. Real-time cell analysis of the cytoxicity of orthodontic mini-implants on human gingival fibroblasts and mouse osteoblasts. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012;141:419-26.10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.12.00922464523Search in Google Scholar

18. du Preez LA, Bütow KW, Swart TJ. Implant failure due to titanium hypersensitivity/allergy? – Report of a case. SADJ 2007;62:22-5.Search in Google Scholar

19. Sicilia A, Cuesta S, Coma G, Arregui I, Guisasola C, Ruiz E et al. Titanium allergy in dental implant patients: a clinical study on 1500 consecutive patients. Clin Oral Implants Res 2008;19:823-35.10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01544.xSearch in Google Scholar

20. Egusa H, Ko N, Shimazu T, Yatani H. Suspected association of an allergic reaction with titanium dental implants: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2008;100:344-7.10.1016/S0022-3913(08)60233-4Search in Google Scholar

21. Lin W, Stayton I, Huang Y, Zhou X-D, Ma Y. Cytotoxicity and cell membrane depolarization induced by aluminum oxide nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells A549. Toxicol Environ Chem 2008;90:983-96.10.1080/02772240701802559Search in Google Scholar

22. Rogers MA, Simon DG. A preliminary study of dietary aluminium intake and risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Age Ageing 1999;28:205-9.10.1093/ageing/28.2.205Search in Google Scholar

23. Boyce BF, Byars J, McWilliams S, Mocan MZ, Elder HY, Boyle IT et al. Histological and electron microprobe studies of mineralisation in aluminium-related osteomalacia. J Clin Pathol 1992;45:502-8.10.1136/jcp.45.6.502Search in Google Scholar

24. Heinemann G, Fichtl B, Vogt W. Pharmacokinetics of vanadium in humans after intravenous administration of a vanadium containing albumin solution. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2003;55:241-5.10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01711.xSearch in Google Scholar

25. Rodríguez-Mercado JJ, Roldán-Reyes E, Altamirano-Lozano M. Genotoxic effects of vanadium (IV) in human peripheral blood cells. Toxicol Lett 2003;144:359-69.10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00255-8Search in Google Scholar

26. Rae T. The biological response to titanium and titanium-aluminium-vanadium alloy particles. Part II. Long-term animal studies. Biomaterials 1986;7:37-40.10.1016/0142-9612(86)90086-4Search in Google Scholar

27. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2012. ToxGuide. <http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxguides/toxguide-58.pdf>Search in Google Scholar

28. Blaya MG, Blaya DS, Mello P, Flores EM, Hirakata LM. Titanium alloy miniscrews for orthodontic anchorage: an in vivo study of metal ion release. Rev Odonto Cienc 2011;26:209-14.10.1590/S1980-65232011000300003Search in Google Scholar

29. Sebbar M, Bourzgui F, Aazzab B, Elquars F. Anchorage miniscrews: a surface characterization study using optical microscopy. Int Orthod 2011;9:325-38.10.1016/j.ortho.2011.03.00921514262Search in Google Scholar

30. Sebbar M, Bourzgui F, Lazrak L, Aazzab B, El Quars F. [Microscopic comparison of the miniscrew’s surface used in orthodontics: before and after use]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 2012;113:365-9. French.10.1016/j.stomax.2012.04.003Search in Google Scholar

31. Kuphasuk C, Oshida Y, Andres CJ, Hovijitra ST, Barco MT, Brown DT. Electrochemical corrosion of titanium and titanium-based alloys. J Prosthet Dent 2001;85:195-202.10.1067/mpr.2001.113029Search in Google Scholar

32. Bordji K, Jouzeau JY, Mainard D, Payan E, Netter P, Rie KT et al. Cytocompatibility of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5Al-2.5Fe alloys according to three surface treatments, using human fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Biomaterials 1996;17:929-40.10.1016/0142-9612(96)83289-3Search in Google Scholar

33. Khan MA, Williams RL, Williams DF. The corrosion behavior of Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-13Nb-13Zr in protein solutions. Biomaterials 1999;20:631-7.10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00217-8Search in Google Scholar

34. Hanawa T. Metal ion release from metal implants. Material Science and Engineering C 2004;24:745-52.10.1016/j.msec.2004.08.018Search in Google Scholar

35. Shi XL, Dalal NS. NADPH-dependent flavoenzymes catalyse one electron reduction of metal ions and molecular oxygen and generate hydroxyl radicals. FEBS 1990;276:189-91.10.1016/0014-5793(90)80539-USearch in Google Scholar

36. Woodman JL, Jacobs JJ, Galante JO, Urban RM. Metal ion release from titanium-based prosthetic segmental replacements of long bones in baboons: a long-term study. J Orthop Res 1984;1:421-30.10.1002/jor.1100010411Search in Google Scholar

37. Strietzel R, Hösch A, Kalbfleisch H, Buch D. In vitro corrosion of titanium. Biomaterials 1998;19:1495-9.10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00065-9Search in Google Scholar

38. Knutson KJ, Berzins DW. Corrosion of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices. Eur J Orthod 2013;35:500-6.10.1093/ejo/cjs027Search in Google Scholar

39. Holland RI. Corrosion testing by potentiodynamic polarization in various electrolytes. Dent Mater 1992;8:241-5.10.1016/0109-5641(92)90093-RSearch in Google Scholar

40. Guyton, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology, 13th Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Publishers, 2016; 740, Table 64-1.Search in Google Scholar

41. Zabokova-Bilbilova E, Sotirovska-Ivkovska A, Kanurkova L, Pandilova M. The effect of orthodontic treatment on pH, buffer capacity and levels of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus. Somatoloski vjesnik 2012:93-7.Search in Google Scholar

42. Huang TH, Yen CC, Kao CT. Comparison of ion release from new and recycled orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;120:68-75.10.1067/mod.2001.11379411455381Search in Google Scholar