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Partition of pentachlorophenol (PCP) into particulate and dissolved phases in the waters of the Vistula River mouth at the Gulf of Gdańsk

Marta E. Kobusińska
Marta E. Kobusińska
, 
Maria Witt
Maria Witt
, 
Krzysztof Lewandowski
Krzysztof Lewandowski
 und 
Elżbieta Niemirycz
Elżbieta Niemirycz
   | 22. Juni 2016
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Article Category: Original research paper
Online veröffentlicht: 22. Juni 2016
Seitenbereich: 172 - 181
Eingereicht: 28. Aug. 2015
Akzeptiert: 28. Sept. 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2016-0016
© Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdañsk, Poland. All rights reserved.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Sampling sites of sea water (sea-side resorts - Gdynia, Sopot, Gdansk), estuarine water (Swibno - the Vistula River mouth) and river water (Kiezmark - the Vistula River mouth cross-section)
Sampling sites of sea water (sea-side resorts - Gdynia, Sopot, Gdansk), estuarine water (Swibno - the Vistula River mouth) and river water (Kiezmark - the Vistula River mouth cross-section)

Figure 2

Relationship between the SPM load (kg) and the mean water flow rate (m3 s-1) in the Vistula River at the Kiezmark station (river mouth cross-section) during the period of 2002-2006 and 2014
Relationship between the SPM load (kg) and the mean water flow rate (m3 s-1) in the Vistula River at the Kiezmark station (river mouth cross-section) during the period of 2002-2006 and 2014

Figure 3

Relationship between PCPspm (μg g-1 d.w.) and the mean water flow rate (Q), (m3 s-1) in the Vistula River at the Kiezmark station (river mouth cross-section) in 2014
Relationship between PCPspm (μg g-1 d.w.) and the mean water flow rate (Q), (m3 s-1) in the Vistula River at the Kiezmark station (river mouth cross-section) in 2014

Figure 4

Seasonal variability in PCPspm and PCPdiss concentrations at selected sampling stations in 2014
Seasonal variability in PCPspm and PCPdiss concentrations at selected sampling stations in 2014

Spearman rank correlation test for verification of correlation between the particulate phase of PCP (PCPspm) and the mean water flow rate in the Vistula River in 2014

Unit PCPspm (μg g-1 d.w.) Water flow rate (Q) (m3 s-1)
PCPspm μg g-1 d.w. 1.000000 -0.616667
Water flow rate (Q) m3 s-1 -0.616667 1.000000

Environmental material collected and analyzed within the present study

Station Water type Year Samples (N) Analysis
Kiezmark(the Vistula River mouth cross-section) riverine 2002-2006 120 SPM
Kiezmark(the Vistula River) riverine 2014(April-December) 99 SPM, PCPspmPCPdiss
Swibno(the Vistula River mouth) estuarine 2014(March-December) 1010 SPM, PCPspmPCPdiss
Gdansk(the Gulf of Gdansk) marine 2014(March-December) 1010 SPM, PCPspmPCPdiss
Sopot 2014 10 SPM, PCPspm
(the Gulf of Gdansk) marine (March-December) 10 PCPdiss
Gdynia 2014 10 SPM, PCPspm
(the Gulf of Gdansk) marine (March-December) 10 PCPdiss
Total SPM= 170PCPspm= 50PCPdiss= 50

Statistical parameters describing the data on PCP concentration (PCPdiss, PCPspm) in river, estuarine and sea water

Unit N Median Minimum Maximum
RIVERINE
PCPdiss ng dm-3 9 53.13 15.67 120.45
PCPspm μg g-1 d.w. 9 12.85 3.20 27.01
ESTUARINE
PCPdiss ng dm-3 10 55.09 23.43 94.21
PCPspm μg g-1dw. 10 16.40 13.52 25.61
MARINE
PCPdiss ng dm-3 30 28.98 12.85 62.36
PCPdiss μg g-1dw. 30 17.35 8.58 37.76

Calculated values of the dilution factor (DF) for PCP in the sampled surface waters with respect to the EC (2001) environmental quality standard (EQS) for the assessment of environmental risk

Water type ΣPCPdiss /PCPspm EQS value DF
riverine 336.69 100 3.37
marine 237.46 100 2.37

Spearman rank correlation test for the assessment of selected parameters and their effect on the partition of PCP into dissolved and particulate phases (statistically significant p<0.05 marked in red)

Parameter PCPdiss(ng dm-3) PCPspm (μg g-1 d.w.) S(PSU) pH
PCPdiss(ng dm-3) 1.000000 0.127301 -0.478481 0.575308
PCP(μg g-1 d.w.) 0.127301 1.000000 0.185959 0.099283
S(PSU) 0.575308 0.185959 1.000000 -0.492416
pH -0.492416 0.099283 0.147645 1.000000
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