The Victims of the “Great War” in Transylvania: Recovering the Sources and Designing a Database of Invalids, Orphans, and War Widows

Historical Population Database of Transylvania: HPDT. Search in Google Scholar

Invalids, orphans, and widows database: IOW database. Search in Google Scholar

Monitorul Oficial (1920/119/September 2). Search in Google Scholar

Monitorul Oficial (1920/217/December 31). Search in Google Scholar

Monitorul Oficial (1921/220/January 4).10.1086/358031 Search in Google Scholar

Monitorul Oficial 1921/242/February 5). Search in Google Scholar

Monitorul Oficial (1922/20/April 29). Search in Google Scholar

Transilvania (1923/54/1–2). Search in Google Scholar

NABN, IOW, inv. 618 – National Archives, Bistrița-Năsăud county branch, Invalizi, orfani și văduve de război (ioVr)/Invalids, orphans, and war widows fonds (IOW)-Bistriţa, 1918– 1961. Search in Google Scholar

1914–1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War (2022) Berlin: Freie Universität. http://www.1914-1918-online.net/, accessed 20 May 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Bolovan, I., Crăciun, B., Covaci, D., Dumănescu, L., Holom, E.C., Mârza, D. and Lumezeanu, A.C. (2019) ‘Historical Population Database of Transylvania. A Database manual’, Studia UBBDigitalia, 64(1), pp. 9–84. https://doi.org/10.51964/hlcs12038.10.51964/hlcs12038 Search in Google Scholar

Cohen, D. (2001) The War Came Home: Disabled Veterans in Britain and Germany, 1914–1939. Berkeley: university of california Press.10.1525/california/9780520220089.001.0001 Search in Google Scholar

Davies, n. (1997) Europe. A History. London: oxford university Press. Search in Google Scholar

Dologa, D. (2015) ‘Orfanii de război de pe Valea Bârgăului (Primul Război Mondial)’, Anuarul Bârgăuan. Știință, cultură, arte, literatură, 5(5), pp. 98–107. Search in Google Scholar

Faron, O. (1999) ‘The age of war orphans: Construction and realities of a group of state wards between education and assistance (1917–1935)’, The History of the Family, 4(1), pp. 17–29.10.1016/S1081-602X(99)80263-2 Search in Google Scholar

Fornasin, A., Breschi, M. and Matteo, M. (2019) ‘Deaths and survivors in war: The Italian soldiers in WWi’, Demographic Research, 40, pp. 599–626. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2019.40.22.10.4054/DemRes.2019.40.22 Search in Google Scholar

Hall, K.P., McCaa, R. and Thorvaldsen, G. (2000) ‘Introduction. International Historical microdata: a new resource for research and Planning’, in hall, K.P., mccaa, r. and thorvaldsen, G. (eds) Handbook of International Historical Microdata for Population Research. minneapolis: minnesota Population center, pp. 3–9. Search in Google Scholar

Healthcare services in the First World War: Portuguese soldiers during and after the Great War (1914–1960) (2022) Lisbon: Nova University, http://healthcaregreatwar.wordpress.com. Accessed 20 May 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Holom, E.C. and Crăciun, B. (2015) ‘Invalizi, orfani și văduve: consecințe sociale ale „marelui Război” în Transilvania. Studiu de caz’, in Bolovan, I., Cojocaru, G. and Tămaș, o.-m. (eds) Primul Război Mondial – Perspectivă istorică şi istoriografică/ The First World War in Historical and Historiographical Perspective. Cluj-Napoca: Presa Universitară Clujeană/Centrul de Studii Transilvane, pp. 559–568. Search in Google Scholar

Holom, E.C. (2020) ‘“Recovering the Wounds of War”: Transylvanian Soldiers and their Families during and after the First World War’, Transylvanian Review, 29(1), pp. 18–31. Search in Google Scholar

Holom, E.C. (2021) ‘“Children of the Nation”. An Overview of Aid and Benefits Paid to WWI Orphans as Reflected in Data from the Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Romania (1918–1939)’, Romanian Journal of Population Studies, 15(2), pp. 115–137.10.24193/RJPS.2021.2.05 Search in Google Scholar

Janz, O. (2009) ‘Death and Mourning in the Memory of World War I in Italy’, in: Lamberti, e. and Fortunati, V. (eds) Memories and Representations of War: The Case of World War I and World War II. Amsterdam–New York, NY: Brill, pp. 273–286. Search in Google Scholar

Kind-Kovács, F. (2021) ‘The heroes’ children: Rescuing the Great War’s orphans’, Journal of Modern European History, 19(2), pp. 183–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1611894421992688.10.1177/1611894421992688 Search in Google Scholar

Koven, S. (1994) ‘Remembering and Dismemberment: Crippled Children, Wounded Soldiers, and the Great War in Great Britain’, American Historical Review, 99(4), pp. 1167–1202.10.2307/2168773 Search in Google Scholar

Kranjc, G.J (2009) ‘The Neglected War: The Memory of World War I in Slovenia’, The Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 22(2), pp. 208–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/13518040902918105.10.1080/13518040902918105 Search in Google Scholar

Lumezeanu, L. (2021) Infrastructuri digitale pentru istoria socială. Construirea bazelor de date istorice. cluj-napoca: editura mega. Search in Google Scholar

Magowska, A. (2012) ‘The Unwanted Heroes: War Invalids in Poland after World War I’, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 69(2), pp. 185–220. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrs042.10.1093/jhmas/jrs042 Search in Google Scholar

Mandemakers, K. and Dillon, L. (2004) ‘Best Practices with Large Databases on Historical Populations’, Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History, 37(1), pp. 34–38.10.3200/HMTS.37.1.34-38 Search in Google Scholar

Mandemakers, K., Mourits, R.J., Muurling, S., Boter, C., van Dijk, I.K., Maas, I., van de Putte, B., Zijdeman, R.L., Lambert, P., van Leeuwen, M.H.D., van Poppel, F. and Miles, A. (2018) HSN standardized, HISCO-coded and classified occupational titles, release 2018.01. amsterdam. international institute of Social history. https://datasets.iisg.amsterdam/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=hdl:10622/MUZMAL. Accessed 20 May 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Mârza, D. (2007) ‘Demografie și asistenţă socială în Transilvania (1916–1918): înființarea orfelinatelor destinate orfanilor de război’, in Bolovan, S.P, Bolovan, I., Graf, R. and Pădurean, C. (eds) Mișcări de populaț ie și aspecte demografice în România în prima jumătate a secolului XX. Cluj-Napoca: Presa Universitară Clujeană, pp. 93–100. Search in Google Scholar

Meir, N. (2009) ‘From communal charity to national welfare: Jewish orphanages in Eastern europe before and after World War i’, East European Jewish Affairs, 39(1), pp. 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501670902750261.10.1080/13501670902750261 Search in Google Scholar

Morariu, M. (2019) ‘Urmări ale Primului Război Mondial în localitatea Salva, județul Bistrița-Năsăud: orfani și văduve de război’, Astra Salvensis, 2(4), pp. 81–84. Search in Google Scholar

Smith, A. (2010) ‘Discourses of morality and truth in social welfare: the surveillance of British widows of the First World War’, Social Semiotics, 20(5), pp. 519–535, https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2010.513187.10.1080/10350330.2010.513187 Search in Google Scholar

Sumpf, A. (2010) ‘Une société amputée. Les retours des invalides russes de la Grande Guerre, 1914–1929’, Cahiers du monde russe, 51(1), pp. 35–64, https://doi.org/10.4000/monderusse.9169.10.4000/monderusse.9169 Search in Google Scholar

Sumpf, A. (2016) ‘Un droit à la réhabilitation? Le statut légal des invalides russes de la grande guerre, 1912–1927’, Le Mouvement Social, 257(4), pp. 149–166, https://doi.org/10.3917/lms.257.0149.10.3917/lms.257.0149 Search in Google Scholar

The Great War from Below: Multiple Mobility and Cultural Dynamics in Belgium (2022) Leuven: Family and Population Studies unit (FaPoS), center for Sociological research (ceSo), https://soc.kuleuven.be/ceso/fapos/ongoingprojects/great-war. Accessed 20 May 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Winter, J. (1995) Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History. cambridge: cambridge university Press. Search in Google Scholar

Winter, J. (2006) Remembering the War: The Great War between Memory and History in the Twentieth Century. new haven–London: Yale university Press. Search in Google Scholar

Zolotarev, V.A. (2014) ‘Lessons of World War One’, Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 84(4), pp. 320–327.10.1134/S1019331614040108 Search in Google Scholar