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Changes in Industry and Services Sectors in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Joanna Dominiak
Joanna Dominiak
 und 
Tomasz Rachwał
Tomasz Rachwał
   | 29. Dez. 2022
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Online veröffentlicht: 29. Dez. 2022
Seitenbereich: 41 - 56
Eingereicht: 13. Sept. 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2022-0040
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© 2022 Joanna Dominiak et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Gross value added growth in industry and services in the groups of the NACE section in the EU and Poland (2019–Q4 = 100%).Source: own study based on Eurostat data.
Gross value added growth in industry and services in the groups of the NACE section in the EU and Poland (2019–Q4 = 100%).Source: own study based on Eurostat data.

Fig. 2

Employment growth in industry and services by the NACE section in the period of 2019–2021 in Poland (2019 – 100%).Section B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities; Section F: construction; Section G: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; Section H: transport and storage; Section I: accommodation and food service activities; Section J: information and communication; Section K: financial and insurance activities; Section L: real estate activities; Section M: professional, scientific and technical activities; Section N: administrative and support service activities; Section O: public administration and defence; compulsory social security; Section P: education; Section Q: human health and social work activities; Section R: arts, entertainment and recreation; Section S+T: other service activities and activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own useSource: own study based on Eurostat data.
Employment growth in industry and services by the NACE section in the period of 2019–2021 in Poland (2019 – 100%).Section B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities; Section F: construction; Section G: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; Section H: transport and storage; Section I: accommodation and food service activities; Section J: information and communication; Section K: financial and insurance activities; Section L: real estate activities; Section M: professional, scientific and technical activities; Section N: administrative and support service activities; Section O: public administration and defence; compulsory social security; Section P: education; Section Q: human health and social work activities; Section R: arts, entertainment and recreation; Section S+T: other service activities and activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own useSource: own study based on Eurostat data.

Fig. 3

Changes in the employment structure of industry and services sectors by section in the years 2019–2021 in Poland.Section B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities; Section F: construction; Section G: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; Section H: transport and storage; Section I: accommodation and food service activities; Section J: information and communication; Section K: financial and insurance activities; Section L: real estate activities; Section M: professional, scientific and technical activities; Section N: administrative and support service activities; Section O: public administration and defence; compulsory social security; Section P: education; Section Q: human health and social work activities; Section R: arts, entertainment and recreation; Section S+T: other service activities and activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own useSource: own study based on Eurostat data.
Changes in the employment structure of industry and services sectors by section in the years 2019–2021 in Poland.Section B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities; Section F: construction; Section G: wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; Section H: transport and storage; Section I: accommodation and food service activities; Section J: information and communication; Section K: financial and insurance activities; Section L: real estate activities; Section M: professional, scientific and technical activities; Section N: administrative and support service activities; Section O: public administration and defence; compulsory social security; Section P: education; Section Q: human health and social work activities; Section R: arts, entertainment and recreation; Section S+T: other service activities and activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own useSource: own study based on Eurostat data.

Fig. 4

Dynamics of industrial production sold, construction and new orders in industry in Poland in the years 2020–2021* (corresponding period of the previous year = 100).*Production in constant prices, new orders in current pricesSection B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activitiesSource: own study based on Statistics Poland (GUS) data.
Dynamics of industrial production sold, construction and new orders in industry in Poland in the years 2020–2021* (corresponding period of the previous year = 100).*Production in constant prices, new orders in current pricesSection B: mining and quarrying; Section C: manufacturing; Section D: electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Section E: water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activitiesSource: own study based on Statistics Poland (GUS) data.

Fig. 5

Change in service orders in Poland between April 2020 and September 2021An estimate change in orders (%) compared to the previous month..Source: own study based on GUS data from the publication: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic situation – assessments and expectations (detailed data and time series) – Annexe to the publication: “Economic situation in manufacturing, construction, trade and services 2000–2021 (September 2021)” (GUS, 2021)
Change in service orders in Poland between April 2020 and September 2021An estimate change in orders (%) compared to the previous month..Source: own study based on GUS data from the publication: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic situation – assessments and expectations (detailed data and time series) – Annexe to the publication: “Economic situation in manufacturing, construction, trade and services 2000–2021 (September 2021)” (GUS, 2021)

Fig. 6

Proportion of Polish industrial, construction and service enterprises assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as serious or threatening the stability of the company during the pandemic in Poland, from April 2020 to September 2021.Source: own study based on GUS data from the publication: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic situation – assessments and expectations (detailed data and time series) – Annexe to the publication: “Economic situation in manufacturing, construction, trade and services 2000–2021 (September 2021)” (GUS, 2021).
Proportion of Polish industrial, construction and service enterprises assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as serious or threatening the stability of the company during the pandemic in Poland, from April 2020 to September 2021.Source: own study based on GUS data from the publication: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic situation – assessments and expectations (detailed data and time series) – Annexe to the publication: “Economic situation in manufacturing, construction, trade and services 2000–2021 (September 2021)” (GUS, 2021).

Changes in gross value added of industry and services sectors in the EU and Poland in 2019–2021 (by quarter).

Time European Union (27) Poland
industry (including construction) services industry (including construction) services
gross value added in millions of euro (current prices)
2019–Q1 772,270.5 2,194,441.3 34,271.7 71,800.5
2019–Q2 788,488.4 2,280,772.5 34,057.1 75,894.9
2019–Q3 780,632.2 2,287,091.7 35,083.3 77,396.5
2019–Q4 832,498.0 2,374,657.6 45,908.7 82,401.0
2020–Q1 762,476.5 2,205,316.8 35,828.6 77,781.6
2020–Q2 669,964.2 2,042,733.9 30,199.7 70,766.1
2020–Q3 756,483.3 2,243,864.8 34,304.9 77,540.2
2020–Q4 836,724.7 2,312,133.1 45,639.6 78,563.7
2021–Q1 792,486.5 2,191,947.3 36,220.3 74,386.8
2021–Q2 822,455.7 2,307,921.9 38,113.2 77,917.1
2021–Q3 815,654.8 2,386,809.4 38,849.4 81,858.4
2021–Q4 895,755.2 2,487,530.2 54,175.7 84,199.4
Index of dynamics
Period 1: 2019–Q1 to 2020–Q2 (2019–Q1=100) 186.8 193.1 188.1 198.6
Period 1a: 2019–Q4 to 2020–Q2 (2019–Q4=100) 180.5 186.0 165.8 185.9
Period 2: 2020–Q2 to 2021–Q4 (2020–Q2=100) 133.7 121.8 179.4 119.0
All time: 2019–Q1 to 2021–Q4 (2019–Q1=100) 116.0 113.4 158.1 117.3
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