This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Barillo, D.J., P.A. Brigham, D.A. Kayden, R.T. Heck, and A.T. McManus: The Fire-Safe Cigarette: A Burn Prevention Tool; J. Burn. Care. Rehabil. 21 (2000) 164–170.BarilloD.J.BrighamP.A.KaydenD.A.HeckR.T.McManusA.T.The Fire-Safe Cigarette: A Burn Prevention ToolJ. Burn. Care. Rehabil.21200016417010.1097/00004630-200021020-0001510752750Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 12863:2010. Standard Test Method for Assessing the Ignition Propensity of Cigarettes; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2010.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 12863:2010Standard Test Method for Assessing the Ignition Propensity of CigarettesISOGeneva, Switzerland2010Search in Google Scholar
Gann, R.G. and W.F. Guthrie: Robustness of Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes with ASTM Method E2187-02b; NIST Technical Note 1454, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, DC, USA, 2003.GannR.G.GuthrieW.F.Robustness of Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes with ASTM Method E2187-02b; NIST Technical Note 1454National Institute of Standards and TechnologyWashington, DC, USA2003Search in Google Scholar
Su, J.Z., P. Leroux, and J.C. Latour: Cigarette Ignition Propensity Testing – First Series; Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council, Canada 2003.SuJ.Z.LerouxP.LatourJ.C.Cigarette Ignition Propensity Testing – First SeriesInstitute for Research in Construction, National Research CouncilCanada2003Search in Google Scholar
Gann, R.G.: Measuring the Ignition Propensity of Cigarettes; in: Proceedings of the 11th Interflam Fire Science and Engineering Conference, London, UK, July 3–5, 2007, pp. 145–155.GannR.G.Measuring the Ignition Propensity of CigarettesProceedings of the 11th Interflam Fire Science and Engineering ConferenceLondon, UKJuly 3–5, 2007145155Search in Google Scholar
Mehta, S.: Cigarette Ignition Risk Project; U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, MD, USA, 2012.MehtaS.Cigarette Ignition Risk ProjectU.S. Consumer Product Safety CommissionBethesda, MD, USA2012Search in Google Scholar
Eitzinger, B. and S. Pirker: Numerical Simulation of a Cigarette During Smoking; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 21 (2005) 403–416. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0806EitzingerB.PirkerS.Numerical Simulation of a Cigarette During SmokingBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.21200540341610.2478/cttr-2013-0806Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Eitzinger, B.: A Simulation Study of Self-Extinguishing Cigarettes; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 22 (2006) 79–87. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0819EitzingerB.A Simulation Study of Self-Extinguishing CigarettesBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.222006798710.2478/cttr-2013-0819Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Saidi, M.S., M.R. Hajaligol, and F. Rasouli: An Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Puff Hydrodynamics; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 21 (2004) 157–166. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0819SaidiM.S.HajaligolM.R.RasouliF.An Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Puff HydrodynamicsBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.21200415716610.2478/cttr-2013-0819Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Chen, P.: A Mathematical Model of Cigarette Smoldering Process; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2002) 265–271. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0740ChenP.A Mathematical Model of Cigarette Smoldering ProcessBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.20200226527110.2478/cttr-2013-0740Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Muramatsu, M.: An Approach to Modeling a Burning Cigarette; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int 21 (2005) 286–293. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0795MuramatsuM.An Approach to Modeling a Burning CigaretteBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int21200528629310.2478/cttr-2013-0795Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Zheng, Y., J. Chipley, A. Dow, and C. Midgett: A Model for the Prediction of Tobacco Temperature and Oxygen Profiles in Warehouse Aging Process; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 22 (2007) 358–364. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0842ZhengY.ChipleyJ.DowA.MidgettC.A Model for the Prediction of Tobacco Temperature and Oxygen Profiles in Warehouse Aging ProcessBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.22200735836410.2478/cttr-2013-0842Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gaißer, H.: Fluiddynamik in der Cigarette und deren Einfluß auf den Zugwiderstand [Fluid Dynamics in the Cigarette and the Influence on Drawing Restistance]; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 16 (1994) 11–46. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0630GaißerH.Fluiddynamik in der Cigarette und deren Einfluß auf den Zugwiderstand [Fluid Dynamics in the Cigarette and the Influence on Drawing Restistance]Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int.161994114610.2478/cttr-2013-0630Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gaißer, H.: Die stationäre Strömung in der Cigarette und deren Einfluß auf den Zugwiderstand [Steady State Flow in the Cigarette and its Influence on Pressure Drop]; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 15 (1992) 93–122. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0626GaißerH.Die stationäre Strömung in der Cigarette und deren Einfluß auf den Zugwiderstand [Steady State Flow in the Cigarette and its Influence on Pressure Drop]Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int.1519929312210.2478/cttr-2013-0626Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Mitler, H.E. and G.N. Walton: Modeling the Ignition of Soft Furnishings by a Cigarette; U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, DC, USA, 1993.MitlerH.E.WaltonG.N.Modeling the Ignition of Soft Furnishings by a CigaretteU.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and TechnologyWashington, DC, USA199310.6028/NIST.SP.852-3Search in Google Scholar
Krasny, J.F., W.J. Parker, and V. Babrauskas (Editors): Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses; William Andrew Publishing, Norwich, NY, USA, 2001. 10.1016/B978-081551457-2.50001-2KrasnyJ.F.ParkerW.J.BabrauskasV.Fire Behavior of Upholstered Furniture and MattressesWilliam Andrew PublishingNorwich, NY, USA200110.1016/B978-081551457-2.50001-2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Yi, S.-C., E.-S. Song, and M.R. Hajaligol: Mathematical Model of Smoldering Combustion in a Carbonaceous Porous Medium. Part 1 – Development of Pyrolysis and Combustion Models for a Cylindrical Geometry; J. Fire Sci. 19 (2001) 429–448. 10.1177/073490401773732436YiS.-C.SongE.-S.HajaligolM.R.Mathematical Model of Smoldering Combustion in a Carbonaceous Porous Medium. Part 1 – Development of Pyrolysis and Combustion Models for a Cylindrical GeometryJ. Fire Sci.19200142944810.1177/073490401773732436Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hirschler, M.M.: Mathematical Models to Analyse the Effect of Physical Properties of Cigarettes on the Propensity of the Cigarette to Ignite Cellulosic Fabrics; Fire Mater. 21(1997) 33–39. 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1018(199701)21:1<33::AID-FAM594>3.0.CO;2-EHirschlerM.M.Mathematical Models to Analyse the Effect of Physical Properties of Cigarettes on the Propensity of the Cigarette to Ignite Cellulosic FabricsFire Mater.211997333910.1002/(SICI)1099-1018(199701)21:1<33::AID-FAM594>3.0.CO;2-EOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 287:2009. Paper and Board – Determination of Moisture Content of a Lot – Oven-Drying Method; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2009.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 287:2009Paper and Board – Determination of Moisture Content of a Lot – Oven-Drying MethodISO, Geneva, Switzerland2009Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 534:2011. Paper and Board – Determination of Thickness, Density and Specific Volume; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2011.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 534:2011Paper and Board – Determination of Thickness, Density and Specific VolumeISO, Geneva, Switzerland2011Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 536:2011. Paper and Board – Determination of Grammage; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2011.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 536:2011Paper and Board – Determination of GrammageISO, Geneva, Switzerland2011Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 5636-3:2013. Paper and Board – Determination of Air Permeance (Medium Range) – Part 3: Bendtsen Method; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2013.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 5636-3:2013Paper and Board – Determination of Air Permeance (Medium Range) – Part 3: Bendtsen MethodISO, Geneva, Switzerland2013Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 8791-2:2013. Paper and Board – Determination of Roughness/Smoothness (Air Leak Methods) – Part 2: Bendtsen Method; ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2013.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 8791-2:2013Paper and Board – Determination of Roughness/Smoothness (Air Leak Methods) – Part 2: Bendtsen MethodISO, Geneva, Switzerland2013Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 1716:2010. Reaction to Fire Tests for Products – Determination of the Gross Heat of Combustion (Calorific Value); ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2010.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard ISO 1716:2010Reaction to Fire Tests for Products – Determination of the Gross Heat of Combustion (Calorific Value)ISOGeneva, Switzerland2010Search in Google Scholar
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN): German Standard DIN 53765:1994. Testing of Plastics and Elastomeres, Thermal Analysis, DSC-Method; DIN, Berlin, Germany, 2010.Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN): German Standard DIN 53765:1994Testing of Plastics and Elastomeres, Thermal Analysis, DSC-MethodDINBerlin, Germany2010Search in Google Scholar
Zienkiewicz, O.C.: The Finite Element Method in Engineering Science; McGraw-Hill, London, UK, 1971.ZienkiewiczO.C.The Finite Element Method in Engineering ScienceMcGraw-HillLondon, UK1971Search in Google Scholar
Wang, M., J. He, J. Yu, and N. Pan: Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity for Fibrous Materials; Int. J. Therm. Sci. 46 (2007) 848–855. 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.11.006WangM.HeJ.YuJ.PanN.Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity for Fibrous MaterialsInt. J. Therm. Sci.46200784885510.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2006.11.006Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Tondini, F., P. Bosetti, and S. Bruschi: Heat Transfer in Hot Stamping of High-Strength Steel Sheets; Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. B - J. Eng. Manuf. 225 (2011) 1813–1824. 10.1177/0954405411413987TondiniF.BosettiP.BruschiS.Heat Transfer in Hot Stamping of High-Strength Steel SheetsProc. Inst. Mech. Eng. B - J. Eng. Manuf.22520111813182410.1177/0954405411413987Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kashiwagi, T. and H. Nambu: Global Kinetic Constants for Thermal Oxidative Degradation of a Cellulosic Paper; Combust. Flame 88 (1992) 345–368.KashiwagiT.NambuH.Global Kinetic Constants for Thermal Oxidative Degradation of a Cellulosic PaperCombust. Flame88199234536810.1016/0010-2180(92)90039-RSearch in Google Scholar
Fredlund, B.: Modelling of Heat and Mass Transfer in Wood Structures During Fire; Fire Safety J. 20 (1993) 39–69. 10.1016/0379-7112(93)90011-EFredlundB.Modelling of Heat and Mass Transfer in Wood Structures During FireFire Safety J.201993396910.1016/0379-7112(93)90011-EOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kartovaara, I., R. Rajala, M. Luukkala, and K. Sipi: Conduction of Heat in Paper; in: Papermaking Raw Materials, edited by V. Punton, Mech. Eng. Pub. London, UK, 1985, pp. 381–412.KartovaaraI.RajalaR.LuukkalaM.SipiK.Conduction of Heat in PaperPapermaking Raw MaterialsPuntonV.Mech. Eng. Pub.London, UK1985381412Search in Google Scholar
Lyman, C.S., T.A. Perfetti, D.M. Riggs, and W.T. Morgan: Thermal Emissivity and Cigarette Coal Temperature During Smolder; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2003) 381–388. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0755LymanC.S.PerfettiT.A.RiggsD.M.MorganW.T.Thermal Emissivity and Cigarette Coal Temperature During SmolderBeitr. Tabakforsch. Int.20200338138810.2478/cttr-2013-0755Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Baker, R.: Temperature Variation Within a Cigarette Combustion Coal During the Smoking Cycle; High Temp. Sci. 7 (1975) 236–247.BakerR.Temperature Variation Within a Cigarette Combustion Coal During the Smoking CycleHigh Temp. Sci.71975236247Search in Google Scholar
Pino, A., J. Pladellorens, J.F. Colom, O. Cusola, and A. Tosas: Using Laser Speckle to Measure the Roughness of Paper; Tappi J. 10 (2011) 7–13.PinoA.PladellorensJ.ColomJ.F.CusolaO.TosasA.Using Laser Speckle to Measure the Roughness of PaperTappi J.10201171310.32964/TJ10.3.7Search in Google Scholar
COMSOL, A.B.: COMSOL Multiphysics User’s Guide; COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden, 2005.COMSOLA.B.COMSOL Multiphysics User’s GuideCOMSOL ABStockholm, Sweden2005Search in Google Scholar
Yeoh, G.H. and K.K. Yuen: Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fire Engineering: Theory, Modelling and Practice; Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington, MA, USA, 2009.YeohG.H.YuenK.K.Computational Fluid Dynamics in Fire Engineering: Theory, Modelling and PracticeButterworth-HeinemannBurlington, MA, USA2009Search in Google Scholar
International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 5660-1:1993. Fire Tests - Reaction to Fire - Part 1: Rate of Heat Release From Building Products (Cone Calorimeter method); ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, 1993.International Organization of Standardization (ISO): International Standard 5660-1:1993Fire Tests - Reaction to Fire - Part 1: Rate of Heat Release From Building Products (Cone Calorimeter method)ISOGeneva, Switzerland1993Search in Google Scholar
Statler Jr, D.L.: A Mechanistic and Modeling Study of Recycled and Virgin Flame Retarded Polycarbonate; Dissertation, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA, 2008.StatlerD.L.JrA Mechanistic and Modeling Study of Recycled and Virgin Flame Retarded PolycarbonateDissertationWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WV, USA2008Search in Google Scholar
Baker, R.R. and R.A. Crellin: The Diffusion of Carbon Monoxide Out of Cigarettes; Beitr. Tabakforsch. 9 (1977) 131–140. 10.2478/cttr-2013-0437BakerR.R.CrellinR.A.The Diffusion of Carbon Monoxide Out of CigarettesBeitr. Tabakforsch.9197713114010.2478/cttr-2013-0437Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Johnsson, J.E. and A. Jensen; Effective Diffusion Coefficients in Coal Chars: Proc. Combust. Inst. 28 (2000) 2353–2359. 10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80647-5JohnssonJ.E.JensenA.Effective Diffusion Coefficients in Coal CharsProc. Combust. Inst.2820002353235910.1016/S0082-0784(00)80647-5Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hesford, M.: A 24 Factorial Experimental Design to Investigate the Influence of LIP Testing Substrate Parameters (Basis Weight, Permeability and Roughness) on LIP Pass Rates and Residual Length Measurements; Abstract ST 49 presented at the CORESTA Meeting Smoke Science/Product Technology Groups, Graz, Austria, 2011.HesfordM.A 24 Factorial Experimental Design to Investigate the Influence of LIP Testing Substrate Parameters (Basis Weight, Permeability and Roughness) on LIP Pass Rates and Residual Length MeasurementsAbstract ST 49 presented at the CORESTA Meeting Smoke Science/Product Technology GroupsGraz, Austria2011Search in Google Scholar
