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Study on Bolted and Blind-Bolted Single Shear Connections of Cold-Formed Steel Members

Szymon SWIERCZYNA

Szymon SWIERCZYNA

Faculty of Civil Engineering, The Silesian University of TechnologyGliwice, Poland
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SWIERCZYNA, Szymon
  
31. Okt. 2020
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Online veröffentlicht: 31. Okt. 2020
Seitenbereich: 45 - 60
Eingereicht: 11. Apr. 2020
Akzeptiert: 29. Juli 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2020-023
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© 2020 Szymon Swierczyna published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Cold-formed steel frame with single-shear bolted connections [2]: a) geometry, b) detail “A” – structure of the truss joint, c) detail “B” and “C” – structure of the column, d) cross-section of the fastener before and after installation, e) view of the fastener before installation, f) cross-section of the fastener after installation
Cold-formed steel frame with single-shear bolted connections [2]: a) geometry, b) detail “A” – structure of the truss joint, c) detail “B” and “C” – structure of the column, d) cross-section of the fastener before and after installation, e) view of the fastener before installation, f) cross-section of the fastener after installation

Figure 2.

Test specimen: a) construction and dimensions, b) specimen with M16 bolts, c) specimen with BOM R16-4 fasteners
Test specimen: a) construction and dimensions, b) specimen with M16 bolts, c) specimen with BOM R16-4 fasteners

Figure 3.

The load-deformation characteristics of M16.4 specimens
The load-deformation characteristics of M16.4 specimens

Figure 4.

Typical failure mode in specimens M16.4/2 with washers on nut side only
Typical failure mode in specimens M16.4/2 with washers on nut side only

Figure 5.

Typical failure mode of BOM R-16 connections
Typical failure mode of BOM R-16 connections

Figure 6.

Single-shear bolted connection: a) scheme and dimensions, b) mechanical model
Single-shear bolted connection: a) scheme and dimensions, b) mechanical model

Figure 7.

Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens M16.4/2
Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens M16.4/2

Figure 8.

Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens M16.4/4
Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens M16.4/4

Figure 9.

Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1- characteristics for specimens M16.4/0
Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1- characteristics for specimens M16.4/0

Figure 10.

Parameters of exponential function versus test results for connections with BOM fasteners: a) relation between a F,bb parameter and product of f u d 0 t, b) relation between b F,bb parameter and ratio of t/d 0
Parameters of exponential function versus test results for connections with BOM fasteners: a) relation between a F,bb parameter and product of f u d 0 t, b) relation between b F,bb parameter and ratio of t/d 0

Figure 11.

Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens BOM-S.4
Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens BOM-S.4

Figure 12.

Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens BOM-KSW.4
Comparison of analytical and experimental F 1-δ characteristics for specimens BOM-KSW.4

Test results for specimens M16_4/0 without washers

Specimen Number of washers w (Fmax) [kN] δ (Fmax) [mm] Bearing factor acc. to test Fmax/2fudt Bearing factor acc. to EC3 [10] k 1 αb Characteristic bearing resistance acc. to EC3 [10] 2Fb,Rk = 2k 1 αb fudt[kN] Fmax /(2Fb,RK )]·100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
M16.4/0-1 0 101.6 15.8 2.19 2.31 107.2 95
M16.4/0-2 96.7 16.6 2.08 90
M16.4/0-3 103.3 14.3 2.23 96
M16.4/0-4 102.1 16.8 2.20 95
M16.4/0-5 101.6 16.8 2.19 95

Comparison of bearing factors for specimens with M16 bolts and blind fasteners BOM R16

Bearing factor Differences [%]
aF,b/fudt aF,bb/fud0t
M16.4/2 w = 2 M16.4/0 w = 0 B0M-S.4 B0M-KSW.4 [(l)/(3)-l]-100% [(2)/(3)-l]·100%
1 2 3 4 5
2.371)2.312) 2.183) 2.004) 18.515.5 9.0

Nodal forces in frame for various types of joint model

Node Displacement Type of joint model Differences [%] Limit displacement [mm]
Rigid Semi-rigid Nominally pinned ([4]/[6]-1)·100% ([5]/[6]-1)·100%
BOM R16 BOM R16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
N4 Horizontal [mm] 2.1 5.0 6.1 3.6 39 69 35
N36 Vertical [mm] 27.9 49.8 53.8 33.9 47 56 96

Test results for specimens M16_4/4 with washers under the bolt head and nut

Specimen Number of washers w (Fmax) [kN] δ (Fmax) [mm] Bearing factor acc. to test Fmax/2fudt Bearing factor acc. to EC3 [10] k 1 αb Characteristic bearing resistance acc. to EC3 [10] 2Fb,Rk = 2k 1 αb fudt[kN] [Fmax /(2Fb,RK )]·100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
M16.4/4-1 4 120.01) 12.0 - 2.31 107.2 112
M16.4/4-2 122.41) 11.5 - 114
M16.4/4-3 142.52) 9.1 - 133

Initial stiffness of connections in tested specimens

Specimen Initial stiffness [kN/mm]
1 2
M16.4 14.11)
BOM-S.4 27.92)
BOM-KSW.4 40.92)

Test results for specimens M16_4/2 with washers under the nut only

Specimen Number of washers w (Fmax) [kN] δ (Fmax) [mm] Bearing factor acc. to test Fmax/2fudt Bearing factor acc. to EC3 [10] k 1 αb Characteristic bearing resistance acc. to EC3 [10] 2Fb,Rk = 2k 1 αb fudt[kN] Fmax /(2Fb,RK )]·100%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
M16.4/2-1 2 108.2 15.4 2.33 2.31 107.2 101
M16.4/2-2 107.9 17.1 2.33 100
M16.4/2-3 110.2 16.7 2.37 103
M16.4/2-4 109.6 16.3 2.36 102
M16.4/2-5 114.1 19.0 2.46 106

Parameters of specimens with M16 bolts and BOM R16-4 fasteners

Specimen Type d [mm] d 0 [mm] e 1/d 0 p 1/d 0 A [mm2] t [mm] Steel grade fy [MPa] fu [MPa] fudt [kN]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
M16.4 M16x35-8.8 16.0 18.0 2.78 5.56 157 3.69 S235 283 393 23.2
B0M-S.4 BOM R16-4 13.6 14.3 3.50 6.99 161 * 4.06 S235 260 343 19.9 *
B0M-KSW.4 BOM R16-4 13.6 14.0 3.57 7.14 154 * 4.00 S355 362 522 29.2 *
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